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PubMed1987

The effect of diet on the ophthalmological, clinical and biochemical aspects of Richner-Hanhart syndrome: a morphological ultrastructural study of the cornea and the conjunctiva.

Type II tyrosinemia (Richner-Hanhart syndrome) is a familial aminoacid disorder, clinically characterized by ocular changes (keratitis), palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis, no constant mental changes with mental deterioration, abnormal urinary excretion and high serum tyrosine level in consequence of the absence of tyrosine-aminotransferase. Almost 20 families have been described in the literature of which 50% are of Italian origin, suggesting that this disorder is particularly frequent in our country. We report a family with 2 affected members with typical clinical and biochemical findings (keratitis, palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis, abnormal urinary and serum tyrosine concentrations), not suffering from mental retardation. Clinical symptoms completely disappeared after the decrease of urinary and serum tyrosine levels following a tyrosine- and phenylalanine-free diet. These cases are compared with those reported in literature, and the usefulness of diet for the improvement of clinical and metabolic symptoms is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Conjunctiva and subconjunctival tissue in primary open-angle glaucoma after long-term topical treatment: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

BACKGROUND: Primary open-angle glaucoma is commonly treated with long-term hypotensive medical therapy. When this approach becomes inadequate, therapy proceeds with surgery. The present study investigates morphological changes in the conjunctival and subconjunctival tissues induced by short- and long-term topical medical therapy of primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: Comparisons were made between biopsy specimens from glaucomatous patients, who received specific eyedrop therapy (timolol and pilocarpine) for various periods of time, and control patients with no conjunctival pathology or topical treatment. Histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural parameters were investigated. RESULTS: The morphometric analysis of histological sections and immunohistochemistry (anti-fibronectin antibody) in medium- and long-term therapy patients showed: (a) significant increases in the thickness and number of epithelial cell layers; (b) significant increases in the fibroblast density in both subepithelial and deep connective tissue; and (c) a more compact connective tissue, richer in collagen fibers arranged in whirls, with some inflammatory elements. These findings were confirmed by the ultrastructural analysis. In the same patients, the other immunohistochemical parameters investigated (anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD1a, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-IL2 and C3b antibodies) revealed a tendency to chronic inflammation. Following specific surgery, this tendency manifested itself in a diffuse immune response, especially in those patients who underwent medium- and long-term medical therapy. CONCLUSION: According to these results, antiglaucomatous surgery should be rehabilitated and considered as an alternative to long-term medical therapy in the first-instance treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

[Electron-microscopic findings in Bowen's disease of the conjunctiva (author's transl)].

The conjunctival tumors of eleven patients were histologically diagnosed as an intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma Bowen's disease. All characteristic intraepithelial changes were manifest. Microinvasion, secondary dyskeratosia, dyskeratotic keratinisation, individual cell keratinization, and loss of intercellular desmosomes were clearly evident in the electron microscope. Virus-like organisms were not observed.

Aged↗