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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Bacteriological and serological studies on Pasteurella multocida infection in rabbits.

Bacteriological and serological examinations were made on Pasteurella multocida infection in two rabbit-breeding colonies. The organism was localized in the paranasal sinuses of 53 of 54 infected rabbits, excreting to the external nares of 49 rabbits. It was also isolated from the trachea and middle and inner ear of half of the infected animals and occasionally from the conjunctiva, lung and heart. The infection rate of the organism was very low (4.3%) in sucklings younger than a month old, but increased with advancing age, reaching nearly 100% in adults more than five months of age. A rapid increase of the infection rate was observed at two to three months of age. Serum antibody against somatic antigen of P. multocida was demonstrated in infected rabbits by use of the tube agglutination test, showing a close correlation with isolation of the organism in adults. Sucklings younger than one month of age from infected dams were significantly resistant to experimental nasal infection of P. multocida.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Meningoencephalitis due to Pasteurella multocida: clinico-laboratory study of a case in an infant].

The authors report a case of Pasteurella multocida meningoencephalitis in a 5 week-old female infant, with special attention to clinical, laboratory and evolutive features. A moderate neurological sequel was observed at follow-up examinations. A brief review of the importance of P. multocida in human pathology is presented on the basis of the international literature, since the authors did not find any Brazilian reports. The most important feature on P. multocida is the prevalence of bacterial meningitis at the extremes of age. Otherwise, significant mistaken was found between Gram stained smears of body fluids for P. multocida and Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitidis. Because its role in infections following animal bite or scratch and its opportunistic feature, P. multocida must be included among the possible etiologic agent of bacteremia or sepsis in patients with liver cirrhosis or immunosuppression.

Deafness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction for identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1.

A serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detection and identification of Pasteurella multocida serotype 1, the causative agent of avian cholera in wild waterfowl. Arbitrarily primed PCR was used to detect DNA fragments that distinguish serotype 1 from the other 15 serotypes of P. multocida (with the exception of serotype 14). Oligonucleotide primers were constructed from these sequences, and a PCR assay was optimized and evaluated. PCR reactions consistently resulted in amplification products with reference strains 1 and 14 and all other serotype 1 strains tested, with cell numbers as low as 2.3 cells/ml. No amplification products were produced with other P. multocida serotypes or any other bacterial species tested. To compare the sensitivity and further test the specificity of this PCR assay with traditional culturing and serotyping techniques, tissue samples from 84 Pekin ducks inoculated with field strains of P. multocida and 54 wild lesser snow geese collected during an avian cholera outbreak were provided by other investigators working on avian cholera. PCR was as sensitive (58/64) as routine isolation (52/64) in detecting and identifying P. multocida serotype 1 from the livers of inoculated Pekins that became sick or died from avian cholera. No product was amplified from tissues of 20 other Pekin ducks that received serotypes other than type 1 (serotype 3, 12 x 3, or 10) or 12 control birds. Of the 54 snow geese necropsied and tested for P. multocida, our PCR detected and identified the bacteria from 44 compared with 45 by direct isolation. The serotype-specific PCR we developed was much faster and less labor intensive than traditional culturing and serotyping procedures and could result in diagnosis of serotype 1 pasteurellosis within 24 hr of specimen submission.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the effect of heating an oil-emulsion Pasteurella multocida bacterin on tissue reaction and immunity.

Killed vaccines in oil emulsions are critical components of breeder and layer vaccination programs. Current vaccination sites are limited, and each has inherent problems. Oil emulsion vaccines are associated with increased condemnations of spent fowl when vaccines are injected intramuscularly into the breast. In an attempt to reduce tissue reaction when injected into the breast muscle, a commercially available Pasteurella multocida bacterin was heated to 41 C (100 F) for 5 hr prior to administration. A second treatment group was injected with the same bacterin at room temperature, 25 C. The vaccine was injected into the breast muscle at 10 and 18 wk of age into white Leghorn hens. Seroconversion was evaluated using P. multocida enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 10, 18, and 24 wk. Treatment and control groups were euthanized and lesions scored at 24 wk of age. One replicate was challenged with type 1 P. multocida at 24 wk of age. Lesion scores for the heated vaccine group were significantly lower than the room temperature vaccine. ELISA titers were not significantly different at 24 wk between the two treatment group; however, a significant rise in antibody titer was observed at 18 wk in the group that was injected with the heated vaccine. Survivability to challenge was improved in birds injected with the heated vaccine. Results suggest that heating of a P. multocida bacterin reduces local tissue reaction without having a deleterious effect on immunity as measured by ELISA and challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Pasteurella multocida infection in heterophil-depleted chickens.

The present study was aimed at elucidating the role of heterophil granulocytes during the initial infection with Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida in chickens. Chickens (17 and 19 wk old) were depleted of their heterophil granulocytes by 5-fluorouracil treatment. When the heterophil blood counts were significantly reduced, the birds were inoculated intratracheally with 1.8-4.3 x 10(4) colony-forming units of P. multocida. Twelve, 24, or 48 hr postinoculation, the birds were euthanatized and examined for macroscopic and histologic lesions in the lungs. Bacterial invasion was determined by culture of P. multocida from the spleen. Recruitment of heterophils into the respiratory tract during infection was found to contribute considerably to the lung lesions in chickens and was found to mediate tissue damage, possibly allowing a more rapid systemic spread of P. multocida. However, during progression of the infection, the heterophil-mediated necrosis in chickens seemed to stimulate giant cell demarcation of infected lung tissue, which coincided with the clearance of P. multocida from the spleen, thus hampering further invasion. Consequently, heterophil activation plays a dual role for the outcome of a P. multocida infection in chickens, where it initially seems to promote invasion and systemic spread but subsequently helps limit the infection by giant cell formation and bacterial clearance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular characterization of plasmids with antimicrobial resistant genes in avian isolates of Pasteurella multocida.

The complete nucleotide sequences of two plasmids from avian isolates of Pasteurella multocida that caused outbreaks of fowl cholera in Taiwan were determined. The entire sequences of the two plasmids, designated as pJR1 and pJR2, were 6792 bp and 5252 bp. Sequence analysis showed that the plasmid pJR1 contained six major genes: the first gene (sulII) encoded a type II sulfonamide resistant dihydropteroate synthase, the second gene (tetG) encoded a tetracycline resistance protein, the third gene (catB2) encoded a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, the fourth gene (rep) encoded a replication protein, and the fifth and sixth genes (mbeCy and deltambeAy) encoded proteins involved in the mobilization of plasmid. The plasmid pJR2 contained five major genes: the first gene (deltaintI1) encoded a truncated form of a type I integrase, the second gene (aadA1) encoded an aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase that confers resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin, the third gene (blaP1) encoded a beta-lactamase that confers resistance to ampicillin and carbenicillin, and the fourth and fifth genes might encode proteins involved in the plasmid replication or segregation. Sequence comparisons showed that the antibiotic resistance genes found in pJR1 and pJR2 exhibited a high degree of sequence homology to the corresponding genes found in a great variety of gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium DT104, Psedomonas spp., P. multocida, Mannheimia spp., and Actinobacills pleuropneumoniae, which suggests that these resistance genes were disseminated in these bacteria. Although sulII and tetG genes were found previously in P. multocida or Mannheimia spp., this is the first report on the presence of catB2, aadA1, and blaP1 genes in bacteria of the family Pasturellaceae. Moreover, the aadA1 and blaP1 genes found in pJR2 were organized into an integron structure, which is a site-specific recombination system capable of capturing and mobilizing antibiotic resistance genes. This is also the first report on the presence of an integron in bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae. The presence of a P. multocida integron might facilitate the spreading of antibiotic resistance genes between P. multocida and other gram-negative bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of three oil-adjuvant vaccines against Pasteurella multocida in buffalo calves.

Three oil-adjuvant vaccines of Pasteurella multocida 6:B were evaluated with respect to the level and duration of the humoral immune response produced in buffalo calves. Preparation 1 was a water-in-oil emulsion containing Marcol 52, Montanide 888 and antigen at a ratio of 6:1:3. Preparation 2 was a double emulsion containing Marcol 52, Arlacel A and Tween 80 in addition to antigen. Preparation 3 contained alpha-d-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E), Montanide 888 and antigen. All three preparations induced a similar sustained immune response in buffalo calves beyond 270 days post-vaccination.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1980

A unique outbreak of Pasteurella multocida in a chronic disease hospital.

An outbreak of Pasteurella multocida infection, involving seven patients on two adjacent wards, has been observed. All seven patients were debilitated and had underlying chronic neuromuscular and/or pulmonary disease and had a tracheostomy tube in situ. The isolates of P. multocida were of the same biotype and serotype, and had an identical antibiogram. Epidemiological studies failed to determine the source of these infections.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Chronic lung abscess with Pasteurella multocida infection.

We report a patient with chronic lung abscess due to Pasteurella multocida infection that may be caused by the contact with cows in his workplace. Despite its apparent rarity, chronic abscess due to P. multocida should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary masses. This case report suggests that P. multocida infection can be potentially caused from saliva of cows as well as dogs or cats.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed2000

Single primer polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting for Pasteurella multocida isolates from laboratory rabbits.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting technique for discriminating among Pasteurella multocida isolates from laboratory rabbits. SAMPLE POPULATION: 33 P multocida isolates from rabbits with clinical pasteurellosis. PROCEDURE: PCR assays were conducted with 2 minisatellites (core sequence and modified core sequence of phage M13) and 2 microsatellites ([GTG]5 and [GACA]4). Each bacterium was assigned to a PCR type for each of the primers used. Boiled bacterial extracts and purified genomic DNA were compared by use of PCR assays for phage M13 and (GACA)4. Plasmids were isolated from each bacterium, and their influence on PCR fingerprint was determined, using boiled extracts as a DNA source. RESULTS: M13 core sequence and M13 modified core sequence yielded 5 and 8 PCR types, respectively. The microsatellites (GTG)5 and (GACA)4 yielded 4 and 9 PCR fingerprint types, respectively. Fingerprint patterns obtained by use of isolated DNA differed from those obtained by use of boiled extracts, although discrimination among P multocida isolates was similar. The presence or absence of plasmids did not affect PCR fingerprints. CONCLUSION: Single primer PCR fingerprinting with minisatellite and microsatellite primers is an efficient and reproducible method for the discrimination of P multocida isolates from rabbits and can be performed directly, using boiled bacterial extracts as a source of template, although more bands were obtained from pure genomic DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Intranasal vaccination of rabbits with Pasteurella multocida A:3 outer membranes that express iron-regulated proteins.

OBJECTIVE: To determine efficacy of intranasal vaccination of rabbits with Pasteurella multocida A:3 outer membrane proteins (OMP) expressing iron-regulated OMP (IROMP) in conferring protection against experimental challenge exposure. ANIMALS: 52 male New Zealand White rabbits. PROCEDURE: Rabbits were vaccinated intranasally on days 0, 7, and 14; some vaccines included cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant. Concentrations of intranasal IgA and serum IgG antibodies against P multocida OMP were determined. In experiment A, rabbits were vaccinated with either phospate-buffered saline solution (PBSS), PBSS-CT, OMP-CT, or IROMP-CT, challenge-exposed intranasally on day 16, and euthanatized and necropsied on day 28. Rabbits were also vaccinated with OMP or IROMP without CT and were not challenge-exposed. In experiment B, rabbits were vaccinated with PBSS, PBSS-CT, IROMP, or IROMP-CT. On day 17, rabbits were challenge-exposed intranasally. Nasal bacteria and antibodies were determined on day 24. RESULTS: In experiment A, OMP-CT vaccination stimulated mucosal and systemic antibody responses to the bacterium and enhanced resistance against challenge exposure. Intranasal bacterial counts were not significantly reduced. Vaccination with IROMP-CT stimulated mucosal and systemic antibodies, enhanced resistance to challenge exposure, and significantly reduced nasal bacterial counts. In experiment B, natural infection was detected in several rabbits at challenge exposure; however, IROMP-CT-vaccinated rabbits had significantly higher serum and nasal antibody responses, compared with other rabbits IROMP-CT-vaccinated rabbits had significantly lower nasal bacterial counts compared to control rabbits. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Intranasal vaccination of rabbits with P multocida outer membranes containing IROMP and CT stimulated immunity against experimental pneumonic pasteurellosis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2005

Correlation of results of pulmonary computed tomography and pathologic findings in mice with Pasteurella-induced pneumonia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine correlation between results of computed tomography (CT) versus pathologic examination for determining the volume percentage of affected lung in mice experimentally infected with Pasteurella pneumotropica. ANIMALS: 30 adult mice. PROCEDURE: After helical CT scans on day 0, mice were inoculated intranasally with P. pneumotropica. Repeat CT scans were performed on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 13. Regions of interest (affected areas) were manually drawn on the CT images, and percentage volume of normal lung was calculated by use of 3 methods: first-day volume, largest volume, and last-day volume. Three mice were euthanatized for pathologic evaluation after each scan day. The lungs were examined with a dissection microscope, and lesion scores were assigned on the basis of percentage volume of pneumonia. Correlation coefficients comparing results of the 3 CT methods with results of gross examination were calculated. RESULTS: Lung abnormalities were detected via dissection microscopy by postinfection day 2 and via CT by days 2 or 3. Correlation coefficients for the 3 CT methods of analysis, compared with pathologic findings, were 0.7 via first-day lung volume, 0.8 via largest lung volume, and 0.8 via last-day lung volume. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of CT correlated well with results of dissection microscopy for estimating percentage volume of lung affected by pneumonia in mice experimentally infected with P. pneumotropica. This method may be useful for longitudinal studies of pneumonia in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Pasteurella multocida chorioamnionitis from vaginal transmission.

A 21 year old primigravida with a twin pregnancy developed Pasteurella multocida chorioamnionitis. Infection occurred at 27 weeks gestational age after prolonged rupture of membranes. The twin in the separate sac presenting proximal to the cervix suffered infection and died shortly after birth whereas the other twin was not infected. The bacterium is believed to have caused ascending infection from asymptomatic colonization of the vaginal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Specific antibody response to Pasteurella multocida.

Six patients with culturally proven Pasteurella multocida infection were evaluated serologically. The infections were 1 foot abscess, 1 septicemia, 3 bronchitis and 1 bronchopneumonia. Most of them were elderly women closely exposed to pets or domestic animals. The serotypes of the strains were determined in 5 cases (3 A3, 2 A7). Specific antibodies against capsular and somatic antigens of P. multocida were determined by indirect hemagglutination and agglutination respectively. The antibodies were strictly directed against the capsular and somatic specificities of the isolated strain. The range of the serum antibody titers were 20 to 2,560 to capsular antigens and 5 to 640 to somatic antigens within 2 weeks after the first clinical signs of infection. Several months after successful treatment, the capsular antibodies were lower while the somatic antibodies had almost disappeared. These findings suggest a good sensitivity for these serologic methods in active cases. Declining antibody titers follow healing. Cross-reactivity of the serologic tests with other bacteria was not observed. Serologic diagnosis of P. multocida infections is a possible alternative to direct diagnosis when cultures are negative or when unusual localizations must be confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Severe Pasteurella multocida infections in pregnant women.

We report 2 cases of severe infections due to Pasteurella multocida, both occurring during pregnancy in previously healthy women. Both women had contact with animals (dog and cat) but neither of them had been bitten. Apart from a slight decrease in IgG levels, no immunological defects could be detected. Both women had received oral phenoxymethylpenicillin in the early phase of the disease, but still fell ill with severe infections. One woman had meningitis while the other suffered from cellulitis with deep abscess formation.

Abscess↗
PubMed1996

Pasteurella aerogenes isolated from ulcers or wounds in humans with occupational exposure to pigs: a report of 7 Danish cases.

Pasteurella aerogenes is rarely isolated from human specimens. The species is found in the digestive tract of pigs. From 1976 to 1994 7 strains were cultured in Denmark from wounds or ulcers. Five patients were bitten by pigs and 2 patients with ulcers were employed in pig farming. A mixture of bacterial species was often found. All 7 strains of P. aerogenes were susceptible to ampicillin, cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin. Ability to hydrolyse urea, to produce oxidase and catalase, to decarboxylate ornithine and to produce gas from glucose and inability to produce indole was characteristic for P. aerogenes. Most bite wounds were located on the lower lateral part of the thigh. Foul smelling pus and abscess formation was the rule. Incision, drainage and antibiotic treatment were usually necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Endocarditis caused by Pasteurella multocida.

A 51-year-old previously healthy man developed endocarditis with low grade fever, aortic insufficiently and multiple arterial emboli. An atypical strain of Pasteurella multocida was isolated from each of 3 consecutive blood cultures. Protracted treatment with high doses of penicillin G was necessary to eradicate the infection. Following resection of the damaged aortic valves and implantation of a valve prosthesis, the patient recovered. P. multocida should be regarded as one of the possible causes of subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Aortic Valve↗