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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Serous cysts are a benign component of the cyclic ovary in the guinea pig with an incidence dependent upon inhibin bioactivity.

Ovaries were collected from normal cycling female guinea pigs on each day of the estrous cycle (n = 5 per day) for histological analysis of ovarian morphology. Three types of ovarian cysts were observed: serous cysts, follicular cysts and parovarian cysts. The most common were serous cysts (cystic rete ovarii), which were present throughout the estrous cycle with an overall incidence of 63.5% (54 out of 85 animals). Follicular cysts occurred in 22.4% of guinea pigs overall (19 out of 85). Only one parovarian cyst (1 out of 85) was observed in the present experiment. Follicular cysts always coincided with serous cysts and were less common during diestrus. The incidence of serous cysts did not vary significantly across the estrous cycle. In a second experiment, cycling female guinea pigs were arrested in a prolonged luteal phase by a progesterone implant in order to achieve ovarian synchrony. They were then treated with inhibin antiserum (0.5 or 1 ml per animal i.v.; n = 6 per group) or normal goat serum (controls; n = 6 per group). There was a dose dependent increase in the incidence of serous ovarian cysts following passive immunization against the inhibin alpha-subunit. These results suggest that serous cysts are a normal component of the cyclic guinea pig ovary and that alterations in the inhibin-follicle-stimulating hormone system appear to modulate the incidence of serous ovarian cysts in this species.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Pathological analysis of congenital cervical cysts in children: 20 years of experience at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Congenital cervical cysts are frequently encountered in pediatric populations, and constitute one of the most intriguing areas of pediatric pathology. This report analyzes cervical cysts in Taiwanese children diagnosed at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH) over the past 20 years. The pathologic and clinical findings are reviewed. METHODS: Files on 331 patients under the age of 18 years, with a diagnosis of congenital cervical cyst at CGMH from January 1, 1983 to June 30, 2002, were retrieved from the Department of Pathology. There were 204 boys and 127 girls. We reviewed the histology of all cases and correlated it with clinical information in the medical records. RESULTS: Thyroglossal duct cysts, the most common congenital neck cyst, accounted for 54.68% of all cases, followed by cystic hygromas (25.08%), branchial cleft cysts (16.31%), bronchogenic cysts (0.91%), and thymic cysts (0.30%). Nine cases (2.72%) remained unclassified. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest series regarding pediatric cervical cysts in the literature to date. Thyroglossal duct cysts were the most common congenital cervical cyst encountered. Our experience indicates that each type of cyst has its unique location in the neck and is highly associated with its embryonic origin. Complete and precise clinical information is a prerequisite in order for pathologists to make accurate diagnoses of congenital cervical cysts.

Branchioma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic hydatid cysts: sonographic follow-up after percutaneous sonographically guided aspiration.

PURPOSE: We studied the sonographic appearances of hepatic hydatid cysts and used sonography to follow up these cysts after sonographically guided aspiration using the PAIR technique. METHODS: Included in this study were 362 patients with 558 hepatic hydatid cysts. Initial sonographic examination revealed 510 noncomposite cysts and 48 composite cysts (18 rosette and 30 honeycomb pattern). Noncomposite hydatid cysts (510 cysts) were aspirated and treated with scolicidal agents using the PAIR technique. Sonographic follow-up was done for up to 5 years after aspiration. RESULTS: There was immediate detachment of the germinal layer in all cysts during aspiration. There were no serious complications. Sonographic follow-up after 1 month and 1 year revealed complete cyst collapse in 326 cysts (64%) and 449 cysts (88%), respectively. Repeat ultrasound scanning showed a continued decrease in the sizes of all remaining cysts. Organized lesions (pseudosolid pattern) were detected in only 26 cases after up to 5 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The most common sonographic appearance of hepatic hydatid cysts among Egyptians is noncomposite, anechoic cysts. The PAIR technique is a safe, effective, and inexpensive therapeutic modality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Percutaneous treatment of univesicular versus multivesicular hepatic hydatid cysts.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous drainage has been used successfully to treat hepatic hydatid cysts. This study aimed to analyze the results of this method in the treatment of univesicular and multivesicular hepatic hydatid cysts. METHODS: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was used to treat 72 patients (44 women and 28 men; average age, 46.8 +/- 17.7 years) with hepatic hydatidosis. Of these 72 patients, 57 had one cyst, 7 had two cysts, and 8 had three cysts. Albendazole (10 mg per kg of body weight daily for 8 weeks) was administered to all the patients. Serial assessments included clinical and biochemical examinations, ultrasonography, and serologic tests for echinococcal antibody titers. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, the mean cyst diameter decreased from 83.3 +/- 38.6 mm to 11.1 +/- 16.0 mm (p < 0.001) in the multivesicular group (27 cysts) and from 65.5 +/- 27.5 to 5.9 +/- 13.0 mm (p < 0.001) in the univesicular group (68 cysts). The final cyst diameter did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.1). The findings showed that 81% of the cysts in the univesicular group and 63% in the multivesicular group disappeared (p = 0.12). The mean hospital stay was 4.8 +/- 2.9 days in the univesicular group and 6.1 +/- 4.7 days in the multivesicular group (p < 0.001). After an initial rise, the echinococcal-antibody titers fell progressively, and at the last follow-up evaluation were negative (<1:160) for 43 patients (94%) in the univesicular group and 19 patients (73%) in the multivesicular group (p = 0.03). Mild nonfatal complications were experienced by 24 patients (33%). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous drainage combined with albendazole therapy is an effective and safe method for managing hydatid cysts of the liver that requires a short hospital stay. Disappearance of the cysts depends on cyst size. Multivesicular cysts have a more complicated course, a slower disappearance, and a higher incidence of positive echinococcal-antibody titers. Abscess formed after the procedure can be treated successfully by percutaneous drainage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Magnetic resonance imaging of simple and infected hydatid cysts of the brain.

Hydatid cyst of the brain is more common in children than adults. The cyst is always solitary unless the primary site is the brain. Cerebral hydatid cyst (CHCy) is most frequently supratentorial involving the territory of the middle cerebral artery, especially the parietal lobe. This study included 16 patients who were treated for CHCy. They were 11 male patients (68.75%), and 5 female patients (31.25%), ranging in age from 6 to 40 years with an average age of 14.7 years. Most of the patients were children-12 patients (75%), between 6 to 16 years of age. All patients were from rural areas. Headache, vomiting and seizures were the predominant symptoms. Papilloedema was present in 12 patients (75%). CT and MRI were performed in all patients. The cysts were all located in the cerebral hemispheres, except one in the posterior fossa, (Rt. cerebellar hemisphere). One lobe alone was affected in 7 patients (43.8%), two lobes in 6 patients (37.5%) and 3 lobes in two patients (12.5%). Round, or oval well defined cystic lesions isointense to the CSF in T1 and T2WI, with hypointense walls in T2WI and no surrounding perifocal edema or evidence of contrast enhancement were seen in 12 patients (75%) and were classified as simple or non-complicated CHCy. Cystic lesions with surrounding, T2 hyperintense area of perifocal edema, complete and incomplete (segment) rim of contrast enhancement were seen in 4 patients (25%), and were labeled as complicated or infected cysts (cysts with superadded pyogenic infection). All patients were treated surgically, hydatid birth (delivery of unruptured cyst) was achieved in 10 patients, cyst rupture occurred in 6 patients (37.5%), with subsequent recurrence (3 patients with recurrent multiple cysts and 3 patients with recurrent solitary cysts). All the recurrent cysts were surrounded by perifocal edema and showed ring enhancement. MRI has proved to be an excellent means of studying CHCy. It will be more widely used for diagnosis and surgical planning. It provided information about the exact cyst localization, cyst contents and presence or absence of superadded cyst infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in cyst fluid from autosomal dominant polycystic kidneys.

Cyst infection in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is often refractory to therapy, in part because of the limited entry of commonly used antibiotics into cyst fluid. To study the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in cyst infection, cyst fluid was obtained by percutaneous aspiration or at surgery from eight patients with ADPKD receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Cysts were categorized as nongradient or gradient by cyst-fluid sodium concentration. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole concentrations within cysts were determined and cyst fluid inhibitory and bactericidal titers were assessed in vitro against Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcus fecalis. The mean cyst fluid trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole concentrations were 15.2 micrograms/ml and 42.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. Preferential accumulation of trimethoprim was observed in gradient cysts, exceeding serum levels more than eightfold. Sulfamethoxazole penetrated cysts to a lesser extent, with concentrations ranging from 10 to 70 percent of the serum level. Cyst fluid sampled prior to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole administration (control) demonstrated no antibacterial activity, while cyst fluid inhibitory and bactericidal titers following antibiotic administration were 1:32 or greater in most instances. These studies indicate that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is likely to be efficacious in the treatment of cyst infection in polycystic kidneys.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Risk factors for renal cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk factors for renal cysts in a large population-based health survey, as we previously reported that the prevalence of renal cyst increases with age, there is a difference in incidence between the sexes and other studies show an association between renal cysts and hypertension. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were collected on 17 914 individuals who participated in a multiphase health-screening programme at our institution in 2000. Ultrasonography was used for diagnosing renal cysts. Logistic analysis was used to examine various risk factors for renal cyst, including sex, age, serum creatinine, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habits. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure of > 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure of > 90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive medication. In 45 patients with renal cysts who were followed for a mean (range) of 6 (4-7) years the sequential changes in the size of the cysts and the systolic blood pressure were plotted in relation to age. The relationship of the mean changes in these variables was also examined. RESULTS: The prevalence of renal cysts was 9.9%, ranging from 3.8% for subjects in their third decade to 18.5% in their sixth. Cysts were detected in 13.0% of men and 5.8% of women (P < 0.001). The mean serum creatinine was 83 mg/L in those with cysts and 76 mg/L in those without (P < 0.001); the respective mean systolic blood pressure was 123 and 118 mmHg (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (P < 0.001), sex (P < 0.001), hypertension (P = 0.0022) and serum creatinine (P = 0.021) had a significant influence on the occurrence of renal cysts. Enlargement of the cysts was not correlated with the increase in blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for a renal cyst are age, male gender, renal dysfunction and hypertension. Hypertension might cause renal dysfunction, which leads to the development of renal cysts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of chlorine on Giardia lamblia cyst viability.

The effect of chlorine concentration on Giardia lamblia cyst viability was tested under a variety of conditions. The ability of Giardia cysts to undergo excystation was used as the criterion of viability. The experimental variables employed included temperature (25, 15, and 5 degrees C), pH (6, 7, and 8), chlorine-cyst contact time (10, 30, and 60 min), and chlorine concentration (1 to 8 mg/liter). In the pH range studied, cyst survival generally was observed to increase as buffer pH increased. Water temperature coupled with chlorination proved to be important in cyst survival. Results of these experiments at the three temperatures studied can be summarized as follows: at 25 degrees C, exposure to 1.5 mg/liter for 10 min killed all cysts at pH 6, 7, and 8. At 15 degrees C, 2.5 mg of chlorine per liter for 10 min killed all cysts at pH 6, but at pH 7 and 8 small numbers of cysts remained viable after 30 min but not after 60 min. At 5 degrees C, 1 mg of chlorine per liter for 60 min failed to kill all the cysts at any pH tested. At this temperature, 2 mg of chlorine per liter killed all cysts after 60 min at pH 6 and 7, but not at pH 8. A chlorine concentration of 4 mg/liter killed all the cysts at all three pH values after 60 min, but not after 30 min. A chlorine concentration of 8 mg/liter killed all Giardia cysts at pH 6 and 7 after contact for 10 min, and at pH 8 after 30 min. This study points up the role of temperature, pH, and chlorine demand in the halogen treatment of drinking water to destroy cysts. It also raises an epidemiological problem, namely: low water temperatures, where killing of Giardia requires relatively high chlorine concentrations and long contact times, are (i) to be expected in many areas where epidemic waterborne giardiasis has been reported and (ii) particularly conducive to the long-term survival of Giardia cysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Sedimentation of free and attached Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in water.

Experimental analysis of the sedimentation velocity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts was compared with mathematical description of their sedimentation velocities by using measurements of (oo)cyst size and density and the density and viscosity of the sedimentation medium to determine if the sedimentation kinetics of freely suspended oocysts of C. parvum and cysts of G. lamblia can be described by Stokes' law. The theoretically calculated sedimentation kinetics showed a good agreement with the experimentally observed kinetics. Both showed a decline in sedimentation velocity over time, caused primarily by variation in (oo)cyst density. The initial apparent sedimentation velocities in Hanks balanced salt solution at 23 degrees C was 0.35 micron . s-1 for oocysts and 1.4 micron . s-1 for cysts. (Oo)cysts that enter the surface water environment by discharges of biologically treated sewage may be attached to sewage particles, and this will affect their sedimentation kinetics. Therefore, (oo)cysts were mixed with settled secondary effluent. (Oo)cysts readily attached to the (biological) particles in effluent; 30% of both cysts and oocysts attached during the first minutes of mixing, and this fraction increased to approximately 75% after 24 h. The sedimentation velocity of (oo)cysts attached to secondary effluent particles increased with particle size and was (already in the smallest size fraction [1 to 40 micron]) determined by the sedimentation kinetics of the effluent particles. The observed sedimentation velocities of freely suspended (oo)cysts are probably too low to cause significant sedimentation in surface water or reservoirs. However, since a significant proportion of both cysts and oocysts attached readily to organic biological particles in secondary effluent, sedimentation of attached (oo)cysts after discharge into surface water will probably be a significant factor in the environmental ecology of C. parvum and G. lamblia. Attachment to particles influences not only sedimentation of (oo)cysts in surface water but also their behavior in drinking water treatment processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

In vitro function of cyst epithelium from human polycystic kidney.

It is thought that cysts in polycystic kidneys originate from nephron segments and function in a manner similar to the segment or origin. The indirect evidence for this derives from studies of microanatomy and cyst fluid composition. Cysts with low Na+ have been classified as distal, whereas cysts with high Na+ have been classified as proximal. In order to directly determine the transport characteristics of cyst epithelium, cysts from a human polycystic kidney were studied in vitro using Ussing chamber techniques. Composition of cyst fluid was determined in parallel with these studies. Cysts with low Na+ (gradient cysts) demonstrate characteristics consistent with distal nephron origin including elevated potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and low conductance. PD and Isc of gradient cysts were amiloride sensitive. Nongradient cysts, however, require additional characterization. At least two types of nongradient cysts were identified, one with characteristics consistent with proximal nephron origin and another apparently without function. These studies are the first direct evidence for active transport of cysts from human polycystic kidney and provide strong evidence to support the concept that cysts function in the same manner as the nephron segment of origin.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1989

[Asymptomatic and symptomatic Rathke's cleft cysts. Histological study of 45 cases].

Pituitary cysts are fairly often found incidentally in anatomical studies, but symptomatic cysts are relatively uncommon. In this study, the histological characteristics of 42 asymptomatic and three symptomatic Rathke's cleft cysts were examined and compared. The 42 cysts found incidentally at autopsy were classified as small (less than 1 mm in diameter), medium (1 to 5 mm), or large (over 5 mm). There were 23 small (55%), 13 medium (31%), and six large (14%) cysts. The mean ages of the three patient groups were 66, 60, and 53 years, respectively. Flattened epithelial cells were the most common cells in small cysts, while cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells were more prevalent in medium and large cysts. The larger cysts tended to contain cilia. The three symptomatic cysts were histologically confirmed to be Rathke's cleft cysts by their characteristic ciliated columnar epithelial lining. No essential histological differences were observed between asymptomatic and symptomatic cysts, and the mechanism of change from asymptomatic to symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst was not clarified. Small nests of epithelium at the junction of the pars tuberalis and pituitary stalk are considered to be remnants of Rathke's pouch and are thought to give rise to craniopharyngioma. In their most typical forms, Rathke's cleft cysts and craniopharyngiomas are histologically distinguishable, craniopharyngiomas being composed of stratified squamous epithelium and simple Rathke's cleft cysts of a layer of cuboidal or columnar epithelium on a basement membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

CSF pulsations within nonneoplastic spinal cord cysts.

Because of its sensitivity to fluid motion, MR imaging was used to investigate fluid dynamics in syringomyelia. Three major findings characterized syringomyelia: pulsatile fluid in cysts, nonpulsatile fluid in cysts, and damaged cord tissue. The fluid in preoperative syrinx cavities pulsated in a fashion similar to subarachnoid CSF. Pulsation was more prominent in large cysts but was also seen in small cysts. Nonpulsatile cysts were generally of smaller diameter, were shorter in length, and often were single; they could, however, coexist with pulsatile cysts. Nonpulsatile cysts had etiologies similar to those of pulsatile cysts: Chiari malformation, trauma, and unknown. Damaged cord, characterized by abnormal high signal on T2-weighted sequences, was seen in 15 of 16 patients and could be either focal or diffuse but was always adjacent to syrinx cavities. Postsurgical MR scans had a lower incidence of pulsatile cysts. In five patients with both pre- and postoperative MR scans, shunting of the cyst reduced the size of the pulsating cyst (two patients) or reduced the size of the cyst and eliminated pulsation altogether (three patients). Axial, T2-weighted images are recommended in the investigation of spinal cord cysts to determine the presence or absence of pulsatile fluid. The presence of pulsation indicates a nonneoplastic cyst. The absence or reduction of CSF pulsation may prove to be a valuable indicator of the success of a shunting procedure.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed2003

[Morphogenesis of hydatic cyst of the liver].

The morphological features of 138 cysts of different size were studied in 107 patients with Echinococcosis of the liver aged 14-75 years (39 men and 68 women) in order to specify the morphogenesis of Echinococcus cyst. The content of 23 cysts looked like a jelly-like mass, in 10 of them there were scraps of degenerating chitin. In 26 cysts there were solitary daughter cysts, in 11 they were multiple. In 10 cysts there was a relatively large volume of turbid fluid. In 99 cases the content of the cyst was a colorless transparent fluid with the invariable chitin membrane. Enlargement of the fibrous capsule was noted in 17 cysts, in 2 cases the thickness achieved 15 mm. In two cysts the fibrous capsule was completely calcificated, solitary calcificates were noted in 7 cysts. An analysis of the state of different cysts enabled a scheme of morphogenesis of the hydatid cyst to be proposed. According to this scheme the viability of the cysts is divided into two consecutive phases, each of them can have the developed daughter cysts or not (Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb phases).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Retroperitoneoscopic approach in the treatment of symptomatic renal cysts.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The authors present the results and follow up of patients with simple parenchymal and peripelvic cysts who underwent retroperitoneoscopic cyst decortication. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The records of 19 patients who underwent 3/4-port retroperitoneoscopic cyst decortication between January 1999 and January 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients admitted to the hospital were symptomatic, the most common presenting syptoms were flank pain (19p) and hematuria (6p). The cyst size ranged from 8 to 15cm (mean size 10cm). 10 cysts were located on the right kidney and 9 cysts on the left kidney. The mean age of patients was 51 years. 16 patients had a simple parenchymal cyst corresponding to Bosniak type I (8 patients underwent cyst aspiration and sclerotherapy with 96 % alcohol in past), 2 patients had peripelvic cyst corresponding to Bosniak type II and 1 patient had a parenchymal cyst Bosniak type II. RESULTS: Retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst decortication was successfully performed in all patients, no conversion was needed. The mean operative time was 70 min (50-90 min) in patients with parenchymal and peripelvic cysts. The mean operative blood loss was 70 ml (50-130 ml) and the mean lenght of hospital stay was 3 days (2-5 days). The follow up ranged from 6 to 48 months and during that period were all patients asymptomatic, with no signs of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Retroperitoneoscopic cyst decortication is a safe and effective operative procedure in the treatment of symptomatic renal cysts with the minimal complication rate and excellent results (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 30).

Female↗
PubMed1990

The detection of Giardia muris and Giardia lamblia cysts by immunofluorescence in animal tissues and fecal samples subjected to cycles of freezing and thawing.

The effects of freezing and thawing on the detection of selected Giardia spp. cysts were investigated using immunofluorescence, bright field microscopy, and low voltage scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Giardia muris cysts were obtained from either animal carcasses, fecal pellets, or isolated cyst preparations, whereas Giardia lamblia cysts were isolated from fecal samples. These samples were stained using an immunofluorescence technique after 1-3 freezing (-16 C) and thawing (20 C) cycles. Cysts were detected successfully by immunofluorescence in all samples. However, in those samples subjected to freeze-thawing, the cyst walls often became distorted and then were not detectable by bright field microscopy. Low voltage SEM demonstrated that the filaments in the distorted cyst wall underwent rearrangements of interfilament spacing. Quantitation of cyst recovery after freezing and thawing demonstrated that a substantial loss occurred after 1 cycle of alternating temperature when low concentrations of cysts were used, but not with high concentrations of cysts. Cyst recovery, after 3 freezing and thawing cycles, was dramatically lowered irrespective of the initial cyst concentration. These results demonstrated that immunofluorescence was an effective technique for the detection of Giardia spp. cysts in frozen samples and would suggest that freezing and thawing of fecal samples could prevent the detection of cysts when only bright field microscopy was employed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Sacral perineural cyst--report of a case].

The presence of cysts within the sacral spinal canal, so-called sacral cysts, is described in literature. These include 'sacral perineural cyst', 'sacral extradural cyst', 'occult intrasacral meningocele' and 'anterior sacral meningocele'. Sacral perineural cyst in these cystic disorders was first described as an incidental autopsy finding by Tarlov in 1938. Since then, several reports have been made describing the sign and symptom, neurological findings, roentgenographic diagnosis and cause and origin of the sacral perineural cysts, although many problems are not yet solved satisfactorily. This cyst occurs on the extradural components of sacral or coccygeal nerve roots. Although most are asymptomatic, these occasionally cause low back pain, sciatic and sacrococcygeal pain, sensory and motor disturbance in the lower extremities, and urinary dysfunction, which symptoms are similar to those brought on by lumbar disc herniation. In 1948, Tarlov reported a case of sciatic pain due to a perineural cyst, the removal of which relieved the symptoms. Symptoms occur because adjacent nerve roots are impinged upon by the thin-walled, fluid-filled cysts, which are formed in a space between the endoneurium and the perineurium. Microscopically, the cyst walls consist of peripheral nerve fibers or ganglionic cells covered with meningeal epithelium. Communication of the cyst with subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid may be poor, but myelogram and CT myelogram demonstrate the cysts filling with contrast media. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), imaging of the sacral perineural cysts has improved. Recently we had the opportunity to evaluate a patient in whom perineural cysts had caused considerable erosion of the sacrum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1995

Sonographic diagnosis of paraovarian cysts: value of detecting a separate ipsilateral ovary.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency with which sonographic detection of a normal separate ipsilateral ovary enables the diagnosis of paraovarian cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the initial sonographic reports, sonograms, and medical records of 42 patients with surgically proved paraovarian cysts. All sonograms were obtained with a 3.5-MHz transabdominal probe. The location, size, shape, wall thickness, internal echoes of the cyst, and visualization or nonvisualization of the ipsilateral ovaries were recorded during sonographic examination. RESULTS: Forty-six paraovarian cysts were identified in 42 patients. One patient had bilateral cysts, and one had multiple (four) unilateral cysts. A teratoma in one patient and an ovarian cyst in another coexisted with a paraovarian cyst in the same adnexa. With the exception of these two, 31 (76%) of 41 ovaries abutted by cysts were detected. All detectable ovaries were normal. With one exception, all cysts were thin walled and unilocular, and 43 of 46 were anechoic. During surgery, two patients were found to have cyst torsion, two were found to have papillary serous cystadenoma, and one was found to have both. CONCLUSION: Unlike the findings of previous reports, our results indicate that most patients with paraovarian cysts have a separate, normal ipsilateral ovary that can be detected easily by means of transabdominal sonography, thus aiding in distinguishing paraovarian from true ovarian cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Histological and ultrastructural findings of benign intracranial cysts.

Since benign intracranial cysts have similar clinical and neuroradiological imaging appearances, it is difficult to distinguish between these cysts. Thus an electron microscopic study plays an important role in definite diagnosis of these non-tumorous benign cystic lesions, and also in determination of their origins. Arachnoid cysts occurring in 5 patients, epithelial cysts occurring in 2 patients, 2 cases of Rathke's cleft cysts, and one case of pineal cyst, were electron- and light-microscopically observed, and their characteristic features and differences were described. The structure of the arachnoid cyst wall was similar to that of normal arachnoid membrane. The inner surface of the arachnoid membrane. The inner surface of the arachnoid cyst wall was formed of one or several layers of arachnoid cells with slender processes, which contained large extracellular spaces, but not microvilli. As for epithelial cysts, microvilli and surface-coating material were present on the surface of epithelial cysts, and a well-developed basement membrane was continuously observed under the epithelial cells. Rathke's cleft cysts, which may basically be classified as epithelial cysts, are lined by columnar or cuboidal ciliated epithelium. The wall of the pineal cyst is composed of normal pineal tissue, and there are three layers, which have a lining of glial cells in the inner layer, a few sheets of pineal cells in the middle layer, and a fibrous capsule in the outer layer.

Adult↗