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Results for “Compulsive Personality Disorder”

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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder--some considerations based on a case].

The authors report the case of a male patient whose illness started with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and later developed into undifferentiated type schizophrenia. They explore the changes in the symptomatology of the young male and the treatment interventions used. The authors emphasize the common appearance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms with schizophrenia and present data on the epidemiology and psychopathology of the recently published schizo-obsessive subtype of schizophrenia. They point at the importance of early detection and complex treatment approaches.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Characteristics of chronic alcoholism in patients with sensitive premorbid states].

Overall 69 patients with sensitive traits of character not reaching the degree of psychopathy, suffering from stage II chronic alcoholism were examined on a clinical basis. In the given patients' group, alcoholism manifested itself atypically. The initial lack of the protective nauseous and vomiting reflex and high tolerance, relative preservation of the quantitative control, no amnesia during drunkenness, temporal break between the formation of compulsive addiction and the abstinent syndrome, manifestation of compulsive addiction only in a state of alcoholic intoxication were recorded. At the same time attention should be drawn to the frequently occurring depressive forms of drunkenness, early appearance of the asthenic state, the lack of marked personality changes by the alcoholic type, relative preservation of a critical attitude towards the disease, and to the abortive abstinent syndrome, characterized sometimes by an elevated attitude of mind resembling the hypomaniacal state. Alcoholism tends towards a moderate progredient course, which is often not realized because of the influence of psychic trauma and in that case alcoholism takes a malignant course.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measuring anankastic personality traits.

INTRODUCTION: The authors validate a 20 item scale designed to measure anankastic (obsessive) personality traits: the Mini-Inventory of Anankastic Personality Traits, 2nd version (MIAPT-2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The answers of a sample of 418 subject of both genders obtained from the general population were used to analyze construct validity (factorial analysis), its alpha reliability and its internal consistency through the item/total correlations and the two halves test. An additional sample of 22 medical students was used to analyze the concurrent validity of the scale (external criterion: the Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory) and the temporary reliability with the test-retest method. After this, the total scores of the instrument and the factorial scores were standardized and distributed into percentiles. RESULTS: The scale shows good concurrent validity (r = 0.67; p < 0.000) and construct validity (56 % of the total of the variance explained by the factorial analysis) as well as a good internal consistency through the item/total correlations (all p = 0.000) and two halves test (r = 0.71; p < 0.000; with the Spearman-Brown correction R= 0.83). The alpha reliability of the scale (alpha = 0.84), and the test-retest (r = 0.69; p < 0.000) are high. CONCLUSIONS: The validated MIAPT-2 shows good validity and reliability to evaluate anankastic personality traits. The authors include an appendix with the scale and the standardization of its total and factorial scores distributed into percentiles to be used in clinical and general population samples.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gilles de la Tourette disease: review of the literature].

The authors reviewed recent literature reports on Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Clinical aspects, etiopathogenetic theories and therapeutic trials were taken into account, to better define the disease and its rational therapeutic approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Reliability and validity of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale in schizophrenia patients.

Although a sizeable minority of people with schizophrenia manifest obsessive and compulsive symptoms, to our knowledge there are no studies of the psychometric performance of measures such as the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). The present study examined psychometric properties of the Y-BOCS in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). To 37 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and related disorders and comorbid OCS taken from 135 consecutively admitted patients we administered the Y-BOCS at admission and 6 weeks later. The Y-BOCS showed good internal consistency and interrater reliability in this population; however, findings concerning the divergent validity against depressive and negative symptoms are inconsistent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Obsessive phenomena in schizophrenic adolescents].

Adolescent schizophrenics show obsessive-compulsive symptoms as often as adult patients. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms occur generally both in premorbid and post-acute states, whereas they are rarely observed in acute states. A particular preference of any schizophrenic subgroup doesn't seem to exist. Obsessive-compulsive phenomena are not the same as coping-techniques or (pseudo)-neurotic defense mechanisms, and don't allow a prediction of a distinct outcome. The relationship between schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms is variable, and doesn't follow a set pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Six-year follow-up after exposure and clomipramine therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder.

To determine whether gains from exposure therapy are lasting in patients with chronic obsessive compulsive disorder, the authors followed up 34 (85%) of 40 such patients who had been treated 6 years earlier with exposure therapy for 3 or 6 weeks and with clomipramine or placebo for 36 weeks. Severity of obsessive compulsive disorder was assessed by rating the discomfort caused by the time devoted to four target rituals, the Behavioral Avoidance Test, and the Compulsion Checklist. Mood was assessed by the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Wakefield Self-Assessment Depression Inventory, and the Anxiety scale. In addition, the patients' general adjustment was assessed. The authors found that the group as a whole remained significantly improved on obsessive compulsive symptoms, work and social adjustment, and depression; however, the group returned to pretreatment levels (slight to moderate) of general anxiety. They found that neither clomipramine nor placebo affected long-term outcome and that the majority of patients who were taking clomipramine or other antidepressants at follow-up were no more improved that those who were not taking antidepressants. Better long-term outcome correlated with more exposure therapy (6 weeks of therapy vs. 3 weeks) and with better compliance with the exposure therapy homework. The best predictor of long-term outcome was improvement at the end of treatment. Subjects who had initially been most depressed were more likely to receive psychotropic medication during follow-up. Initial severity of illness did not preclude benefit from exposure therapy.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychiatric aspects of Crohn's disease (author's transl)].

We have examined 13 patients suffering from Crohn's disease, almost all of them during an active spell. Three patients had a well-structured personality, four patients an obsessional one, one patient a narcissistic personality, and five patients a passive-dependant personality structure. Four patients seemed depressed and anxious. The texts dealing with the psychological aspects of Crohn's disease acknowledge the influence of a stress as a precipitating factor. Patients' passivity and dependence is an idea emphasized by several authors, and the frequency of obsessive personality traits is pointed out in different studies. In short, no author allows us to conclude formally in favour of a psychosomatic origin of Crohn's disease, which confirms our impression after examination of the patients we have talked with or seen regularly.

Adult↗