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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Trichomonas tenax: ultrastructure of giant forms.

Trichomonas tenax is a parasitic flagellate of the human mouth. The morphology and the ultrastructure of the protozoan are identical to those of other trichomonads. Giant forms suddenly appeared in a strain maintained in culture for two years. The structure and the ultrastructure of these abnormal forms were studied at the light and electron microscope level. Several nuclei, groups of flagella, undulating membranes and Golgi complexes were observed. The significance of these forms is still unknown.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trichomonas vaginalis: preliminary characterization of a sperm motility inhibiting factor.

This study determined the effects of Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites, subcellular fractions, and medium from axenic T. vaginalis cultures on human sperm motility and viability. Spent medium (pH 7.0) caused complete cessation of sperm motility after 15 minutes incubation. Trophozoite soluble fraction or formalin-killed trophozoites caused a 50 percent reduction in sperm motility, compared to 25 percent reduction caused by the trophozoite particulate fraction or the sterile medium and three percent by saline (control). Spent medium from T. vaginalis cultures reaching stationary growth phase produced the greatest reduction in sperm motility, suggesting that potency was related to time in culture and trophozoites per ml. The T. vaginalis spermicidal activity was heat-stable, trypsin-sensitive, and had a molecular weight of 12-15,000 by gel filtration. This proteinaceous substance was present in and secreted by T. vaginalis trophozoites during normal growth in axenic culture. Since this T. vaginalis byproduct rapidly killed sperm in vitro, its effects in humans may contribute to infertility in infected couples.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Human serologic response to subcellular antigens of Trichomonas vaginalis.

Trichomonas vaginalis organisms were processed by differential centrifugation to yield defined subcellular fractions. The various fractions were processed by methods to enhance solubility of membranes and other components. The soluble materials were analyzed for immunogenicity by a quantitative kinetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (k-ELISA) and the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) technique using human patient serum. The principal antibodies in the human serum were directed toward cytosol components, not against membrane components, although all fractions contained multiple antigenic moieties.

Antigens, Protozoan↗
PubMed1986

Carbohydrate utilization by Trichomonas gallinae: effects on growth and metabolic activity under nongrowth conditions.

Trichomonas gallinae used 13 of 29 carbohydrates for growth. Quantitative relationships between final populations, acid production, and cellular glycogen contents varied depending on the substrate. The effect of growth on different carbohydrates on the subsequent utilization of carbohydrates by cells under nongrowth conditions was studied by measuring carbohydrate uptake, changes in cellular glycogen content, and gas production. Two major utilization patterns were found. Cells grown on maltose or starch used these substrates well, but cells grown on other sugars did not. All cells used glucose, fructose, galactose, and mannose, but cells grown on maltose or starch did not use them as well as cells grown on other sugars. All cells used ribose slightly but not xylose or arabinose. Turanose, a disaccharide yielding high populations in growth medium, was not used under nongrowth conditions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of some steroid hormones on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis].

Studies were conducted to determine the effect of some steroid hormones, particularly sex hormones, on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis "in vitro". 17 alpha-estradiol and 17 beta-estradiol were stimulatory for parasite growth, progesterone and testosterone were inhibiting, whereas cholesterol and ergosterol lacked such effects. Changes on the growth of T. vaginalis were observed in the first 20 hours of incubation with specific hormonal concentrations. These observations confirm the influence of sex hormones on the pathogenesis of trichomoniasis.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1985

The treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. An open controlled prospective study comparing a single dose of metronidazole tablets, benzoyl metronidazole suspension and tinidazole tablets.

Metronidazole tablets, benzoyl metronidazole suspension and tinidazole tablets each given as a single 2 g bolus dose in an open controlled prospective study were found to be effective forms of treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. The cure rates on wet smear preparations were 100%, 100% and 94,8% respectively, and symptomatic and observed improvements were excellent. There was a statistically significant difference between the response rates associated with both metronidazole preparations and tinidazole. The results of this study indicate that single-dosage bolus therapy can confidently be recommended in trichomonal infections and that it has a number of advantages.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Observations on Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Zambia.

Microscopy and culture of high vaginal swabs from an ante-natal clinic showed that 38.5% of the women harboured Trichomonas vaginalis; the corresponding figure from a gynaecology clinic was 31.4%. The incorporation of the culture method together with direct microscopy as a diagnostic technique in a routine laboratory is emphasized. Urine microscopy in out-patients, in-patients and medical examinees indicates that T. vaginalis in both males and females is not a rare infestation but the prevalence rate of 4.8% in males is considered an underestimate. Asymptomatic and symptomatic trichomoniasis was evident during the study. The age group in which the infection is most common is noted; this evidence suggests that venereal transmission need not be the only source of infection. The role of urinary schistosomiasis as a possible cause of urethritis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A comparative study of Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in Filipino women.

A comparative study of Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence among Filipino women is presented herein. A total of 288 women randomly drawn from various sources, including Social Hygiene clinics, Health Centers, and Family Planning Centers in the Metropolitan Manila Area were examined for T. vaginalis. Nineteen or (6.8%) were found positive either by wet mount or stained smear methods. Prevalence was significantly higher among the group of single than married women and five times higher among the waitress/hostess group than in the housewife/other group. Infection was related to parity and is significantly higher among nulliparous women. Likewise, a significant relationship was observed between prevalence of infection and gravidity. Prevalence decreases with increasing gravidity. No relationship in prevalence was observed between the use and non-use of contraceptives, and the method of contraceptive used. There was no significant association between the presence of the parasite and symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoperoxidase staining of trichomonas vaginalis in cytologic material.

In the course of studies on the histopathology and pathogenesis of trichomonal infections, specific antisera to Trichomonas vaginalis were produced. Using these antisera, conventional immunocytochemical techniques were modified and applied to a variety of cytologic specimens. With this methodology, trichomonal organisms were identified in specimens from usual and unexpected locations. These findings plus the potential applications of similar methodologies to other areas of cytopathology are reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Duration of colposcopic changes associated with trichomonas vaginitis.

The possibility that an abnormal Papanicolaou smear of the uterine cervix may be associated with vaginitis due to trichomonas vaginalis has been known for some time. Since colposcopy is being used with increased frequency to evaluate patients with cytologic abnormalities noted on the cervical smear and the colposcopic changes produced by trichomonal vaginitis are quite typical, a study was designed to evaluate the duration of these changes after effective eradication of the parasite. Among 12 patients in whom the infection was successfully treated, none showed evidence of colposcopically detected abnormalities due to the trichomonal vaginitis at 2 weeks and again at 4 weeks after initiation of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the method of direct immunofluorescence for differentiation of serotypes of Trichomonas].

It is possible to differentiate the serotypes of Trichomonas vaginalis by the direct immunofluorescent method using the tupe-specific antisera labelled with fluorescin-isothiocyanate. The most decisive factor in expressing the degree of induced fluorescence is the serotype of the protozoa. Evans blue, which has an intensive red fluorescence, totally eliminates the green autofluorescence of T. vaginalis and does not influence the induced specific fluorescence.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

Trichomonas infection in pregnancy--does it affect perinatal outcome?

Antenatal patients free of Trichomonas vaginalis vaginal infection were compared with infected patients, half of whom were treated and half left untreated. The treated group was given benzoylmetronidazole 50 ml (2 g metronidazole equivalent) as a single dose. The mode of treatment was found to be very palatable and highly effective. The birth weights and gestational age at delivery were similar in all three groups.

Antitrichomonal Agents↗
PubMed1981

[In vitro studies on the identification of metronidazole resistant strains of Trichomonas vaginalis (author's transl)].

In order to ascertain the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of metronidazole for strains of T. vaginalis with varying susceptibility, comparative studies were carried out under different assay conditions. These studies were made under aerobic or anaerobic conditions in microtiter plates and culture tubes respectively, using the following media: CACH with/without agar, CPLM, trichomonas medium (Merck), fluid thioglycollate (BBL), TYM with/without agar and STS modified. Thus only MLC values greater than or equal to 25 microgram/ml proved to be indicate for metronidazole resistant strains of T. vaginalis in the aerobic plate test. Under identical test conditions the MLC of 12.5 microgram/ml can be considered as an intermediate since this value in some cases has been ascertained for both normal sensitive strains and strains with known decreased susceptibility. Due to the irrelevant findings obtained with the CACH medium without agar and the modified STS medium, as well as with anaerobic test methods, these media seem to be unsuitable for the identification of metronidazole resistant strains of T. vaginalis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Study on resistant forms of Trichomonas vaginalis (author's transl)].

We have demonstrated resistant forms of Trichomonas vaginalis studied their morphology and induced transformation into vegetative forms. This work has led to an hypothesis concerning the parasite cycle which may throw light on the problems of transmission and resistance to therapeutic agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Trichomonas hominis: isolation and axenic cultivation (author's transl)].

Recently we have isolated Trichomonas hominis from diarrheic stools of a patient and established it in an axenic culture medium. The procedures are as follows: Diarrheic stool containing numerous trophozoites was first inoculated into the TYM (Trypticase Yeast extract Maltose) medium of Diamond (1975) to establish a polyxenic culture. Antibiotics, containing penicillin (1000 U/ml), streptomycin (1000 micrograms/ml), and cephalosporin (20 micrograms/ml) were added to prevent overgrowth of bacteria and fungi. After several passages, a specially-designed culture-tube was employed to separate T. hominis from the contaminants. The isolated T. hominis was then introduced into the modified TYI-S-33 (Trypticase Yeast extract Iron-Serum-33) medium of Diamond (1978). The organism established itself readily to this axenic culture medium. Sterility tests employing fluid thioglycollate, nutrient broth, and blood agar plate gave negative results indicating the absence of contaminants. The axenic culture of T. hominis provides us with a source of pure flagellates for biological, biochemical, and immunological studies.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Exploration on experimental conditions of dot-ELISA for Trichomonas vaginalis using intact parasite antigen-monoclonal antibody detecting system].

This paper deals with the effect of different experimental conditions including the number of parasite, blocking fluid, incubation time and different types of antigens on dot-ELISA for Trichomonas vaginalis. Five microlitres of freshly washed intact worms at a concentration of 7.7 x 10(5)-3 x 10(8) cells/ml were added onto nitrocellulose membrane blocked with 1% BSA, 10% bovine serum or milk power (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 5%). Dot-ELISA using nitrocellulose membrane containing whole cell antigen 2.5 x 10(7) cells/ml, blocked by 0.5% defatted milk power at 37 degrees C for one hour before the incubation in McAb, incubated at 37 degrees C for one hour in McAb and SPA respectively was found to give more promising results. The whole cell antigen could be preserved for four months at 4 degrees C and -20 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Primary structure and eubacterial relationships of the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase of the amitochondriate eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis.

In the eukaryotic unicellular organism Trichomonas vaginalis a key step of energy metabolism, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with the formation of acetyl-CoA, is catalyzed by the iron-sulfur protein pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO) and not by the almost-ubiquitous pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. This enzyme is localized in the hydrogenosome, an organelle bounded by a double membrane. PFO and its closely related homolog, pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductase, are enzymes found in a number of archaebacteria and eubacteria. The presence of these enzymes in eukaryotes is restricted, however, to a few amitochondriate groups. To gain more insight into the evolutionary relationships of T. vaginalis PFO we determined the primary structure of its two genes (pfoA and pfoB). The deduced amino acid sequences showed 95% positional identity. Motifs implicated in related enzymes in liganding the Fe-S centers and thiamine pyrophosphate were well conserved. The T. vaginalis PFOs were found to be homologous to eubacterial pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductases and showed about 40% amino acid identity to these enzymes over their entire length. Lack of eubacterial PFO sequences precluded a comparison. pfoA and pfoB revealed a greater distance from related enzymes of Archaebacteria. The conceptual translation of the nucleotide sequences predicted an amino-terminal pentapeptide not present in the mature protein. This processed leader sequence was similar to but shorter than leader sequences noted in other hydrogenosomal proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗