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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Bacterial skin infections: management of common streptococcal and stapylococcal lesions.

Skin infection occurs in any age-group, sex, and race but is particularly common in children. It is usually minor, but may indicate underlying systemic disease or may lead to systemic infection. Streptococci and staphylococci are common causes. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci account for the majority of streptococcal infections in man. Infection most often involves the lower extremities and produces spreading erythema and necrosis but little purulence. Staphylococcal infections most commonly involve the face, the hair follicles and eccrine sweat ducts being the initial sites. Lesions appear as bullae and pustules with a narrow rim of erythema. Intense cellulitis surrounding the lesions usually points to a virulent, penicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus. Treatment of both types of infection consists of cleansing with antibacterial agents, removal of crusts, application of warm compresses, and use of topical or systemic antibiotics, depending on the severity of the infection and the type of pyoderma involved.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

Managing skin infections in children.

Because neonates and very young children have little or no immunity to common streptococci and staphylococci, skin infections caused by these organisms must be regarded warily. Prompt and proper treatment may be critical in preventing progression of the lesions and averting systemic complications.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Common bacterial skin infections. Diagnostic clues and therapeutic options.

Prompt, accurate characterization of skin infections can help avoid serious, more invasive complications. With appropriate empirical therapy, treatment failure can be prevented. The authors of this article discuss several common skin infections, including bite wound infections, and recommend various drug regimens to consider when planning initial therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1970

Studies of the relationship between the production of bacteriocines by group A streptococci and acute glomerulonephritis.

The previously reported relationship between nephritogenicity and bacteriocine production among Group A streptococci has been examined. Using techniques comparable to the earlier study, the present study did not reveal any such relationship. Among 73 strains tested, 53% produced bacteriocines; no significant difference was noted between bacteriocines from strains isolated from cases of nephritis and those from a group of strains recovered from patients with other conditions. In addition, no correlation between type and bacteriocine production was observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Spread of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST80-IV clone in a Danish community.

OBJECTIVE: We report a community cluster of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Denmark with emphasis on routes of transmission and infection control measures. The objective is to extend knowledge of MRSA in a community setting where a nosocomial link could effectively be ruled out. DESIGN: Population-based observational study from November 1997 until June 2003. SETTING: North Jutland County, with approximately 495,000 inhabitants. SUBJECTS: The cluster encompassed 46 individuals and 26 households. INTERVENTIONS: Infection control measures included repeated visits to affected households by an infection control nurse who undertook screening for carriage among all household members and provided a program for decolonization. RESULTS: The causal strain was identical to a newly described international clone, ST80; SSCmec type IV; and Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive. Plausible routes of transmission included household contact and contact at work, kindergarten, and school. We did not detect a nosocomial source or any secondary cases in hospitals. Transmission by healthcare contact outside the hospital was plausible for three cases. We found evidence that the clone was introduced on more than one occasion to immigrant families from the Middle East. A 5-day decolonization program was successful at first attempt in 15 of 16 households that could be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the described infection control measures, we continued to see new cases, underlining a need for a national policy to contain MRSA in the community.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Bacterial complications of primary varicella in children.

Bacterial complications of varicella in 84 patients younger than 16 years of age (48 females; median age, 2.9 years) who required hospitalization between 1985 and 1995 were retrospectively analyzed. The purpose of the study was to describe demographics, clinical manifestations, bacteriology, and factors affecting outcome. Seventy-six percent of patients were younger than 5 years of age. The eldest children in households were significantly underrepresented (P = .00025). Skin infections occurred in 61 patients (73%), and deep-seated infections and/or shock occurred in 23 (27%). The latter complications were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia (P = .011) and bacteremia (P = .014) at the time of admission, prolonged fever (P = .001), prolonged hospitalization (P < .0001), intensive care management (P < .0001), and fatal outcome (P = .019). Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (59% of isolates) and Staphylococcus aureus (28%) were the predominant isolates. Before and after 1990, five (31%) of 16 and 13 (62%) of 21 streptococcal complications, respectively, were invasive infections (P = .09). These data underscore the need for universal immunization against chickenpox.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Effects of sucrose and silver on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

The present study examined the effects of antimicrobial agents on a biofilm model of Staphylococcus aureus. A membranous structure (an immature biofilm) was formed on the coverslips of tissue culture dishes by S. aureus cells in plasma after incubation for 24 h. After incubation, the colony counts of S. aureus cells in the immature biofilms in plasma containing levofloxacin with 70% sucrose were about one-tenth of those in plasma containing levofloxacin without sucrose. The colony counts of S. aureus cells in the immature biofilms in plasma containing silver sulphadiazine or silver nitrate (at a silver concentration of 0.302%) were over 3000 times lower than those in control plasma without silver after incubation for 24 h. Plasma coagulation by S. aureus cells was not detected in plasma containing 70% sucrose 48 h after inoculation. The immature biofilms were incubated in plasma with and without 70% sucrose, and the immature biofilms were treated with 10% povidone-iodine for 2 min after incubation for 4 and 16 h. In this experiment, the colony counts of S. aureus cells in the immature biofilms incubated with 70% sucrose were about one-tenth of those in plasma without sucrose after incubation for 24 h. We suggest that levofloxacin or 10% povidone-iodine in combination with 70% sucrose and silver sulphadiazine or silver nitrate (at a silver concentration of 0.302%) are effective in eliminating S. aureus cells in a biofilm.

Anti-Infective Agents↗