Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “INTUBATION, GASTROINTESTINAL”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Method of intestinal decompression in treating functional intestinal obstruction].

The authors present an analysis of 149 cases of total decompression of the gastrointestinal tract in grave forms of functional intestinal obstruction accompanying peritonitis and acute intestinal obstruction. Special intestinal sounds made of polychlorovinyl were employed, that facilitates considerably the technic of intubation of the bowel as a whole. The authors data evidence that each method of intubation (transnasal, through gastro-or ileostome, etc) has its positive and negative aspects, therefore a selection of the site for introducing the sound should be conditioned by patient's age, the type of pathology and duration of the intubation procedure.

Decompression↗
PubMed2003

A novel method for insertion of post-pyloric feeding tubes at the bedside without endoscopic or fluoroscopic assistance: a prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess a novel method, adapted from already published literature, for bedside placement of nasojejunal feeding tubes using erythromycin, air insufflation of the stomach and continuous ECG guidance. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study in a tertiary teaching hospital. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: 40 consecutive patients who required enteral nutrition and mechanical ventilation for at least 48 h. INTERVENTIONS: Erythromycin (200 mg) was administered intravenously 30 min prior to the insertion of the feeding tube. The post-pyloric feeding tube was then inserted into the stomach and 500 ml air insufflated. Stomach ECG was performed, and during further insertion of the tube the QRS complex was continuously monitored for a change in polarity, suggesting passage across the midline through the pylorus. At the end of the procedure aspirate was obtained from the feeding tube and checked for alkaline pH. Exact tube position was determined by abdominal radiography. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In 88% of cases the feeding tubes were post-pyloric, with a median time to insertion of 15 min (range 7-75). No major complications were seen in 52 attempts. Change in QRS polarity had 94% sensitivity in predicting post-pyloric tip placement. Of the 32 alkaline pH aspirates 31 were post-pyloric. CONCLUSIONS: This procedure is safe, effective and could be performed in a short time period within the confines of the intensive care unit without endoscopic assistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Systemic mercury intoxication following rupture of a Miller-Abbott tube.

Following rupture of a Miller-Abbott tube mercury bag a 39-year old woman, postoperative for resection of the right colon for diverticulosis and diverticulitis, developed signs and symptoms of systemic mercury intoxication. A small bowel fistula allowed the metallic mercury to aggregate in retroperitoneal tissues setting up an environment which was conductive to conversion of metallic mercury to divalent mercury, an absorbable product. Analysis of brain, kidney and urine following her demise showed markedly elevated mercury levels. To our knowledge this is the only reported case of such a complication. Clinicians should be wary of elemental mercury in the gastrointestinal tract in patients with suspected or proven enteric fistulas.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Oral administration of the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B induces activation and cytokine production by T cells in murine gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

The toxicity of the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) has been linked to the activation of large numbers of T cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. Because the primary manifestations of foodborne enterotoxic poisoning are associated with the gastrointestinal tract, we have compared the responses of T cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and in the periphery to intragastric (i.g.) and i.p. administration of SEB. Intraperitoneal SEB results in an early expansion of peripheral Vbeta8+ T cells and Th1 cytokine secretion followed by deletion at 7-10 days. We found that i.g. SEB rapidly (within 4 h) leads to the expansion and activation of Vbeta8+ T cells in the Peyer's patch and mesenteric lymph nodes. Analysis of cytokine mRNA in purified Vbeta8+ T cells by competitive RT-PCR showed that, 4 h after i.g. SEB, the induction of mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-gamma is about 10-fold greater in mucosal than in peripheral lymphoid tissue. Our results show that activated mucosal T cells expand and up-regulate cytokine mRNA in response to luminal exposure to SEB, suggesting a role for the gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the gastrointestinal manifestations of enterotoxic poisoning.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Gastrointestinal absorption of sulpiride in rat.

A two-compartment model could be used to describe the elimination of sulpiride from plasma after intravenous administration of 25 and 50 mg/kg doses to rat. The absolute bioavailability after oral administration was only about 15% which was also the level after intraduodenal administration. Higher bioavailabilities were found after mesenteric venous and intravenous administration (sham-operated rat) due to a decrease in the beta-value (elimination rate constant). The low bioavailability of sulpiride following oral administration was concluded to result, not from metabolism in the liver, but from reduced absorption by the gastrointestinal tract.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Preemptive gastrointestinal tract management reduces aspiration and respiratory failure after thoracic operations.

OBJECTIVES: Respiratory failure is the major mode of death after general thoracic operations. However, respiratory failure may develop from two very different mechanisms: aspiration, often caused by ileus, and pneumonia, which often results from poor pain control. Epidural catheters help control pain and prevent pneumonia but contribute to ileus and may increase aspiration. We report a decrease in the incidence of aspiration after changing postoperative care to include gastrointestinal tract management. METHODS: All patients undergoing elective thoracotomy by a single surgeon were evaluated for hospital mortality and morbidity. For the first 21 months, patients did not receive an intraoperative nasogastric tube and were prescribed an "advance as tolerated" diet after the operation (n = 125). For the second period, nasogastric tubes were placed intraoperatively and patients received nothing by mouth the day of operation, clear liquids the first day, and a regular diet the second day (n = 153). Pneumonia was considered to have developed if infiltrates developed in a single lobe or two adjoining lobes and culture of the sputa grew a dominant organism. Patients were considered to have aspirated if diffuse infiltrates developed or cultures grew multiple organisms. Significance of results was determined by chi(2) testing. RESULTS: A total of 278 patients underwent elective lung resection over a 3(1/2)-year period, 125 with ad libitum dietary management and 153 with intensive management of the gastrointestinal tract. Six patients (4.84%) aspirated before the institution of gastrointestinal tract management, whereas none (0.0%) aspirated after the change. This difference was significant (P =.01). Respiratory mortality was eliminated in the group with gastrointestinal tract management (P =.04). CONCLUSIONS: Aspiration and its subsequent respiratory failure and mortality can be decreased with preemptive gastrointestinal tract management.

Diet↗
PubMed1984

Tolerance induction in tumor-specific effector T cells by presensitization with tumor antigens via the intragastric route.

The present study deals with the influence of presensitization with tumor antigens via the intragastric route on the development of syngeneic tumor-specific immunity. Tumor-specific T cell-mediated immunity could be induced in C3H/He mice by intradermal inoculation of syngeneic X5563 tumor cells, followed by the surgical resection of the tumor 7 days later (immunization procedure). However, when the mice were presensitized intragastrically (ig) with 10(8) X-irradiated (10,000 R) tumor cells for four consecutive days, these mice failed to show in vivo protective immunity even after the above immunization procedure. Winn assays performed with spleen cells from mice presensitized ig with X5563 tumor cells revealed that ig-induced suppression was specific for the tumor antigen used for the presensitization, and that suppressor cell activity was not detected in the induction or implementation of in vivo tumor-specific effector cell activity. It was also demonstrated that such unresponsiveness was accompanied by failure to develop delayed-type hypersensitivity and cytotoxic T cell responses to X5563 tumor antigens. These results are discussed in the light of the effect of presensitization with tumor antigens via inappropriate routes on the subsequent induction of in vivo tumor-specific immunity and in relation to the tumor escape mechanism which could occur in gastrointestinal cancers.

Animals↗