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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Limited mouth opening, xerostomia and extensive caries after nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

This report describes a 19 year old trainee with a history of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), a rare malignancy with distinct epidemiological, histopathological and clinical characteristics. During a screening for dental status, the soldier presented a limited mouth opening (25 mm), xerostomia, and extensive caries. Despite his resistance, he was referred to the TMJ unit in order to examine the reason for the limited mouth opening. During the anamnesis it was revealed that he suffered from NPC and was treated using chemotherapy and radiation therapy 6 month prior to the examination. This case emphasizes the importance of a thorough anamnesis and examination in order to discover such phenomenon, since withholding medical information is a well known phenomenon, especially among recruits and young soldiers. Unusual findings such as limited mouth opening, xerostomia and extensive caries, should be further examined. In this case a specialist's opinion is prompt, and until the definitive answer, treatment should be restricted to palliative dental treatment only, excluding any surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Partial- or full-mouth examination assessing the dental and prosthetic status among elderly individuals.

The aim of this study was to determine whether half-mouth examinations accurately reflect the dental and prosthetic status of the entire mouth. Samples of 1,830 adults aged 55- 79 years were examined. The rate of agreement between half- and full-mouth examinations was estimated using weighted and unweighted Kappa values comparing findings of each tooth bilaterally. A power analysis was performed to estimate the number of subjects representing complete dental recordings within a certain power. Subjects showed unweighted Kappa values from 0.34-0.96. Weighted Kappa values ranged from 0. 74-0.99. A power analysis for unweighted Kappa scores computed that.findings from 122-335 individuals were necessary to equal the results obtained using complete dental recordings.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Motor variables correlated with the hand-to-mouth maneuver in stroke patients.

This study investigated the relationship between each of three independent variables and the completion of the hand-to-mouth maneuver in 23 hemiparetic stroke patients. The independent variables were elbow-extensor muscle tone (graded using the Modified Ashworth Scale); active elbow-flexion range-of-motion deficit measured without the influence of gravity; and elbow-flexion strength measured without the influence of gravity with a hand-held dynamometer. The hand-to-mouth maneuver was graded according to the degree of completion using a three-level ordinal scale. Spearman (rs) correlations demonstrated a significant relationship between the extent of completion of the hand-to-mouth maneuver and both the active elbow-flexion-range deficit (rs = -.853) and the elbow-flexor muscle force (rs = .829). The correlation of the maneuver with elbow-extensor muscle tone (rs = -.063) was not significant, but the relationship may have been influenced by the fact that only a minority of subjects had elevated tone, and that elevation was minimal. The result suggest that both active-movement deficits and muscle strength may be important to upper extremity function.

Arm↗
PubMed1977

Interferon inducers and foot-and-mouth disease vaccines: influence of two synthetic polynucleotides on antibody response and immunity in guinea pigs and swine.

Polyriboadenylic-polybouridylic acid enhanced the immunological response of guinea pigs to aqueous foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine. Polyriboninosinic-polyribocytidylic acid enhanced the early antibody production of swine to oil emulsified foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine. Polyriboninosinic-polyribocytidylic acid alone did not stimulate resistance to foot-and-mouth disease in swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Preliminary study of the combination of anti-foot-and-mouth disease and anti-brucellosis vaccines].

The results obtained with Brucella B19 strain, used as adjuvant and stimulant in the preparation of hyperimmune anti-foot-and-mouth disease serums on guinea pigs, have led the authors to carry out a series of experiments with a combined anti-foot-and-mouth disease and anti-brucellosis vaccine (strain B 19 Buck and Cotton). The search for neutralizing antibodies for foot-and-mouth disease has been undertaken by different methods. In the search for antibrucellic antibodies reactions such as seroagglutination, fixation of the complement, etc. have been used. The results obtained with combined vaccine are identical with those obtained with each of the monovalent vaccines.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Dry mouth: diagnosing and treating its multiple causes.

Dry mouth in the elderly is a common occurrence with multiple etiologies. It is not a normal phenomenon of aging and, therefore, an attempt at elucidating its cause should be made. Sjögren's syndrome may occur, and it is diagnosed by labial biopsy. Medications are also frequently associated with dry mouth, and dosages may need to be adjusted or the drug discontinued if symptoms are severe. Strategies for management of dry mouth are explored.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of hormones on the susceptibility of the swine cell line IB-RS-2 to foot-and-mouth disease virus].

The actions of hydrocortisone and insulin on the multiplication of foot-and-mouth disease virus were studied. The data obtained showed that the infectivity and the synthesis of the virus nucleic acid as evaluated through the plaque assay method and the kinetics of Uridine-3H incorporation were increased or decreased by hydrocortisone (2 x 10(-6) M). The induction of both effects seems to be related to the carbohydrate metabolism: when the maintenance medium contained glucose or glucose plus calf serum there was an inhibition on virus multiplication and no effect was observed in the absence of both serum and glucose. This was found both when the hormone was added to the cell culture 24 hours before infection as well as when it was added immediately or thirty minutes after virus adsorption. The possibility that these effects could be related to the synthesis of viral RNA-polimerase is discussed. Insulin (50 ng/ml) did not induce any effect on foot-and-mouth disease virus multiplication. However this hormone antagonized the action of hydrocortisone on the infectivity and on the synthesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus nucleic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Mouth-to-cecum transit time in patients affected by chronic constipation: effect of glucomannan.

Mouth-to-cecum transit time was studied in 13 patients affected by chronic idiopathic constipation and 18 control subjects matched with the constipation group for age, sex, and dietary habits. In a preliminary investigation, all patients showed a prolonged whole gut (oroanal) transit time as measured with radiopaque markers. Mouth-to-cecum transit time was studied through the serial determination of breath H2 after administration of 12 g lactulose diluted in 120 ml water. Breath H2 was measured with a gas analyzer and was determined in parts per million (ppm). Breath H2 after lactulose was also determined in the group with constipation after a 10-day diet that included either glucomannan (1 g tid orally) or placebo administered in a double-blind manner. The results show a statistically significant increase in mouth-to-cecum transit time in the group with constipation, compared with controls, and a return to within the normal range after the 10-day treatment with glucomannan. With placebo, no difference in transit time was noted. We therefore suggest that chronic idiopathic constipation is a disease that involves the whole gut.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical and haematological evidence of endotoxic shock in gnotobiotic lambs with watery mouth disease.

Eight gnotobiotic lambs deprived of colostrum were infected by mouth when two hours old with nonenterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. All developed clinical signs of watery mouth disease and seven died within 24 hours. The mean concentrations of several blood constituents were determined in samples taken at intervals until 24 hours after infection in infected lambs and in four control lambs. The biochemical and haematological changes observed in the lambs developing watery mouth disease were those characteristic of endotoxic shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Use of the radial immunodiffusion test in the study of foot-and-mouth disease viruses].

The radial immunodiffusion test (RIT) was used in the study of the quantitative interrelations between three subtypes of type A of the foot-and-mouth disease virus--A5, A10, and A22. A reverse proportional correlation was demonstrated between the size of the precipitation circles and the antibody concentration in the homologous sera, and a direct proportional correlation between the diameter of the circles and the amount of the antigen used. It was shown that one and the same antigen produced precipitation circles of a different size with several series of homologous hyperimmune serum, depending on the content of antibodies in these sera. It was found in experiments with early sera obtained on the 7th day of a foot-and-mouth disease infection in guinea pigs as well as in investigations with antiserum 140 S of the foot-and-mouth disease virus A5 that the early and 140 S sera used in RIT had higher specificity as against the hyperimmune sera. Stated is the necessity of checking the specificity of the early sera, which often reveals antibodies of the 7 S class.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Sensitivity of seven different types of cell cultures to three serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus.

The ability of bovine tongue origin foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O and C to replicate in seven different types of cell cultures was studied. Primary and secondary calf thyroid cells were equivalent in susceptibility to bovine kidney cell cultures passaged up to five times. Calf thyroid cells lost their susceptibility after two passages. Cryopreserved bovine kidney cell cultures passaged three and four times were equivalent in susceptibility to sensitive calf thyroid and bovine kidney cells. Susceptibility to foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype C was most variable among the cells tested. Lamb testicle and porcine kidney cells were susceptible to foot-and-mouth disease virus while goat and calf testicle and calf lung cells were refractory.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effective mouth care for head and neck radiation therapy patients.

The American Cancer Society (1994) estimated that 42,100 people were diagnosed with head and neck cancers in 1994. The purpose of this article is to provide information regarding incidence and survival rates and to discuss risk factors and high-risk behaviors associated with head and neck cancer. The author reviews basic oral anatomy, radiobiology, and current research related to mouth care and symptom management. Innovative measures that can be used by both health care professionals and patients to reduce mouth problems caused by radiation therapy, and professional recommendations for mouth care are included.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cine MRI of the TMJ: need for initial closed mouth images without the Burnett device.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Burnett device when studying functional and morphologic aspects of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with cine MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A patient with clicks in the TMJ cycle was studied with dynamic cine MRI both prior to the placement of the Burnett device and with the Burnett device in position. RESULTS: Review of MRI revealed clear anterior displacement of the disk in relation to the condylar head in true closed mouth position without the Burnett device in place. CONCLUSION: Closed mouth off-sagittal imaging of the disk in the closed mouth position should be included prior to appliance placement to detect anterior displacements with very early recapture.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Analysis of fenoterol efficacy given as an aerosol using various mouth pieces].

The effect of different mouth pieces on efficacy of fenoterol was studied in 40 patients with atopic and non-atopic bronchial asthma with reversible bronchial constriction. Four devices were studied: standard MDI unit, MDI unit with Boehringer and Astra mouth pieces, MDI unit with spacer. PEF values were registered 7 hours following inhalation. Statistical differences were not significant within the whole group. In selected older patients (above 60 years of age) spacer and Astra mouth pieces produced significant changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Medication and perception of dry mouth in a population of institutionalised elderly people.

AIM: (1) To estimate the prevalence of use of different medication categories; (2) to estimate the prevalence of xerostomia (dry mouth); and (3) to estimate the effects of xerostomic medication upon perceived dry mouth among institutionalised elderly people. SUBJECTS: A two-stage stratified random sample of three hundred and fifty-nine people aged 65 to 102 living in rest homes and geriatric hospitals in the Manawatu and Horowhenua districts. METHOD: Subjects were interviewed and dentally examined at their place of residence. Medication was noted from institutional records, and subjects' experiences of xerostomia were explored using the question "how often does your mouth feel dry?" RESULTS: The sample was found to be highly medicated, with a mean 3.6 different drugs per individual, and only 10% not taking any medication. Psychotherapeutics (42.3%), analgesics (32.9%), diuretics (31.2%) and laxatives (23.4%) were the most common drug categories. Of the 284 subjects who were able to answer, only those who were taking anticholinergic medication reported a higher prevalence of xerostomia. CONCLUSIONS: Institution-dwelling elderly people are a highly-medicated group. There is an increased risk of unwanted oral side-effects with certain drugs, and it is recommended that this is borne in mind when prescribing for elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of a hypoiodite mouth-wash on dental plaque formation in vivo.

This study describes an in vivo inhibition of dental plaque growth after peroxidase-generated hypoiodite (OI-) mouth-washes. After giving up all other usual hygiene procedures nine healthy volunteers washed their mouth using 10 ml of the mouth-wash [H2O2 (0.005%), KI (50 mM) and lactoperoxidase (0.04%)] three times a day for 1 minute for 3 days. The initial oxidation power of this mixture represented 430 +/- 11 microM oxidised cysteine (n = 6), dropping down to 87 +/- 6 microM after the solution was spat out (n = 5). A saline solution served as a negative control, and a 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution as a positive control. Proximal dental plaque between mandibular canine and lateral incisor (left and right) was collected after 3 days using standardized sterile toothpicks, then analysed for ATP and protein content. ATP concentrations dropped to 49% of the control values after OI- rinsing, and to 9% after chlorhexidine rinsing while the protein content dropped to 48% for OI- versus 31% for chlorhexidine. However, when considering the ATP content per protein micrograms, only the decrease to 6% of the initial value in the chlorhexidine testing was significant while the drop to 81% for the OI- testings was not significant. This study points out a negative effect of OI- on plaque growth in vivo.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

[Hand-mouth coordination in the low-risk preterm infants in preterm period].

The spontaneous motor activity of 20 low-risk preterm babies was filmed and their arm and hand movements were subjected to a comparative analysis of the interrelation between hand, head, eye and mouth movements. This analysis revealed that preterm babies can move the hand to mouth directly and the mouth and eye were open in 'anticipation' of arrival of the hand. This movement was associated with ipsilateral head orientation. This little-known coordination may have an important implication for the theory of intersensorimotor relation and for the origin of intentionality.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Bacterial synthesis of immunogenic epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus fused either to human necrosis factor or to hepatitis B core antigen].

Using recombinant DNA technology, construction and bacterial expression of genes was carried out which code for hybrid proteins, human tumor necrosis factor and hepatitis B core protein fused to immunogenic epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus, strains A22 and O1-194. Hybrids of tumor necrosis factor with foot-and-mouth disease antigenic determinants protected laboratory animals against the experimental challenge with a homologous strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Hybrid protein that contained immunogenic regions of two strains, A22 and O1-194, protected animals against infection with both A and O serotypes. Hybrid proteins based on hepatitis B virus core antigen retained the ability to assemble into core-like particles.

Animals↗