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PubMed2003

Schwannoma in the inguinal canal masquerading an inguinal hernia.

Benign neoplasms originating from the neuronal sheath are usually found along the distribution of the cranial nerves and in the flexor surfaces of the upper and lower extremities. We herein present a case of a 65-year-old man with a schwannoma located in the inguinal canal, which presented as an irreducible hernia. This is the first reported case in the English literature of a schwannoma with such a presentation.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Giant chondrosarcoma: a case report].

Chondrosarcoma is a slow-growing malignant tumor, with a mainly local infiltration, usually arising from skeletal cartilaginous cells. However, a few such neoplasms also arise from extraskeletal mesenchymal cells. Metastasis are usually seen with undifferentiated tumors (grade III), mainly within the lungs. The best treatment associates total surgical resection with chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is of poor use. Isolated pulmonary metastasis can be profitably withdrawn. Prognosis is about of 75% of survival after 10 years, in case of well-differentiated tumors (grade I). The prognosis is far worse for undifferentiated tumors (grade III), turning around 10% of survival after 10 years.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Pediatric horner syndrome: etiologies and roles of imaging and urine studies to detect neuroblastoma and other responsible mass lesions.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency of etiologies of Horner syndrome in children and suggest an imaging and laboratory diagnostic protocol to evaluate for neuroblastoma and other lesions in a child presenting with Horner syndrome and no known cause. DESIGN: Retrospective chart and data review. METHODS: A retrospective review of all children seen at a large pediatric neuro-ophthalmology referral center with a diagnosis of Horner syndrome between 1993 and 2005 with particular attention to underlying etiologies and the results of imaging and urine catecholamine studies. RESULTS: Fifty-six children met criteria for Horner syndrome and further review. Twenty-eight children (50%) had no previously identified cause for Horner syndrome. Of these children, 24 (85.7%) had urine catecholamine metabolite studies, and all had negative results. Twenty (71.4%) had complete modern imaging of the brain, neck, and chest. Of the 18 children who had complete imaging and urine studies, responsible mass lesions were found in six (33%). Four had neuroblastoma, one had Ewing sarcoma, and the other had juvenile xanthogranuloma. Of all patients (diagnosis known and unknown), neoplasm was the etiology in 13 of 56 (23%) of patients. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that Horner syndrome in a child of any age without a surgical history requires a complete examination to exclude a mass lesion. In such patients, we recommend brain, neck, and chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without contrast as well as urinary catecholamine metabolite testing. However, imaging is more sensitive than urine testing in this setting.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Ultrasonic diagnostics in the scope of clarification and prognosis of oncologic cases (author's transl)].

By means of ultrasonic diagnosis it is possible to represent neoplasms in the abdomen, retroperitoneum and small pelvis. The real-time scanner is utilized in tumor localization and search for metastases, whereas an exact measurement of the tumor, possible of a representative metastasis, and also the treatment planning, are performed with the cross-sectional images from the storage compound scanner. Controls during cancer therapy will give information about the therapeutic results. Recurrences or newly spread metastases may easily be detected by this method in the course of follow-up of the tumor patients.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Urachal malignant fibrous histiocytoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Pathologic processes involving the urachus are usually related to inflammatory or sinofistular conditions. Neoplasms rarely arise within this structure, and when they do occur, they are typically epithelial, with mucinous adenocarcinoma being the most common. Mesenchymal lesions, both benign and malignant, have rarely been described in this location. We report the case of a 66-year-old white man who presented with a primary urachal malignant fibrous histiocytoma and died of metastatic disease 20 months after the initial diagnosis. This is an unusual case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising in a urachal remnant.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Immunohistochemical detection of the Wilms' tumour gene WT1 in desmoplastic small round cell tumour.

The desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT) is a rare, highly malignant neoplasm usually presenting in the abdomen of adolescent males. A characteristic translocation between the Ewing's sarcoma gene on chromosome 22 and the Wilms' tumour gene WT1 on chromosome 11 has been described, producing a fusion gene with expression of the DNA binding area of WT1. Some Wilms' tumour antibodies recognize epitopes of this part of the WT1 protein. All four cases of DSRCT examined showed strong staining of the tumours with an anti-WT1 antibody, suggesting this may be useful in the diagnosis of these tumours.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment of multiple primary neoplasms].

Comparison of two groups of patients with polyneoplasia was carried out: in group 1 surgeries were performed simultaneously, in group 2--at different time. Choice of surgical technique seems to depend on the time between detection of the tumors. When polyneoplasias were revealed at the same time, surgeries were performed simultaneously. These operations were conducted more often when the tumors were localized in organs accessible by one surgical approach. When multiple synchronous tumors located in various anatomic regions consecutive operations were performed more often. The stage of the tumor does not influence the choice of time of operation for the first and second tumor. Simultaneous operations are preferable for young patients without concomitant diseases.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Thoracoabdominal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors in childhood: radiological features.

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) are extremely uncommon, malignant neoplasms affecting mostly children and young adults. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and radiological studies of four such cases. All cases were pathologically proven. Plain films, US, and CT scans were used. The youngest child had a huge pelvic tumor and two adolescents each had a chest wall (Askin) tumor. The fourth patient had a most unusual location of the PNET in the anterior mediastinum. The CT findings are emphasized. We emphasize that the markedly abnormal CT findings are not specific for PNET.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Malignant rhabdoid tumors: a clinicopathologic review and conceptual discussion.

The malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) has been a controversial lesion since its seminal description. There is no consensus as to whether it represents a distinctive clinicopathological entity or, alternatively, a phenotypic pattern that is potentially common to several disparate neoplasms. MRT of the kidney is a childhood tumor that is associated with uniformly aggressive behavior, but it shows a wide spectrum of histologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic findings. Malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumors (MERTs) have been observed in pure form over a broader range of patient ages and anatomic locations, but they show substantial morphological and biological homology with renal MRT. Lastly, "composite" extrarenal rhabdoid tumors (CERTs)--in which recognizable "parent" neoplasms are admixed with MERTs--also have been recognized in several topographic sites. In aggregate, these observations suggest that "rhabdoid tumors" are a heterogeneous group of lesions with dissimilar lineages of differentiation. Particularly in CERTs, it is likely that the rhabdoid phenotype represents a common end point of clonal evolution in tumors of clearly different origins. Despite these caveats, the authors do support retention of the diagnosis of "rhabdoid tumor," because the affiliated morphological pattern is uniformly attended by aggressive biological behavior despite potential dissimilarities at a subcellular level.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney: report of a case with mandibular metastasis simulating a benign myxomatous tumor.

The clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) is one of the histologically unfavorable types of childhood renal tumors that has a propensity for osseous metastasis. We have presented the clinical and pathologic findings of the first well-documented case of a CCSK with mandibular metastasis, which was recognized approximately 18 months after the original diagnosis. Microscopically, the mandibular lesion had the features of a benign myxomatous neoplasm with the exception of occasional atypical spindle cells. Electron microscopic observation confirmed the undifferentiated nature of the neoplastic cells. It was concluded that the intensive chemotherapy that was administered to our patient very likely affected the histologic appearance of the mandibular metastasis as well as other recurrent lesions in the abdomen. Our review of the literature revealed only five previous examples of Wilms' tumor that had metastasized to the mandible. At least one of these earlier cases also represented a CCSK.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Malignant papillary cystic tumor of the pancreas.

An example of the rare papillary cystic tumor of the pancreas was diagnosed cytologically by aspiration of the primary neoplasm. Subsequently, it metastasized, proving its low-grade malignant behavior. Diagnostic cytomorphologic features included abundant straight and branched papillary tissue fragments, and uniform, pale nuclei with folds or grooves. Although the primary tumor had a typical histologic appearance, metastases demonstrated increased nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia, bizarre tumor giant cells, and an increased mitotic rate. Vimentin was diffusely positive, whereas neuron-specific enolase and somatostatin were focally and weakly reactive. Neurosecretory and zymogen granules were absent ultrastructurally. By flow cytometric study, the tumor was aneuploid (DNA Index = 1.3).

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography after gastrectomy in primary gastric carcinoma.

Thirty-eight patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach and considered disease-free following surgical resection of their primary neoplasm, underwent abdominal CT 1 month to 3 years after tumor removal. A total of 70 CT studies were obtained during this period. The most common findings were metastasis to lymph nodes (15 patients) and to the liver (nine patients). There were nine patients with local recurrence of the tumor. In the follow-up of patients after gastrectomy for carcinoma, CT was helpful in the diagnosis of local recurrence and distant metastasis, in guiding the biopsy of the suspected abnormalities, and in the evaluation of the results of treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Molecular analysis of the secretory phospholipase A2 gene, a candidate of Mom1 gene, in neuroblastomas.

Mice with hereditary intestinal polyposis have mutations of the APC gene which causes formation of multiple polyps. At least one other gene influences the susceptibility for development of polyps in mice, and the locus was named Mom1. The causative gene for the Mom1 locus has recently been cloned and was found to be identical to the secretory type II phospholipase A2 (PLA2S-II) gene. Although the mechanism of contribution of PLA2S-II to formation of polyps is unclear, abnormalities of the PLA2S-II gene contribute to cellular transformation in mice. We speculated that this gene could contribute to tumorigenesis in human neoplasms. The human homologue of this gene maps to 1p35-36.1. Chromosomal deletions involving this region are frequently observed in neuroblastomas. We analyzed 19 neuroblastomas to detect point mutations of the PLA2S-II gene by PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP). A polymorphism was detected at codon 32; no point mutations were found in the coding region of the gene. Moreover, in cases that were heterozygous at codon 32, three samples had hemizygous deletion of the gene. Taken together, PLA2S-II is frequently hemizygously deleted, but no point mutations are observed in neuroblastomas.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Detection of malignant soft tissue tumors in bone imaging.

A total of 2530 consecutive bone scans were examined to evaluate the number and the type of soft tissue neoplasms detected with bone-seeking phosphonates. Sixty-eight primary or secondary soft tissue neoplasms of 63 patients accumulated 99mTc -methylene diphosphonate and 2 accumulated 99mTc -diphosphonate, and one metastasis was seen as a nonactive 'cold' focus in the urinary bladder. The localization of tumors was: 19 in the lung, 15 in the liver, 11 in the kidney, 10 in the peritoneal cavity or ascites, 5 in the large bowel, 4 in the vascular or lymphatic system, 3 in the connective tissue or muscles, 2 in the ovary, 1 in the urinary bladder, and 1 in the brain. Our results differ in many respects from those reported in the literature. The causes of the differences are discussed.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of recurrent desmoplastic small round cell tumor by fine needle aspiration. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a recently described neoplasm characterized by aggressive biology, occurrence in body cavities, expression of antigens from multiple cell lineages and a specific translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22. Most of the published information on this neoplasm is histologic. The case presented here enabled presentation of the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical features of aspirated cytologic material obtained from this unique tumor. CASE: The cytologic, histologic, radiologic and clinical features of a DSRCT from a 17-year-old patient are presented. Although the initial diagnosis in this case was made on histology, recurrence was proven by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). CONCLUSION: The presence of sheets or clusters of small round malignant cells, associated with shards of dense fibroconnective tissue, in FNAB should lead the cytologist to consider the diagnosis of DSRCT.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

[Evaluation of a risk of a cross-reactivity with Echinococcus multilocularis-specific Em2plus antigen in patients with liver cancer].

The incidence of non-specific reactions with E. multilocularis antigen in patients with liver malignancies, and the risk of a supradiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in space-occupying lesions in the liver due to neoplastic proliferative diseases were studied. Analysis of specific IgG serum antibody against Em2plus antigenic complex was performed in 11 AE patients in comparison to 76 individuals with malignant neoplasms of abdominal or extra-hepatic location, including some patients with primary hepatocellular cancer or distant metastases to liver, and 42 patients with benign hepatic lesions. Only one false borderline result was reported in a case with colorectal cancer, and dissemination to liver. Low risk of false positive results with E. multilocularis-specific Em2plus antigen in patients with liver malignancies makes the test valuable for practical reasons in a differential diagnosis of irregular tumor masses visualized by imaging techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Chemotherapy and embolization via the inferior epigastric artery for the treatment of primary and metastatic cancer.

We evaluated the results of arterial chemotherapy and embolization via the inferior epigastric artery and its branches in 10 patients with a variety of primary and metastatic neoplasms supplied by that vessel. A total of 15 infusions and five occlusions were performed. There were no complications related to arteriography, indwelling catheters, or arterial occlusion. The effects on tumor bulk ranged from complete necrosis in one patient to partial necrosis in three patients. Surgical resection was facilitated in four of six patients. Local recurrence of tumor occurred in two of these patients. Three of four patients with intractable pain had effective relief. Our experience suggests that transarterial therapy of tumors supplied by the inferior epigastric artery or its branches is a safe procedure and may be useful in tumor management.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗