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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prophylactic treatment of intraocular pressure elevations after neodymium: YAG laser posterior capsulotomies and extracapsular cataract extractions with levobunolol.

The prophylactic effect of topical 0.5% levobunolol on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations after neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomies and extracapsular cataract extractions (ECCEs) was investigated in two separate, double-masked, placebo-controlled studies. In study 1, 42 patients received either levobunolol or vehicle 1 hour before a unilateral Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Elevated IOP (greater than or equal to 10 mmHg) occurred in up to 38% of those in the vehicle group and none in the levobunolol group. Mean IOP increased up to 6 mmHg in the vehicle group, whereas it decreased up to 3 mmHg in the levobunolol group. In study 2, 41 patients received either levobunolol or vehicle immediately after a unilateral ECCE involving the use of a viscoelastic preparation and the implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL). The incidence of IOP elevations (greater than or equal to 10 mmHg) was up to 40% in the vehicle group and 19% in the levobunolol group. Mean IOP increased up to 9 mmHg in the vehicle group and up to 2 mmHg in the levobunolol group. Thus, marked elevations in IOP after posterior capsulotomies or ECCEs may be minimized by prophylactic treatment with levobunolol.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1986

Complications and visual outcome 4 months after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of posterior chamber lenses. A prospective clinical study.

Sixty-seven patients were examined 3 to 5 1/2 (mean 4) months after intended extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of the 3 M, style 83, posterior chamber lens. A visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5 was recorded in 58 (86.6%) of the patients. The complications were: one (1.5%) case of acute iritis, one case of pupillary capture and two (3.0%) cases of capsulotomy-requiring early secondary cataract. There were no posterior segment complications. None of the patients were treated with anti-glaucomatous medication, and none had intraocular pressure above 20 mmHg. Pre-operatively, biometry was performed, and the SRK-formula was employed in estimating the post-operative spherical equivalent refraction: The actually measured refraction differed less than 2 diopters from the predicted refraction in 84.5% of the cases.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1982

[Consequences of vitreous loss during cataract extraction ].

An analysis of 1,959 cataract operations with intraoperative loss of vitreous body in 114 cases (5.8%) is described. The most common late complications (21% of all cases) were retinal detachments (7.9%) and secondary glaucomas (3.5%). As a consequence the authors call for regular follow-up examinations by an ophthalmologist.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scleral cyst formation following extracapsular cataract extraction.

Two patients who underwent extracapsular cataract surgery through corneal incisions developed scleral cysts 2 and 6 years later, respectively. The cysts involved the sclera without extension into the cornea or anterior chamber. To prevent further thinning of the sclera, only the anterior walls were excised and the posterior walls were mechanically debrided using alcohol and sponges. Histopathologic examination supported the clinical diagnosis of scleral cysts. No recurrence was seen. Scleral cyst formation may be encountered as a late complication of cataract surgery. Excision of the anterior wall coupled with removal of the epithelial lining of the posterior wall with alcohol may considerably lessen the likelihood of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Propofol and retrobulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction].

We divided 80 patients undergoing cataract surgery into two groups of 40: one control group and one propofol group to whom 1-1.5 mg/kg of propofol was administered before retrobulbar anesthesia. The following parameters were recorded before and after retrobulbar anesthesia: systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (SAP and DAP), heart rate (HR) and finally arterial oxygen saturation through pulse oximetry. Pain was also measured on the Scott-Huskisson visual analog scale. For patients in the control group a rise in arterial pressure over baseline values after 5 minutes (p < 0.01) was observed, while a decrease was found in the propofol group (p < 0.01). The rise after 5 minutes in the control group was significant when compared with the measurements for the propofol group (p < 0.01). The pain measure for the control group reached 5.53 +/- 1.54 on the Scott-Huskisson scale, but was 0 in the propofol group. Measurements on the pain scale correlated positively with diastolic arterial pressure 5 minutes after blockade in the control group (p < 0.05). The technique studied affords greater comfort for the patient, presents no special difficulties for the anesthesiologist performing the retrobulbar blockade, and causes no complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Inferior rectus muscle restriction after retrobulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction.

Among the recognized complications of retrobulbar anesthesia, postoperative permanent diplopia has rarely been reported. We describe two patients with inferior rectus muscle restriction after retrobulbar anesthesia for cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Both did well after inferior rectus recession with placement of an adjustable suture.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Epidemiology of retinal detachment following extracapsular cataract extraction: a follow-up study with an analysis of risk factors.

We reviewed the medical records of 1,726 eyes consecutively operated on with extracapsular cataract extraction to examine the incidence of and the risk factors for retinal detachment (RD). In Denmark, both diagnoses and deaths are registered centrally; therefore, a complete follow-up was achieved in each case and actuarial statistical methods were used in the risk assessment. Seven eyes (0.41%) developed RD and 345 eyes (20.0%) had YAG-laser capsulotomy in the observation period, which averaged 39 months. We identified the following risk factors for RD: age less than 70 years at the time of surgery, intraoperative complications, axial length > or = 25 mm. Nonsignificant factors included male gender and postoperative complications. One eye (0.29%) developed RD following YAG-laser capsulotomy. We concluded that the high risk of RD is concentrated in a small group of myopic patients who have cataract surgery when they are less than 70 years of age. Our results do not suggest a causal relationship between YAG-laser capsulotomy and subsequent RD.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Intraocular pressure 2 1/2 years after extracapsular cataract extraction and sulcus implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens.

The intraocular pressure in 50 eyes of 50 patients was measured 2 1/2 years after planned extracapsular cataract extraction with intended implantation of a posterior chamber lens in the ciliary sulcus. The results were compared to the preoperative values, and the pressure observed after 4 months. Although a significant elevation was found from the fourth month (P = 0.015), the intraocular pressure at 2 1/2 years was found to be significantly lower than the preoperative value (P = 0.002). No significant difference was found in two subgroups in which transillumination defects in the iris or pigment in the lower anterior chamber angle was present.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Vitreous opacification after cataract extraction.

We performed pars plana vitrectomies on a consecutive series of 24 eyes in which nonhemorrhagic vitreous opacification was responsible for loss of visual acuity after cataract extraction. Twelve eyes were aphakic and the remainder were pseudophakic. Preoperative fluorescein angiograms were performed in 20 cases, and the results of all studies were within normal limits. Postoperatively, a restoration of clear media and an improvement in visual acuity occurred in all cases. Visual acuity was 20/20 or better postoperatively in 15 of 24 cases, and 22 of 24 achieved 20/30 or better. The remaining two cases improved to 20/40 and 20/50 from a preoperative level of 20/200 and 20/400, respectively. In carefully selected cases vitrectomy techniques provide an effective means of managing this syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Intraocular dapiprazole for the reversal of mydriasis after extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation. Part I: Dose-response correlation.

Dapiprazole, an alpha-blocking miotic drug, was used intracamerally at the end of extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The double-blind study included 120 patients divided into four groups of 30 eyes; the groups received balanced salt solution, 0.125%, 0.25%, or 0.5% intraocular dapiprazole after IOL implantation and before suturing. Pupillary diameter recordings were performed immediately before and a few minutes after drug injection and two, four, and eight hours after surgery. The results showed a significant reversal of mydriasis by intraocular dapiprazole, especially with the 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations which did not differ significantly in effectiveness and safety.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

Effect of intraocular lens implantation on combined extracapsular cataract extraction with trabeculectomy: a comparative study.

In an attempt to assess the effect of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation on the outcome of combined extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and trabeculectomy we compared 23 eyes subjected to ECCE and trabeculectomy with 23 eyes subjected to a triple procedure-that is, with the addition of IOL implantation. The results showed that IOL implantation did not have a detrimental effect on postoperative IOP reduction, gain in visual acuity, or needs for antiglaucoma medication. The incidence of anterior chamber reactions consisting of the development of posterior synechiae and fibrin formation was significantly higher when IOL had been implanted. However, the fibrin was generally absorbed within 14 days and the posterior synechiae did not occlude the visual axis. We conclude that IOL implantation should be included in these combined operations with the object of rehabilitating visual function.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Decentration of intraocular lenses implanted after intercapsular cataract extraction (envelope technique).

Pseudophakos decentration produces symptoms such as glare, halos, and other visual aberrations. We have reviewed 161 eyes of patients who had an intercapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with a follow-up of at least six months. Mean decentration was 0.54 mm. It was 0.46 mm for the lenses implanted symmetrically in the bag, 0.65 mm for those implanted in the sulcus, and 0.91 mm for those implanted asymmetrically (bag-sulcus). The differences between the lenses fixated in the bag and those asymmetrically situated were statistically significant (P less than .001). Circular looped lenses (360-degree encircling loop) decentered less (mean 0.28 mm) than modified C-loop lenses (mean decentration 0.63 mm) and modified J-loop lenses (mean decentration 0.60 mm). These differences were statistically significant (P less than .001). The differences were also significant if we considered only the lenses implanted in the bag (mean decentration 0.20 versus 0.59 and 0.54, respectively) (P less than .0001).

Aged↗