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PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior tooth trauma in the primary dentition: incidence, classification, treatment methods, and sequelae: a review of the literature.

A review of the literature is presented to discuss anterior tooth trauma in the primary dentition. Studies show that the incidence ranges from 4 percent to 30 percent and varies depending upon the sex and age of the child. Classification of the type of trauma is subdivided into trauma to the tooth and trauma to the periodontium. Treatment modalities depend upon various factors and range from nontreatment to splinting to extraction. Possible sequelae of primary tooth trauma may include tooth discoloration, loss of vitality, root resorption and/or abscess formation. Careful follow-up is recommended following any type of trauma, because the ultimate goal in treatment is to prevent damage to the permanent successor.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1994

Missing anterior teeth: treatment options and their orthodontic implications.

Recent advances in restorative and surgical materials and techniques have increased the treatment options available for patients who are missing an anterior tooth. The factors influencing the management of such patients and the orthodontic implications of these treatment options are discussed in this paper.

Anodontia↗
PubMed1993

Sports dentistry: coming of age in the '90s.

As the country becomes more health conscious, many of our patients are becoming involved in sporting activities, from organized teams to the occasional weekend warrior. As a result, the incidence of oral trauma is increasing. Dentistry today must respond to these patient's specialized needs, providing them with the quality of care they deserve. This paper discusses the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of sports-related dental trauma for the general dentist. Injury management, smokeless tobacco, mouth guard comparisons, custom mouth guard fabrication, marketing techniques and liability are presented.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1994

Implant-based treatment for the loss of a single tooth.

This article describes the authors' experience in the provision of single-tooth replacement by means of Brånemark implant treatments. Over a 5-year period, 45 treatments have been undertaken with a current fixture retention rate of 100 percent. Careful planning and attention to detail in surgical, prosthodontic, and technical aspects have resulted in an excellent functional and aesthetic treatment with high acceptance by patients.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1995

Management of trauma to primary and developing teeth.

Traumatic dental injuries to the young child can present both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Luxation injuries to the primary dentition are the most common injuries. Yet, they are the most controversial with regard to definitive treatment, prognosis, and sequelae. Damage to the developing teeth subsequent to primary tooth injury is often unavoidable and has permanent effects on the dentition. Diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and outcomes are presented in this article; however, treatment decisions are often based on patient behavior.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Aesthetic management of traumatized anterior teeth.

The emergency of a traumatically injured tooth occurs frequently in a general dental practice. Patients, staff, and dentist should know what restorative techniques are available to manage the crisis. When the emergency occurs, the patient is probably going to call the dental office. The staff must be prepared for triage of the emergency so that the dentist can plan on the best course of action to manage the clinical circumstance. One method of triaging an emergency caused by traumatic injury to the tooth is by using a short questionnaire that can be completed either by the office staff member taking the telephone call or by the patient if present. This can provide important information for the treatment of the situation. Clinically, the traumatized anterior tooth needs immediate attention. The pulpal status of the tooth needs to be assessed and in the case of tooth or restoration fracture, the circumstances many times dictate an immediate restorative treatment to correct an unaesthetic situation. This article provides the dentist and staff with a variety of restorative techniques that address the aesthetic management of anterior teeth that have been traumatized.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed1995

Clinical management of transverse root fractures.

Successful management of a tooth that has sustained a transverse root fracture depends on three major factors: the position of the fracture line, the extent of mobility of the coronal segment, and the state of the pulpal tissue. The position of the fracture line and its relationship to the base of the gingival crevice are the most important factors in determining the long-term prognosis for the tooth.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed1993

Etiological and predisposing factors related to traumatic injuries to permanent teeth.

Etiological and predisposing factors related to traumatic injuries to permanent teeth were studied in an epidemiological material comprising 1610 children with 286 registered traumatic dental injuries. The results showed that (1) postnormal occlusion, (2) an overjet exceeding 4 mm, (3) short upper lip, (4) incompetent lips, and (5) mouth breathing were all factors which significantly increased susceptibility to traumatic dental injury. The average overjet in children with injuries limited to enamel fracture was 4.3 mm. In cases exhibiting more severe injuries (dentine fracture, pulp lesion, root fracture, exarticulation) the mean overjet was significantly greater, 5.0 mm. The most common causes for injury were 'falls and blows' which were recorded as etiological factors in 69.9% of the boys and in 86.7% of the girls. Dental injuries sustained during participation in sports were twice as common in boys (18.2%) as in girls (8.2%). The frequency of tooth injuries caused by traffic accidents was comparatively low, 9.7% in boys and 5.5% in girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Dental and dentoalveolar injuries: their etiology, incidence and distribution in a specialized university service].

From 1987 to 1992, 520 patients presenting with traumatic injuries were referred to the Department of Orthodontics and Pedodontics at the University of Geneva. The sample consisted of 949 injuries, involving 556 primary and 393 permanent teeth. They concerned mostly upper primary (56%) or permanent (35%) incisors, and were more frequent in boys (60.6%) than girls (39.4%). Various epidemiological observations concerning etiology, age distribution and seasonal variations are discussed. Given the limits assigned by data derived from a selected sample, they are compared with other studies dealing with traumatic injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Traumatic injuries to permanent teeth among Swedish school children living in a rural area.

Traumatic dental injuries in children and adolescents are a common problem, and several studies have shown that the prevalence of these injuries is increasing. The aim of this study was to make a cross-sectional investigation of all traumatized permanent teeth in children living in a rural area and to estimate the time required for each treatment. Patient records from all children aged between 7 and 17 years living in the district of Boxholm were examined. Patients with documentation concerning any traumatic injury were invited to an examination and interview. The following variables were examined: age, sex, etiology, organized sport activity, type of injury, treatment, number of dental visits, and time utilized for dental care. Dental injuries were recorded in 11.7% (88) of children (63% boys, 37% girls) and prevalence was highest in the 8-12 year-old age group for boys (75%) and the 7-9 year-old age group for girls (63%). The most frequent etiological factors were collision during play, and falling over. In boys, 10% of all dental injuries were caused by violence. Simple enamel fractures of maxillary central incisors were the most common type of injury. The mean treatment time was 74 minutes for each trauma incident, and in 35% of cases, only one dental visit was required. It was concluded that the frequency of traumatic dental injuries in a rural area is lower than in urban areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Changing the appearance of anterior teeth with porcelain veneers: a case report.

A case is described in which porcelain veneers were used to improve the appearance of the upper anterior teeth and disguise a marked dental centre-line asymmetry. This followed the traumatic loss of the upper left central incisor and complete space loss. Four anterior teeth were treated so that the illusion of symmetry might be enhanced, and the rationale behind this approach is discussed.

Child↗