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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Calorie use and obesity among diabetic and non-diabetic Mvskoke Indians.

Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of death among American Indians and obesity and physical inactivity are modifiable risk factors in the development of type 2 diabetes. Physical activity may have both a preventive effect and a secondary preventive effect of lessening insulin resistance in persons with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, for some individuals participation in daily regimens of physical activity is very difficult. Culture-specific physical activity may be an intervention to reduce obesity and prevent diabetes-related complications. Therefore, the research questions for this study were: (1) What is the body fat percentage of diabetic and non-diabetic Mskoke Indians?, (2) How does body fat percentage of Mvskoke Indians compare with recommended percentages for age and gender?, (3) What is the caloric use of Mvskoke Indians during daily and traditional cultural activities of dancing and stickball?, and (4) Are there relationships among body fat percentage, calorie use, gender, and diabetic status? The findings revealed that female diabetics' percentage of body fat in three age cohorts (40-49, 50-59, and 70+) was higher than that of non-diabetic females. By contrast, male diabetics had lower percentage of body fat than non-diabetic males. The actual mean percentage of body fat of the female participants ranged from 38.5% to 44%, roughly twice the standard recommended percentages of body fat of 20-24%. No significant difference was found in calorie use by gender or diabetic status. Analysis of calories during traditional activities revealed that 30 minutes of stickball used an average of 135.7 calories. Dancing for 33 minutes used an average of 149 calories. No significant relationship was found among percentage of body fat, caloric use, gender, and diabetic status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Deaths and death in Italian medieval painting].

The role played by great epidemics in the composition of the Triumphs of Death and the Dances of the Deaths in Italy from XIVth to XVth century has been recently well discussed by historiographical licterature. The human body has been linked to the idea of frialty and decomposition already before XIVth century; ascetical and penitential ideals have been joined together with critical economical, social and sanitary conditions. European medieval populations were mown down by endemic illnesses and it certainly is possible that these catastrophic events influenced the composition of Triumphs and Dances.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Do conventional CASA-parameters reflect recovery of kinematics after freezing? CASA paradox in the analysis of recovery of spermatozoa after cryopreservation.

Conventional kinematic parameters (KPs) are averages of values obtained from analysing the entire motile fraction of cells in a sample. Occasionally, in spite of overall deterioration of semen samples after cryopreservation and other 'damaging' manipulations, the average relative (derived) KPs such as linearity (LIN), dance (DNC), dance mean (DNM) etc., may show apparently elevated values. Similarly, the absolute (actual) KPs such as straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), average velocity path (VAP), average lateral head displacement (ALH), beat-cross frequency (BCF), etc., may also be higher after damaging treatments depending on the tolerance of various sub-populations in a single sample. The conditions for this CASA-paradox are discussed. Simple modifications of actual CASA-parameters are proposed to correct the pseudo-enhancement of kinematics characteristics in processed semen samples

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The preferential site of adult Wuchereria bancrofti: an ultrasound study of male asymptomatic microfilaria carriers in Pondicherry, India.

BACKGROUND: The traditional method of detection of microfilaria in night blood specimens for the diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti infection is being replaced with circulating filarial antigen in day blood specimens, which has a high sensitivity. However, both methods are indirect tests to detect the presence of adult worms in vivo. Localization of adult worms in vivo in their natural habitat may help in understanding better the end-point of drug treatment, the adulticidal action of antifilarial drugs, and in locating the site of lymphatic pathology. We used ultrasound examination to assess the preferential location of adult worms in an area endemic for lymphatic filariasis. METHODS: Ultrasound examination was done in 36 asymptomatic male carriers of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria to detect the location of adult worms. Both sides of the scrotum (root of the scrotum, epididymis, spermatic cord, testis and the adjoining area), lymphatic vessels and inguinal, popliteal, axillary and epitrochlear lymph nodes were examined using a 7.5 MHz probe in real-time B mode. RESULTS: The 'filaria dance sign (FDS)' suggesting the presence of adult worms was observed in 22 carriers (61%). The preferential site of location of the adult worms was the intrascrotal juxtatesticular lymphatic vessels in 'nests' along the lymphatic vessels of the epididymis, spermatic cord and paratesticular region. The number of nests varied between 1 and 4 with a mean size of 0.3 cm2. In 95% of cases, localization of the worms was unilateral. The mean microfilaria (SD) count-positive cases for those with the filarial dance sign (264 [199]) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than for the negative cases (171 [196]). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound visualization of adult worms of Wuchereria bancrofti in vivo is possible and confirms the concept that the worms have their own territory and reside in 'nests'. The preferential site of localization of the adult worms in men is the intrascrotal juxtatesticular lymphatic vessels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Prevalence of physical activity in the United States: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2001.

INTRODUCTION: The health benefits of regular cardiovascular exercise are well-known. Such exercise, however, has traditionally been defined as vigorous physical activity, such as jogging, swimming, or aerobic dance. Exercise of moderate intensity also promotes health, and many U.S. adults may be experiencing the health benefits of exercise through lifestyle activities of moderate intensity, such as yard work, housework, or walking for transportation. Until recently, public health surveillance systems have not included assessments of this type of physical activity, focusing on exercise of vigorous intensity. We used an enhanced surveillance tool to describe the prevalence and amount of both moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity among U.S. adults. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey administered to U.S. adults aged 18 years and older (n = 82,834 men and 120,286 women). Physical activity behavior was assessed using questions designed to quantify the frequency of participation in moderate- or vigorous-intensity physical activities performed during leisure time or for household chores and transportation. RESULTS: Overall, 45% of adults (48% of men and 43% of women) were active at recommended levels during nonworking hours (at least 30 minutes five or more days per week in moderate-intensity activities, equivalent to brisk walking, or at least 20 minutes three or more days per week in vigorous activities, equivalent to running, heavy yard work, or aerobic dance). Less than 16% of adults (15% of men and 17% of women) reported no moderate or vigorous activity in a usual week. CONCLUSION: Integrating surveillance of lifestyle activities into national systems is possible, and doing so may provide a more accurate representation of the prevalence of recommended levels of physical activity. These results, however, suggest that the majority of U.S. adults are not active at levels associated with the promotion and maintenance of health.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Anthropometry and somatotype of competitive female figure skaters 11-22 years. Variation by competitive level and discipline.

AIM: Variation in anthropometric characteristics and somatotype of female figure skaters by level of competition and discipline was examined. METHODS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: ANCOVA with age as the covariate was used to compare the anthropometry of skaters by level (test stream, pre-elite, elite) and discipline (free, dance, pair), while MANCOVA was used to compare somatotype. SETTING: purposive sampling reflecting the skating population by level and discipline was used to recruit skaters in 4 American, and 7 Canadian figure skating clubs. PARTICIPANTS: a total of 161 competitive female figure skaters 11-22 years of age (15.7+/-2.4 years) comprised the sample. MEASURES: a battery of 15 anthropometric dimensions was taken on each skater. Several dimensions, ratios and Heath-Carter somatotypes were derived. RESULTS: Test skaters are heavier and generally larger than pre-elite skaters. Test stream skaters also have larger limb circumferences, estimated calf and arm musculature, and a thicker sum of skinfolds, and are more endomorphic than pre-elite skaters. Elite skaters are more mesomorphic than pre-elite skaters. The sitting height/stature (SH/ST) ratio is significantly lower in pre-elite skaters, while elite and test stream skaters do not differ in this indicator of proportions. Free skaters are taller and heavier; have a higher body mass index (BMI), limb circumferences and sum of skinfolds; and proportionally shorter legs than dancers and pair skaters. Free skaters, dancers and pair skaters, however, do not differ in somatotype. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that figure skating favors lightness, leanness, higher mesomorphy and lower endomorphy at more elite levels. Shortness, leanness and linearity of physique appear to be selective factors associated with specialization in dance and pair skating.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A group of adolescents and its attitude towards loud music].

The purpose of this paper is to measure attitudes towards loud music and to evaluate the influence of some variables on such attitudes. The scale of attitudes towards loud music was administered to a sample of 173 sixteen-year old subjects. The majority of the adolescents show neutral or favorable attitudes towards loud music. The sex and environmental noise variables have a non significant influence on this attitude. The majority of the sampled group attend dancing places (clubs, discotheques, etc.) once or twice a month and sometimes listen to loud music at home or at friends' home. Finally, adolescents showing favorable attitudes attend dancing places or listen to loud music more often than those showing unfavorable attitudes. This paper is a first approach to a deeper research to evaluate the possibility of modifying experimentally the attitude towards loud music by means of a message displaying both physical and psychological damage this fashion has caused.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of serotonin on nervous system function and behavior in the honeybee].

Serotonin in concentration of 0.0025% increased the excitability of chemoreceptors and the dancing rhythm rate in honey bees; higher concentrations diminished electrical activity in the second thoracic ganglion, lowered dancing rhythm rate and accelerated the alteration of food conditioning reflexes. Serotonin exerted no effect on the excitability thresholds of the peripheral nervous activity. A possibility of serotoninergic mediation of neural event in disruption of genetically determined tryptophan metabolic pathways (tryptophanuria) is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The brown bear in Europe: its plight and dental needs.

The brown bear is one of the most persecuted animals in the world. In Greece, Turkey, Pakistan and India they are used as dancing spectacles by gypsies. The mother is killed so that the cubs can be captured at a very early age and subjected to training that involves extreme cruelty: starvation, beatings and red-hot metal plates, as well as rings and chains through their noses and lips, are used to make the animals stand on their hind feet and mimic a dance routine so that their handlers can collect money in the streets. The author describes the treatment of the first bears to benefit from the facilities at the new Bear Protection Centre set up by Arcturos.

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed1993

[Death and dying in medieval times].

Out of the complex theme a specific phenomenon is chosen which most likely can be assigned to the appearance of the plague in Europe in the late medieval times: 'the dance of death' mainly in its artistic, particular graphical expression. To this intent the 2600 originals of the Düsseldorf University collection are used. The prerequisites for this novel art are discussed: the sudden outbreak of the plague in Italy 1347/48, the precursors of the legend about the three living and the three dead, the so-called 'transitoriness poems', the 'Conflictus literature' and other ideas about symbolism of death in classical antiquity and early christianism are opposed to the dances of death. The latter and confrontation of the various classes and professions with the merciless death over the following centuries is used with many examples to show the changing views up to the present times. The strong religious component subsides slowly in the Baroque to a more extroverted depiction. The Age of Elightment presents yet other pictures than the 19th and 20th century where death is confronted with still new professions and events, also from technical domains. Medicine and the physicians play an important role in this from the beginning on. The question after the memento mori remains for the mortal.

Death↗
PubMed1977

Stimuli eliciting sexual pursuit in the digger wasp Bembex rostrata (L.) males (Hymenoptera, Sphegidae). I. The choice of an adequate method for the ethometry survey.

Ethometry (i.e., quantitative, numerical analysis) of approach of the insect to objects moved in the air with a fishing rod and their pursuit proved a successful field method for objective evaluation of the valence of an object's features for Bembex rostrata males tested during their "sun dance". The maximum distance from which the insect reacts with a leap toward the object being a parameter of its approach, is directly proportional to the conspicuity of the object. The time of "behavioural interest" of the insect in the object, a measure of pursuit, reflects the persistence of the insect's attraction to the object, which is directly related to its valence. It is suggested that the sun dance is mainly a comfort behaviour, when the male is at the same time highly sensitive to sexual stimuli. Approach to a flying object is not a simple reflex-like tactic behaviour but a motivated one. Probably it is partly an exploratory, and to some extent a sexual behaviour, whereas pursuit is to a considerable extent dependent on a sexual mood. Hence, both can be regarded as the steps of a sexual appetitive behaviour. Experiments revealed a considerable variability of reactions among individual B. rostrata males. Differences between years of experimenting exert significant influence on results, too.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Stress fractures: a review of 180 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To review the cases of stress fracture seen over a 2-year period at a sports medicine clinic. DESIGN: One hundred and eighty cases diagnosed as stress fractures on the basis of clinical picture and radiological evidence were reviewed. The following features of each stress fracture were noted: age, sex, site, sport/activity. SETTING: A sports medicine centre in Melbourne, Australia. PATIENTS: The average age was 21.8 years. Seventy eight of these stress fractures were seen in women, 102 in men. RESULTS: The most common sites of stress fractures were the metatarsal bones (n = 42), tibia (n = 36), fibula (n = 30), tarsal navicular (n = 26) and pars interarticularis (n = 17). The most common sport was track (n = 54). Other common sports activities were jogging/distance running (n = 35), dance (n = 32) and Australian football (n = 14). The distribution of sites of stress fractures varied from sport to sport. Among the track athletes (n = 54), navicular (n = 19), tibia (n = 14) and metatarsal (n = 9) were the most common stress fracture sites. The distance runners (n = 35) predominantly sustained tibia (n = 15), and fibula (n = 8) stress fractures, while metatarsal stress fractures (n = 18) were the most common among dancers. The distribution of sports varied with the site of the stress fracture. In the metatarsal stress fractures (n = 42), dance was the most common activity. Distance running (n = 15) and track (n = 14) were the most common sports in the group to have sustained tibia stress fractures (n = 36). Track athletes (n = 14) were particularly prevalent in the navicular stress fracture group (n = 26). CONCLUSION: The distribution of sites of stress fractures in this study shows some differences from previously published studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Detection of living adult Wuchereria bancrofti in a patient with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia.

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) is a relatively unusual and diagnostically challenging manifestation of infection with Wuchereria bancrofti. The pathogenesis of TPE remains unclear, although immune hyperresponsiveness to the microfilarial stage of the parasite is thought to play an essential role. Microfilariae are almost never detected in the peripheral blood of persons with TPE and living adult worms have not been reported. Thus, no parasitologic marker has existed with which to assess the effectiveness of antifilarial treatment. In 1986, a 74-year old man from Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil, developed classic signs and symptoms of filarial TPE. Within 48 h after beginning treatment with diethylcarbamazine (DEC), the drug of choice for TPE, his symptoms dramatically improved. He remained symptom-free until June 1994, when he again developed signs and symptoms of TPE. To visualize the adult worm and monitor the macrofilaricidal effectiveness of DEC treatment, ultrasound examinations of the scrotal area were performed before, during, and for 6 months after treatment. These examinations revealed diffuse dilatation of the lymphatic vessels of the spermatic cord and movements characteristic of living adult W. bancrofti known as the "filaria dance sign". Although the patient responded clinically to treatment, no change was noted in the filaria dance sign throughout the observation period. Visualization of adult W. bancrofti by ultrasound can be used to monitor the parasitologic effectiveness of treatment for TPE and to explore the relationship between death of the adult worm and recurrence of symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Ecstasy--cool dope with long-lasting effects?].

The amphetamine derivative MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) was first synthesised in 1914 as an appetite suppressant, but was never used as such. MDMA is commonly known as "ecstasy" and has become a popular recreational drug of abuse at dance-clubs and rave parties, where it is combined with all-night dancing, crowded conditions, poor hydration and loud sound. This combination is probably the main reason why we have seen an upsurge in toxicity problems at rave parties, since all these factors are thought to promote or increase the toxicity of MDMA. The desired effects of MDMA are euphoria, increased energy and enhanced communication with others. Adverse effects are hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, hepatotoxicity, depression and psychosis.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine↗
PubMed2006

Eating disorder symptomatology among ballet dancers.

OBJECTIVE: The current study sought to compare eating disorder symptomatology among ballet dancers and individuals with restricting anorexia nervosa (RAN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and no eating pathology. METHOD: Twenty-nine female ballet dancers completed assessments and were compared with an archival dataset of 26 women with RAN, 47 women with BN, and 44 women with no eating pathology. Eating disorder diagnoses and behaviors were assessed with a semi-structured clinical interview, the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), and a weight history interview. RESULTS: Eighty-three percent of dancers met lifetime criteria for AN (6.9%), BN (10.3%), AN+BN (10.3%), or EDNOS (55.0%). Moreover, dancers looked more similar to eating-disordered individuals than to control individuals on measures of eating pathology. CONCLUSION: Despite previous emphasis on the pathology AN, the current findings suggest that dancers frequently engage in binge eating and purging behaviors. Moreover, it appears that their pathology is as severe as that of non-dancing women with eating disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Skill learning in patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease: a prospective pilot-study of waltz-lessons.

The authors report the effect of a 12-day prospective, blinded dance-learning trial in 5 patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 5 age-matched depressed patients. Patients with AD showed a significant effect in procedural learning whereas depressed patients did not. These findings suggest potential implications for therapeutic interventions in patients with moderate AD.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Low back pain in nurses: the relative importance of medical history, work factors, exercise, and demographics.

Although low back pain (LBP), a major problem for nurses, is presumed to be caused by the physical demands of work, little scientific information supports this view. In this study, registered nurses were surveyed regarding LBP, demographics, medical history, exercise, and work variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated previous LBP or back pain in another location of the spine were strongly associated with LBP during the study year. Aerobic dance exercise was less strongly associated. In contrast, lifting patients was only weakly associated, and other occupational variables not at all. Although results must be interpreted cautiously in light of study limitations, the findings suggest that factors unrelated to work may be more important to LBP than previously thought.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Spinal sagittal mobility and joint laxity in young ballet dancers. A comparative study between first-year students at the Swedish Ballet School and a control group.

The present study compares spinal configuration, spinal range of motion and joint mobility in first-year students of the Swedish Ballet School and in nondancing students of corresponding age and sex in a state school. The study comprises all the first-year (fourth grade) students (n = 23) at the Swedish Ballet School: 11 boys and 12 girls. Their dance practice time was 10 h per week. Thirty-six children in the fourth grade at a state school comprised the control group. None of the controls took ballet classes or participated in organised gymnastics out of school. The neutral spine configuration in standing and the sagittal spine mobility were measured using Debrunner's kyphometer and Myrin's inclinometer. Joint laxity was measured by employing a modified form of the Contompasis method. Compared with the controls, the dancers showed a higher incidence of joint hypermobility, greater mobility of the thoracic spine, a less prominent lordosis of the lumbar spine and a less prominent kyphosis in the thoracic spine in the neutral standing position. The dancers had done little or no ballet training before entering the ballet school at the age of ten. The results agree with those of earlier studies and suggest that increased flexibility is an asset for those being selected as future ballet dancers.

Child↗