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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy--a 3 year experience in a general hospital in Malaysia.

All percutaneous tracheostomies performed in the general intensive care unit (ICU), Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, from July 1999 to June 2002 were studied. The tracheostomies were performed as an elective bedside technique in the ICU. A total of 352 percutaneous tracheostomies were performed. Eighty-eight percent of the tracheostomies were completed within 15 minutes. The most common complication was bleeding which occurred in 52 patients (14.7%). The rest of the complications encountered were:- transient hypoxia twelve (3.4%), inability/ difficulty to insert tracheostomy tube eight (2.3%), false passage four (1.1%), transient hypotension two (0.6%), pneumothorax two (0.6%), peristomal infection two (0.6%), subcutaneous emphysema one (0.3%), cuff rupture one (0.3%), oesophageal cannulation one (0.3%), and granuloma formation one (0.3%). Conversion to conventional tracheostomies were performed on 7 patients (2%). There was one unfortunate death related to percutaneous tracheostomy. In conclusion, percutaneous dilational tracheostomy can be used safely to manage the airway of critically ill patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspects of the humoral and cellular immune response in hepatitis associated with cholelithiasis.

AIM: To investigate the immunological reactions of the liver in various gall bladder disease. METHODS: IgG, IgA and IgM were measured in the blood and bile of patients with cholecystectomy. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy techniques were used. RESULTS: The tests showed high blood values of immunoglobulins and their presence in the bile. The immunofluorescence was positive for IgG in the hepatic sinusoids. The electron microscopy showed aspects of "cellular cooperation". CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our results we can affirm that in cholelithiasis there exists an immune response to the persistent antigens, with the release of circulating immune complexes.

Bile↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of BACTEC MGIT 960 system and BACTEC 460 TB system for growth and detection of Mycobacteria from clinical specimens.

This study was carried out to compare the performance of BACTEC MGIT 960 with the BACTEC 460 TB for growth and detection of Mycobacteria from human clinical specimens. The BACTEC MGIT 960 instrument is a fully automated system that utilizes MGIT tubes containing an oxygen sensor embedded in silicon at the bottom and filled with 7 mL of modified Middlebrook 7H9 broth. Identical samples were inoculated into the two automated systems and incubated for six weeks. Over a period of three months, 279 specimens were decontaminated and processed according to the standard CDC NALC/NaOH method, using the commercial MycoPrep kit. Forty-two specimens (15%) yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis; 37 (88%) were detected by the fluorescent BACTEC MGIT 960 and 35 (83%) detected by the radiometric BACTEC 460 TB. Fifteen specimens (5%) yielded Mycobacterium Other Than Tuberculosis (MOTT); 10 (66%) were detected by BACTEC MGIT 960 and 11 (73%) detected by BACTEC 460 TB. The average time to detection and contamination rates and the average time to obtain results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests between the two systems were compared. The performance of the BACTEC MGIT 960 was comparable to the BACTEC 460 TB system which has been the "Gold Standard" for automated detection of TB. The former was more rapid, as sensitive and less labour intensive than the BACTEC 460. Our data demonstrates that the BACTEC MGIT 960 system is an accurate, automated and a non-radioactive alternative to the BACTEC 460 TB for the culture and susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical experience of streptococcal balanoposthitis in 47 healthy adult males].

Between January 2001 and December 2003, 189 adult patients with balanoposthitis were treated in my clinic. Swab culture from the affected lesion detected Streptococcus pyogens in 47 cases (PYO group), other bacterial species including Candida albicans in 93 (B group), no bacterial growth in 27 (NB group) and swab culture was not done because clinical symptom was trivial in 22 (N group). The PYO group had a significantly higher prevalence of purulent discharge (68.1%) and local pain (38.3%), compared to the B group (25.8% and 21.5%, respectively) or the NB group (33.3% and 11.1%, respectively). Phimosis was absent in 7 cases in the PYO group. The route of infection in the PYO group was considered to be predominantly via sexual contact (PYO group 78.7%, B group 52.7%, NB group 59.3%), especially through fellatio by commercial sex worker for the majority of the PYO patients. The latent period (from sexual contact to the onset of symptoms) was 3 days or less in 40.5% and 4 to 7 days in 35.1% in the PYO group, whereas it was more than a week or not remembered in the majority of the B and NB groups, disapproving the causal relationship with sexual contact in such cases. Treatment with tosufloxacin tosilate or amoxicillin was effective in most cases of streptococcal balanoposthitis. Our results suggest that Streptococcus pyogens is one of the causative organisms of sexually transmitted balanoposthitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

Single subject research methods in rehabilitation.

The article describes single-subject research designs as an efficient and cost-effective way to assess the impact of targeted interventions on individual behavior. The authors overview the basic tenets of single-subject research, provide examples of several types of single-subject designs, and describe the utility of single-subject designs in rehabilitation research.

Behavioral Research↗
PubMed2005

The use of the Zontik cava filter for temporary implantation to the inferior vena cava.

The authors review the potential for the use of the Zontik retrievable cava filter (CF) for temporary implantation. In the course of their observations, the CF was to be received by 68 patients for the time needed for the treatment of floating thrombi in the inferior vena cava and its tributaries using thrombectomy, thrombolysis or anticoagulants. In 10 patients, the CF was implanted in view of the risk of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) during and after obstetric-gynecological and orthopedic operations carried out in the presence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs. After elimination of the risk of PTE the CF was retrieved in 38 (48.7%) patients over the period 2 to 64 days; 4 patients declined filter retrieval; in 3 patients, the procedure ended in failure. In view of the risk of PTE the CF, was left for permanent implantation in 33 patients. Of these, in 8 patients it was left due to embolism to the filter and in 8 patients due to its thrombosis. One patient developed PTE which prompted CF retrieval on the second day following implantation. Thirty patients were examined over the period 12 to 62 months after CF retrieval. No signs of PTF were detected, the inferior vena cava was patent. Based on their own experience the authors investigate the conditions required for temporary implantation of the CF and the indications for its use, factors providing for the minimal risk of the recurrence of venous thrombosis and PTF after filter retrieval, and the possibilities of a broader practical use of the technique. They believe that temporary implantation of the CF is the most prospective trend in endovascular prevention of PTE.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A Phase I/II study evaluating escalating doses of recombinant human albumin-interferon-alpha fusion protein in chronic hepatitis C patients who have failed previous interferon-alpha-based therapy.

Albumin-interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is a novel 85.7-kDa recombinant protein consisting of IFN-alpha that is genetically fused to human serum albumin. In this Phase I/II, multicentre, open-label study, we evaluated the safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albumin-IFN-alpha in IFN-alpha-experienced patients with chronic hepatitis C. Albumin-IFN-alpha was administered in 22 escalating doses (7-900 microg) in a single injection or in two injections 14 days apart. In the 119 patients studied, there were no discontinuations because of adverse events, and albumin-IFN-alpha had a favourable safety profile at doses up to 900 microg. The most common adverse events were headache (56%), fatigue (52%), injection site erythema (38%), arthralgias (32%) and pyrexia (27%). Reduced clearance resulted in a mean elimination half-life of 159 h, which supports dosing at 2- to 4-week intervals. Induction of the IFN-specific gene OAS1 was maintained for > or = 28 days following a single injection of albumin-IFN-alpha at doses of > or = 40 microg. Dose-dependent antiviral activity was observed in this IFN-alpha-experienced study population. Antiviral activity of > or = 1.0-log reductions in HCV RNA was observed in 47% (37/78) of patients in the 120- to 900-microg cohorts and in 59% (16/27) in the 400- to 900-microg double-injection cohorts. These results support further clinical studies of albumin-IFN-alpha for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Concurrent vulvovaginitis, respiratory syndrome and keratoconjunctivitis in calves].

Studied was a disease course in calves caused by the IBR/IPV virus with symptoms characteristic of vulvovaginitis, respiratory distrubances and keratoconjunctivitis. Concurrent infections of such type were observed primarily in several-month-old calves (aged from 6--7 weeks to 6 months). In older calves (aged 1--2 years) vulvovaginitis predominated, it being more rarely associated with changes typical of pneumonia, and, as an exception accompanied by keratoconjunctivitis. Dairy cows exhibited predominatly the chronic form of vulvovaginitis. Isolated were 16 strains of the IBR/IPV virus showing properties analogous of those of the standard Oxford strain. Demonstrated were specific IBR/IPV antibodies in calves, cows and bulls (from 24.5 up to 50 per cent). The problem is discussed of the correlation between sterility in cows showing the presence of the IBR/IPV virus and the symptoms of vulvovaginits as well as the presence of hypospermia and balanoposthitis in bulls harbouring the virus infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Actual diagnosis and treatment].

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are currently defined as c-Kit-positive mesenchymal tumors with specific histological characteristics. CD117 (c-Kit protein) is a growth factor receptor with tyrosine kinase activity and product of the protooncogene c-Kit. The most frequent sign is gastrointestinal haemorrhage, which occurs in approximately one third of patients. The evaluations which are necessary for diagnosis include clinical examination, immunohistochemistry analysis, endoscopic examination, X-ray, abdominal CT scan, ultrasound, MRI, exploratory surgery, biopsy or fine-needle aspiration of the tumor. Current data suggest a major role of a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib mesylate (Glivec), for patients with metastatic or advanced disease. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice and offers the only chance for cure.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenosquamous cervical carcinoma morphological characteristics.

Adenosquamous carcinomas range between 5-25% of cervical cancers and are composed by an admixture of malignant squamous and glandular elements. The aim of our study was to identify some common characteristics and to evaluate the correlation between the degrees of differentiation of the two components. We analyzed 15 cases diagnosed in a 6 years period. The age ranged between 26 years and 67 years (mean age 46.5 years). Paraffin embedding, followed by HE staining were performed. Differential diagnosis with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the cervix with squamous metaplasia was made. Four cases (26.66%) were subtyped as clear cell adenosquamous carcinomas and 2 cases (13.33%) were subtyped as glassy cell carcinomas, exhibiting finely granular ground glass type cytoplasm. 93.33% of cases exhibited a poorly differentiated squamous component and 66.66% of cases exhibited a well differentiated glandular component. 20% (3 cases) presented prominent lymphoplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory tumoral infiltrate. Squamous intraepithelial lesions in overlying epithelium was observed in 4 cases (26.66%). One case presented extension to the uterine body. One case, diagnosed as glassy cell subtype, presented regional lymph node metastases. Our study concluded the occurrence of adenosquamous cervical carcinomas at a similar age with squamous cervical carcinomas in the investigated group of patients. As adenosquamous cervical carcinomas are considered expressions of a biphasic differentiation of a single pluripotential sub-columnar reserve cell, a similar degree of differentiation of the two components would be expected. Although, we registered a degree of variability in grading of the two components, with a tendency of squamous component toward poorly differentiated aspect and a slightly dominant aspect of well differentiated glandular pattern.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic difficulties in mammary gland adenosis. Case report].

Tumor adenosis represents a rare lesion, which most frequent appears as a palpable mass, with more than the usual dimensions. The paper presents a case of tumor adenosis of the mammary gland of a 16 years girl. Macroscopically, the tumor was well delimited, with gray-white surface and a nodular aspect on section. The tissue was processed by routine technique and stained with hematoxylin-eosine (H&E). There were also performed immunohistochemical (Actin SM, CK, S100) and special stainings (silver impregnation). Microscopically, there were observed several histologic types of adenosis, the most frequent being sclerosing adenosis. Through silver impregnation it was observed that the basement membrane, which surrounded the tubes, was intact. Immunohistochemically, there were evidentiated the epithelial and myoepithelial components of the tubes. The presence of these elements led through the diagnosis of tumor adenosis. The importance of recognition of the tumor adenosis is found in the possibility of wrong interpretation of this with tubular invasive carcinoma, these two entities being often mistaken, mainly at the frozen-section examination.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of hysteroscopy in the diagnostic on perimenopausal metrorrhagia. A study of 35 cases].

UNLABELLED: We have retrospectively evaluated the role of hysteroscopy for the diagnostic of the peri-menopausal metrorrhagia. METHODS: The cases included represented patients of more than 45 years, with persistent bleeding, from 2 gynecological hospitals (one public and one private), during one year, that were submitted to hysteroscopy for clarifying the diagnostic. The hysteroscopic endometrium descriptions were categorized as: atrophy, normal, simple or suspect hypertrophy, polyp, and adenocarcinoma, and they were compared to the pathological exam results. RESULTS: The descriptions were distributed among the categories: atrophy (8 cases), simple hypertrophy (17), suspect hypertrophy (3), polypoid (5), endometrial cancer (2) or normal (4). The correlation to pathological results was good, with only 14% of hysteroscopic underestimation of lesions. The sensitivity according to type of pathology, was 50 to 100%, specificity between 84% - 100%. CONCLUSION: Hysteroscopy is better than "blind" curettage in clarifying perimenopausal hemorrhagic endometrial pathology.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Prevention and treatment of mental disorders in women during the climacteric period].

The authors review problems of the treatment and prevention of mental disorders in climacteric women depending on the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of their origin. Group I included women with mental disorders accompanying vasomotor manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. To prevent and treat these disorders, of great importance is their diagnosis at the initial stage in the premenopausal period, particularly within the framework of the premenstrual syndrome. It is pathogenetically justified that this group patients be administered replacement hormonal therapy. Still, if mental disorders are aggravated, the hormonal drugs or their combinations with psychotropic agents should be withdrawn. Group II included women with psychogenous and endogenous mental diseases that occurred for the first time in the climacteric period. In this group patients, hormonal therapy should be withdrawn to prevent exacerbation of the health status and adequate treatment be instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Balanoposthitis in bulls due to bovine herpesvirus in south Brazil.

We describe an acute outbreak of balanoposthitis in bulls at an artificial insemination station in South Brazil. Bovine herpesvirus was isolated from preputial swabs in the Crandell feline kidney cell line and secondary fetal bovine lung cells and identified using the fluorescent antibody technique and electron microscopy. Polyclonal antibodies against the whole virus were used for identification of the bovine herpesvirus with the fluorescent antibody technique. Herpesvirus particles could be seen in the infected cells by electron microscopy. Eleven bulls had clinical signs resembling balanoposthitis and nine yielded virus.

Animals↗