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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effectiveness of hemorrhoidal treatment by rubber band ligation and infrared photocoagulation.

OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment of internal hemorrhoids with rubber band ligation (RBL) and infrared photocoagulation (IRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: From march 1996 to december 1999, we prospectively studied 358 patients with a total of 817 hemorrhoid groups and a follow-up period of 36 months. Distribution according to gender and age was: 210 men with a mean age of 46 years and 148 women with a mean age 45.8 years. The mean number of hemorrhoids treated per patients was 2.3. All of them had complete a follow-up protocol at 15, 30, 60 and 180 days and at 12, 24 and 36 months. Rubber band ligation was performed with McGown ligator and suction pump, placing the band at the base of the hemorrhoid. For the infrared coagulation we used a Lumatec coagulation system, applying at least four shoots around each hemorrhoid, with an exposition time ranging between 1 and 1.5 seconds. Treatment was considered effective when patients became asymptomatic (relief of pain, bleeding or anal itching) and the obliteration of hemorrhoids after the treatment was confirmed by anal inspection and anoscopy. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety five of 358 patients were treated with RBL (82.4%), this treatment being effective in 98% of the patients after 180 days and very good after 36 months. There were 6/295 relapses at 36 months (2%). All minor and major complications were observed within the first 15 days of treatment: rectal tenesmus in 96/295 patients (32.5%), mild anal pain in 115/295 (38.9%), self-limited and mild bleeding after the detachment of the bands in 30/295 (10%), and febricula in one patient. Sixty three of 358 patients were treated with IRC (17.6%). In this group, relapses were observed in 6/63 patients (9.5%) at 36 months, all of them with grade III hemorrhoids that required additional treatment with RBL. All the complications (inherent to the technique) were observed within the first days: mild anal pain in 40/63 patients (63.4%) and mild bleeding in 1/63 (1.6%). The treatment with RBL or IRC depended on the number of hemorrhoids and the hemorrhoidal grade. No significant differences were found regarding the effectiveness between RBL and IRC for the treatment of grade I-II hemorrhoids, while RBL was more effective for grade III and IV hemorrhoids (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: RBL and IRC should be considered as a good treatment for all grades of hemorrhoids, due to its effectiveness, its cost-benefit and its small short and long-term morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Massive life-threatening lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage following hemorrhoidal rubber band ligation.

Hemorrhoids are common, and a significant proportion of patients who have hemorrhoids experience symptoms such as bleeding, pain and itching. Endoscopic hemorrhoidal ligation is a safe and effective technique indicated for the treatment of grade 1 to 3 hemorrhoids, with a high success and low complication rate. Complications, when they occur, are minor and may include painful thrombosed prolapsed hemorrhoids, slippage of bands, minor rectal bleeding and chronic longitudinal ulcer. Rare, potentially life-threatening complications are massive hemorrhage and pelvic sepsis. A case of massive, life-threatening lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage following endoscopic hemorrhoidal rubber-band ligation is presented. Our patient ingested aspirin intermittently following the procedure. In a study documenting complications after hemorrhoidal band ligation, two of three individuals requiring transfusion for massive hemorrhage were taking aspirin on a regular basis. The risk of massive hemorrhage after hemorrhoidal rubber band ligation is probably increased by ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may be wise to withhold such drugs soon after the procedure, if feasible.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2003

Trapezial arthroplasty with silicone rubber implantation for advanced osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint of the thumb.

INTRODUCTION: Arthritis in the trapeziometacarpal joint of the thumb can cause swelling and loss of motion. Treatment options include arthrodesis, replacement arthroplasty and interposition arthroplasty. Our objective in this clinical study was to determine outcomes after trapezial arthroplasty with a silicone rubber implant and the relationship between self-reported and measured outcomes. METHODS: At the Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, Ont., a tertiary care centre, we reviewed a series of 26 patients with advanced osteoarthritis who underwent silicone rubber trapezial arthroplasty. The follow-up averaged 6.5 years. We assessed the outcomes subjectively, and by clinical, functional and radiographic examination. RESULTS: Although 88% of patients reported some improvement in pain and satisfaction, when quantified the improvement was less impressive: only 5.7 (on a visual analogue scale of 1-10, poor-excellent) for pain and 5.6 for satisfaction. Superior subjective results were reported by patients older than 60 years. Osteoarthritic changes had caused pronounced functional impairment in the hands of patients who underwent surgery and those who did not, so that any long-term benefit of surgery was not measurable. Patients had difficulty manipulating both small and large objects on the Jebsen's hand function test. Peri-implant and carpal radiographic lytic changes were observed in 90% of patients. Six patients (20%) required revision surgery (3 early, 3 late), including 1 with a pathologic scaphoid fracture. CONCLUSIONS: Although clinical, functional and radiographic results were poor, they did not predict either satisfaction or pain improvement reported by patients, illustrating the need for a comprehensive standardized outcome evaluation to make informed decisions on the value of surgical intervention for osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Radiofrequency coagulation versus rubber band ligation in early hemorrhoids: pain versus gain.

OBJECTIVE: Band ligation of internal hemorrhoids is a well-established and accepted office procedure. However, there are several reports focusing on problems associated with this technique, which is perceived by many to be risk-free. This randomized study is aimed to compare radiofrequency coagulation and rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids on the parameters of effectiveness and comfort. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty patients of 2nd degree bleeding piles were randomized prospectively for band ligation (44 patients) or radiofrequency coagulation (36 patients) technique. Parameters measured included postoperative discomfort and pain, time taken to return to work, complications accompanying the procedure and recurrence rate. RESULTS: The post defecation pain was more severe with band ligation (p=0.01) and so was rectal tenesmus (p=0.01). The patients from radiofrequency coagulation group resumed their duties early (2 versus 5 days, p=0.05). Recurrence rate was higher in radiofrequency coagulation group. CONCLUSION: Rubber band ligation is associated with significantly higher post treatment pain and discomfort. As against this, radiofrequency coagulation results in significantly less pain and post defecation discomfort. However, chances of recurrence of bleeding and prolapse of hemorrhoids are comparatively higher using radiofrequency coagulation of hemorrhoids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The double-stemmed silicone-rubber implant for rheumatoid arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Long-term results.

Sixty-seven feet in forty-five patients who had rheumatoid arthritis were followed for an average of six years (range, four to ten years) after an operation on the forefoot that included resection of the metatarsophalangeal heads or joints and the insertion of a double-stemmed silicone-rubber implant in the first metatarsophalangeal joint. There were forty-two women and three men, and the average age at the time of the operation was fifty-six years (range, thirty-six to seventy-nine years). The mean duration of known rheumatoid arthritis was fifteen years (range, three to thirty-seven years). Resection of the metatarsophalangeal heads or joints was performed through a plantar approach in forty-one feet and a dorsal approach in twenty-six feet. A double-stemmed silicone-rubber implant was placed in the first metatarsophalangeal joint in all feet. Each patient was evaluated clinically and radiographically with use of a foot-scoring system that was developed for this study. The results were assessed for relief of pain, ability to walk (including the use of shoes), presence of calluses or deformity, and radiographic findings. The average preoperative foot score was 47 points; the score had improved to an average of 81 points at the latest follow-up examination. A good or excellent result was obtained in fifty-eight feet (87 per cent). Complications were infrequent. In three feet, there was delayed healing of the wound; three implants were removed because of dislocation and infection; and four feet had revision to correct deformities of the lesser toes.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Clinical presentations of patients sensitive to natural rubber latex.

BACKGROUND: Eczematous reactions to natural rubber latex (NRL) have been associated with both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity. OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical cases that might require testing for immediate sensitivity or patch testing for delayed hypersensitivity to latex fabric. METHODS: Patients with suspected sensitivity to NRL were given in vitro testing by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) or ImmunoCAP test and if negative, were prick-tested. If prick-test results were negative and the patients were still available, patch testing was done with latex glove fabric. Case histories of persons with positive results on RASTs, ImmunoCAP tests, prick tests, and patch tests were reviewed for clinical presentation and relevance. RESULTS: Of 92 persons with positive responses, 26 had positive RAST results, 26 had positive ImmunoCAP test results, 33 had positive prick-test results, and 7 had a positive patch-test result. Presentations included hand urticaria or eczema (46 patients), eyelid dermatitis (14), shoe dermatitis (10), atopic eczema (6), waistband dermatitis (5), clothing dermatitis (3), contact eczema to elastic in a mask (2), urticaria to a phlebotomy tourniquet, and eczema over the elbows and from an elastic bandage used for occlusive dressing therapy. Several other presentations were less likely to be relevant. CONCLUSION: Persons with putative contact dermatitis in areas that may come into contact with NRL deserve not only to be patch-tested with rubber chemicals but also to be tested for immediate sensitivity and, if results are negative, to be patch-tested with NRL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Glove allergy and sensitization to natural rubber latex among nursing staff at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

BACKGROUND: According to studies from different countries, the prevalence of natural rubber latex (NRL) sensitization in healthcare workers ranges from 2.9 to 17%. The incidence and prevalence of sensitization and allergy to NRL in Thailand is limited to two studies. There is no study among the high risk healthcare workers. OBJECTIVES: 1) To estimate the prevalence of natural rubber latex (NRL) glove allergy and NRL sensitization among nurses; 2) To describe its clinical symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Included in the present study were 412 nursing and medical record staff. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect personal biodata and individual allergy histories to NRL products. Skin prick tests (SPTs) with the commercial NRL allergens; Stallergènes, S.A, Fresnes, France, and common environmental allergens, were performed. RESULTS: The questionnaire response rate was 88% (412/470), 93% females. The response rate of SPT was 72% (295/412) (95%CI 67.2, 76.0). The prevalence of NRL glove allergic symptoms and NRL sensitization was 24% (95%CI 19.9, 28.1) and 2% (95%CI 0.4, 3.6), respectively. The mostfrequently reported symptoms among the positive SPT to NRL was angioedema. Five of the six NRL sensitised subjects had had high exposure to NRL. CONCLUSION: NRL sensitization among Thai nursing staff is less prevalent than in healthcare workers in Europe.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Thrombotic complications of silicone rubber catheters during autologous marrow and peripheral stem cell transplantation: prospective comparison of Hickman and Groshong catheters.

Thrombosis is common after placement of silicone rubber subclavian vein catheters in patients with malignancy receiving conventional doses of chemotherapy. To determine the incidence of this complication in marrow transplant patients and the effect of different catheter designs on thrombosis rates, patients were randomized to receive either open-ended Hickman catheters or valve-ended Groshong catheters for venous access during the transplantation procedure. A total of 35 catheters were placed, of which 23 were double-lumen (11 Groshong and 12 Hickman) and 12 were single-lumen (six Groshong and six Hickman). Arm venograms were performed on all patients at the time of hematopoietic recovery or occurrence of symptoms of subclavian vein thrombosis. There were 10 cases of total subclavian vein thrombosis (three were symptomatic) and 12 cases of asymptomatic non-occlusive mural thrombi. Only 13 normal veins were found. There was no difference in thrombosis rate between the Hickman and Groshong catheters. Double lumen catheters tended to be more likely to cause total venous occlusion (nine of 23) than single lumen catheters (one of 12) (p = 0.06, Fisher's exact test). We conclude that subclavian vein thrombosis is a common occurrence after placement of silicone rubber catheters for venous access during marrow transplantation. Most cases are asymptomatic. Groshong catheters are just as likely to cause this complication as Hickman catheters.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed2006

Second degree haemorrhoids: patient's satisfaction, immediate and long-term results of rubber band ligation treatment.

AIM: Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a widely performed and well established treatment for second degree haemorrhoids. The aim of our prospective study was to assess the satisfaction of patients treated by rubber band ligation, as well as the immediate and long-term results of this technique. METHODS: From January 2001 to December 2004, 73 consecutive outpatients with second degree haemorrhoids underwent RBL. From 1 to 3 years from the initial treatment, 73 patients were contacted by phone call to have some news about their health condition and to collect their opinion about the satisfaction of RBL technique. RESULTS: We didn't identify any major complication in our series, sometimes a temporary anal discomfort that could be controlled by low dose of NSAIDs. We report an excellent immediate benefit in 13.7% of cases, a good one in 58.9%. From 1 to 3 years after the initial procedure 82.2% of patients are either symptom free or improved and don't need any medical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate results are very good in particular for bleeding, anal pain and mucosal prolapse. Immediate and long-term results are invalidated by the concomitance of more symptoms and different results are recorded between sexes. We consider RBL a good ambulatory practice that could either get better or resolve haemorrhoidal disease or delay the invasive surgical treatment for second degree haemorrhoids.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome co-existing with celiac disease.

BACKGROUND: Anaemia caused by iron deficiency is one of the most common disorders in the world. We describe a patient with iron deficiency anaemia in whom absorption was limited due to celiac disease, superimposed to chronic blood loss due to the blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, a rare syndrome characterised by multiple cutaneous venous malformations in association with visceral lesions. CASE REPORT: A 54-year-old patient with severe iron deficiency anaemia showed marked rubbery cutaneous lesions on the body surface, extremities, under and on the left side of the tongue as well as in the stomach and duodenum. The appearance and pathological examination of the lesions were consistent with the diagnosis of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS). Biopsy of the mucosa of the duodenum showed celiac disease. No association between celiac disease and BRBNS has been previously described. CONCLUSION: Combined loss of iron and malabsorption from the gastrointestinal tract can lead to severe iron deficiency. Early recognition of both diseases can result in early treatment. Patients can recover completely with iron suppletion and a gluten-free diet. Recognising typical BRBNS skin lesions would provide a potential diagnosis and could prevent unnecessary procedures or invasive surgery.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed1991

Polishing the surface. A comparison of rubber cup polishing and airpolishing.

This study was designed to compare the clinical effectiveness of rubber cup polishing and airpolishing. Polishing time was controlled to approximate the time spent on plaque and stain removal in clinical dental hygiene practice. Effectiveness of polishing techniques was evaluated using indices to measure plaque, stain, and gingival trauma prior to and after the polishing treatment. Thirty adult subjects, with comparable numbers of teeth contralaterally, exhibiting observable plaque and stain, participated in the study. Patients with contra-indications for either polishing technique were excluded from the sample. Data were collected using a randomized split mouth design; one side of a subject's mouth was polished with a rubber cup and flour of pumice and the other side was polished with the Prophy-Jet airpolishing device. The time employed for both treatments was held constant at five minutes for each technique. Plaque, stain, and gingival trauma measurements were assessed prior to and following both polishing treatments. Analysis of variance was utilized to compute the data. Results indicate that, when comparing the effectiveness of polishing treatments, there is no statistically significant difference in plaque removal, stain removal, or gingival trauma within the established time interval. The authors conclude that other factors, in addition to effectiveness and time efficiency, should be considered when selecting rubbercup polishing with flour of pumice or an airpolishing device.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Irradiation of cells attached or suspended by rubber policeman or by trypsin influences the extent of DNA strand breaks induced by ionizing radiation.

Chilled B16CL4 mouse melanoma cells in phosphate-buffered saline were exposed to ionizing radiation before or after harvesting by gently scraping with a rubber policeman. Cells irradiated when attached had fewer DNA strand breaks than cells that were irradiated in suspension. Dose-response studies indicate that the rate of induction of DNA strand breaks by ionizing radiation is 1.5-fold greater in suspended cells. Irradiation after release of the cells by trypsinization also results in more breaks than irradiation when attached, but this method of harvest is not as damaging as release by rubber policeman. Strand breaks in unirradiated cells are unaffected by the method of cell harvest. These studies suggest that, in radiation studies, care should be exercised to avoid the introduction of artifacts resulting from the methods used to harvest and irradiate cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Decollateralization with silicone rubber sheeting for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a preliminary report.

A new treatment method, interception of collaterals with a silicone rubber sheet, was applied to three patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in whom arterial chemoembolization was assessed as ineffective because of the developed collateral feeding arteries. This procedure was followed by arterial chemoembolization or intraportal infusion chemotherapy or both. Follow-up celiac angiography confirmed that the long-term decollateralization was achieved by shielding the liver with silicone rubber sheeting. This technique resulted in partial responses without serious complications in all the patients including two who had no responses to chemoembolization before the procedure. The response durations were 5, 21, and 27, months, respectively. One patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding 7 months after the decollateralization. The other two patients are still alive, and the survivals after the procedure are 28 and 30 months, respectively. This therapy is considered promising and may be worth choosing as an adjuvant treatment for advanced hepatic malignancies uncontrolled by arterial chemotherapy or chemoembolization.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthetic experience of a patient with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome].

We report an anesthetic experience of a 63-year-old female patient with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome who underwent an open reduction of the fracture of the right femur. The syndrome is characterized by bluish nevus scattered throughout the skin of the whole body and angiomas of the gastrointestional tract causing serious bleeding. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental followed by intravenous injection of succinylcholine chloride and maintained with neuroleptanesthesia in nitorous oxide and oxygen. The course of anesthesia and emergence from anesthesia were uneventful. Anesthetic management of patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome was also discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis: the effect of antibiotic on the adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to silicone rubber catheter material.

Peritonitis is the major complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and is caused predominantly by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). Adherence to the silicone rubber Tenckhoff catheter has been identified as one factor in the pathogenesis and persistence of these infections. We have studied the adherence of CNS from patients and controls to silicone rubber in an in vitro model to determine whether this phenomenon can be modified by antibiotics. Adherence was strong for 7/27 (26%) CAPD isolates and for 3/27 (11%) of control strains. The strongly adherent CAPD isolates, when exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of vancomycin, cefuroxime, and ciprofloxacin, showed minimal alteration in adherence with vancomycin in both broth and used dialysate, whereas cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin both significantly reduced it. These observations may have implications for drug selection and prevention of CAPD peritonitis caused by CNS.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the cytotoxic action of various silicone rubber impression materials by means of cell culture (author's transl)].

Biological test of the silicone rubber impression materials was done by utilizing tissue cultures of L strain cells. Criteria for cytotoxicity were based upon response index in agar diffusion method which was determined by zone index and lysis index, and morphological observations of the cells. The materials used were chosen among those which were commercially available. Base material, catalyst, unset and set mixes of both materials were tested respectively. X-ray fluorescence analysis of the material was also performed. Following results were obtained. 1) Base material of all the materials showed zone index of a range between 11.8 mm and 18.6 mm. On the otherhand, lysis index was relatively small and minimum response index was 11.8 mm/8.6 mm. The cells appeared normal after cultivation with the base materials, though tissue culture medium became opaque due to dissolution of the base materials. It is revealed that the above results mean little cytotoxicity to the cells. 2) Catalyst, on the otherhand, yielded intense cytotoxicity. Minimum response index for the catalyst was 13.4 mm/14.8 mm. Morphological observation was parallel to the results of agar diffusion method. 3) Unset mixes also yielded intense to moderate cytotoxicity. 4) Set mixes showed a similar in level of cytotoxicity to the unset mixes. 5) X-ray fluorescence analysis of the materials revealed existence of such elements as Si, Sr, Sn, S, Cu and Fe. Moreover, Zn was found in materials A, B, C, D and E; P in materials A and B, and Pb in materials E and F. However, it was unable to show what compound was formed by these elements. It is expected that the present results could give a clue on animal experiments or clinical use from the view point of biocompatibility of silicone rubber impression materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Epidemiologic investigations of styrene-butadiene rubber production and reinforced plastics production.

The United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) began an epidemiologic study of workers employed in the styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) industry during 1976. This study was prompted by reports of relatively high numbers of leukemia deaths occurring within SBR production work populations. Simultaneous with the initiation of this investigation, the University of North Carolina released a report associating an excess risk of death due to hematopoietic and lymphatic malignancies among workers producing several synthetic rubbers, including SBR. This report presents NIOSH's preliminary mortality observations and a discussion of progress made on the analyses of contaminants found in two SBR production facilities. Currently, NIOSH is determining the feasibility of doing an epidemiologic study in the reinforced plastics industry. Interest in this study developed as part of an effort to determine health hazards associated with occupational exposure to styrene. Most of the technology for the reinforced plastics industry developed in the 1950s, and therefore this process represents a relatively new industry. This report also includes information on environmental conditions observed in the reinforced plastics industry and enumerates some of the complicating characteristics of this industry which increase the complexity of this study.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[A simple technic of true pyroloclasia: crushing with a rubber-sheathed clamp].

For more than 10 years the authors have been using a pyloroclasia derived from the Hivet and Lagadec technique of digital dilatation, in place of gastric drainage pyloroplasty. The procedure is simple, effective and easily reproducible. It only requires a rubber sheathed clamp to crush the anterior part of the pyloric annulus; the pyloroclasia is then confirmed by digital exploration. This technique has been used regularly without any per-operative problem and post-operative complications ascribable to pyloroclasia. The long-term results have been satisfactory with complete absence of gastric stasis or biliary reflux. When performed, post-operative radiography and fibroscopy have shown adequate gastric emptying and little changes in pyloric morphology. Pyloroclasia is simpler and less septic than pyloroplasty, and it reduces the incidence of dumping syndrome. Pyloroclasia with a rubber sheathed clamp is simpler and more reproducible than digital pyloroclasia. In view of its regularly good results it can certainly be recommended.

Constriction↗