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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Assessment of beta-tricalcium phosphate as a carrier for bone formation promoting agent, TAK-778-SR].

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of TAK-778-SR which was sustained-release microcapsules of a bone formation stimulant, TAK-778, and its carrier beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) blocks (pore rates 60%, 75% respectively). The difference of their abilities in bone-formation was evaluated histomorphologically by varying the following conditions: with or without TAK-778, pore ratio of carrier and embedding period. METHODS: Nine-week-old female SD rats were used. After removing the parietal bone from the head with a trephine bar, the defects were refilled by beta-TCP blocks immersed with or without TAK-778 under the following conditions: saline solution, release microcapsules only, and release microcapsules with TAK-778 (TAK-778-SR). These rats were sacrificed after 5 and 10 weeks and their histological specimens were prepared. Morphological change was observed and the formation rates of each new bone were compared using an NIH imaging program. RESULTS: A significant amount of new bone was morphologically observed in all beta-TCP samples that were treated with TAK-778-SR. A high rate of new bone formation was confirmed in the 10-week samples (pore rate 75%, with TAK-778-SR) with the NIH imaging. CONCLUSIONS: 1. beta-TCP and release microcapsules did not disturb the recovery process. 2. Five- and 10-week samples (pore rate 60%) were absorbed marginally. 3. Absorption was observed in the 5-week samples (pore rate 75%), and it was accelerated further at 10 weeks. 4. An accelerating bone-formation effect of TAK-778-SR was confirmed and beta-TCP block was proved to be highly useful as a carriage material.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sparse substance P-like immunoreactivity in intervertebral discs. Nerve fibers and endings in the rat.

I studied rat lumbar intervertebral discs using a monoclonal antibody to substance P, which revealed immunoreactivity in the periosteum and ligaments adjacent to the intervertebral disc. Fibers containing substance P-like immunoreactivity were also found penetrating and terminating within the annulus fibrosus of both the anterior and posterior intervertebral disc. The maximum depth of penetration was 5 lamellae (annular rings) or approximately one sixth of the depth of the annulus. The terminal structures were not encapsulated (free-nerve endings) and were either branched, looped or both. The majority of fibers were varicose in appearance. Substance P-like immunoreactivity was very minor.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The relevance of experimental models in the pathogenetic investigation of primary IgA nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy, the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis, progresses to terminal renal failure in about 25% of patients 10 years after the apparent clinical onset. Since its description in 1968 an intense research effort in order to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms has involved the study of animal models of the disease. In this review we analyze the experimental work reported since 1979, when the first animal model of IgA nephropathy was published by Rifai et al. We also discuss the interplay between experimental data and relevant clinical observations. Finally, we report the new insights about the role played by cytokines and growth factors.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Inhibition of disease flare with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate and chlormadinone acetate administration for two weeks prior to slow-releasing leuprolide acetate in prostatic cancer patients.

To determine whether administration of estrogen or gestagen prior to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist prevents disease flare in prostate cancer patients, we pretreated the patients with either diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (DES-P) 300 mg daily (N = 17) or chlormadinone acetate (CMA) 100 mg daily (N = 16) or none (N = 16) for two weeks before the initial injection of leuprolide acetate (L). Blood samples for prostatic specific antigen (PSA), testosterone (T), and luteinizing hormone were collected before CMA and DES-P administration, before and at 2, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after the first administration of leuprolide. The treatment with DES-P and CMA prior to LH-RH agonist induced an early decline of PSA. The mean PSA level showed no significant secondary rise in those patients with pretreatment after L administration. In the patients pretreated with DES-P or CMA, the mean serum T level never exceeded the pretreatment baseline after L administration. On the other hand, in the patients without DES-P or CMA, both serum T and PSA levels increased after the first administration of L. These results clearly demonstrate that pretreatment with DES-P 300 mg daily or CMA 100 mg daily for 2 weeks is quite effective to prevent disease flare after the first administration of L in patients with prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Slow reacting substance as a preformed mediator from human lung.

Homogenates from human lung contained a preformed slow reacting substance (pSRS). The pattern of contraction on the guinea-pig ileum by pSRS was indistinguishable from that of SRS-A. The activity of pSRS could not be attributed to the presence of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, or any prostaglandin including PGF2 or its 15-oxo derivative. As with SRS-A, pSRS could be absorbed onto Amberlite XAD-2 and silicic acid. Both were eluted from the former with 80 per cent ethanol and from the latter with a mixture of ethanol, ammonia and water. Both pSRS and SRS-A were resistant to the action of NaOH whereas their activities were destroyed by boiling in HCl. Arylsulphatase II B destroyed the activities of both pSRS and SRS-A. An antagonist of SRS-A, FPL55712, inhibited the action of pSRS at comparable concentrations to that of SRS-A. These experiments suggest that pSRS and SRS-A are identical. Thus SRS joins histamine and ECF-A as a preformed mediator. Although SRS was present in a preformed state the amount of material extractable was more than doubled by the anaphylactic reaction. The extraction of slow reacting substance from human lung without apparent requirement for antigen or antibody points to a possible role of this mediator in inflammatory reactions evoked by mechanisms independent of IgE and other tissue-sensitizing antibodies.

Antigens↗
PubMed2000

Distribution of substance P-like immunoreactive fibers in feline temporomandibular joint.

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of substance P-like immunoreactive fibers in feline temporomandibular joint. METHODS: The immunohistochemical PAP method was used for the investigation of the distribution of substance P-like immunoreactive fibers in feline temporomandibular joint. RESULTS: The TMJ capsule and the anterior and posterior disc attachments all contained SP-immunoreactive nerve fibers, but the medium fibers in diameter were mainly observed. The density of the distribution of SP-positive nerve fibers was the highest in the subsynovium of the TMJ capsule. The density of distribution was similar in the anterior and posterior disc attachments, but lower than in the subsynovium and the lateral joint capsule. Such fibers in the synovial membrane were sparser, and a part of the fibers were seen around the thin blood vessels in all the foregoing tissues. CONCLUSION: These results provide the morphological data for exploring the neurobiological mechanisms of temporomandibular joint disorder and its pain.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Formation of slow-reacting substance by guinea pig immunoglobulins.

The capacity of guinea pig antibodies to mediate the antigen-induced release of slow-reacting substance (SRS) in the rat peritoneal cavity is restricted to IgG2 and, to a lesser extent, to IgG1 populations of immunoglobulin. IgM and homocytotropic antibody of the reaginic type lacked this activity. The process was partially blocked by previous decomplementation of the rats, was not affected by previous reduction of the circulating leukocytes, and was partially suppressed by previous depletion of circulating platelets with an antiserum to rat platelets.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative administration of a slow releasing somatostatin analog (SR-lanreotide, BIM 23014) in patients with acromegaly in the course of GH-releasing adenoma].

To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of slow releasing analogue of somatostatin (SR-Lanreotide) in the pretreatment for GH-releasing adenomas, especially macroadenomas. During the last four years (between January 1996 and December 1999) the authors carried out 382 transsphenoidal operations for to various lesions. There were 169 acromegalic patients in this group. 82 of them received, as pretreatment, the slow releasing analogue of somatostatin (SR-Lanreotide, BIM 23014) in a dose of 30 mg every 14 days for 3 months (6 injections). There were 55 women and 27 men (range 25-68, mean age 44.8 years, SD +/- 10 years) operated on by one experienced neurosurgeon. The concentrations of serum GH--70.5 micrograms/l (range 5.3-500 micrograms/l, SD +/- 83.9 micrograms/l) and IGF-I--1302 micrograms/l (range 610-2030 micrograms/l, SD +/- 360.7 micrograms/l) were high. Out of these 82 patients 79 had macroadenomas with suprasellar and parasellar extension. The volume of the tumours was calculated according to the formula of Di Chiro-Nelson. The mean volume of the tumour was 4146.9 mm3 (range 213.5-38595.3 mm3, SD +/- 5675.9 mm3). The response to the pretreatment suppression of the serum GH, IGF-I level and shrinkage of the tumours--were evaluated before surgery. Second MR examination was performed in 38 pretreated patients. During the Lanreotide treatment mean serum GH level decreased from 70.5 to 15.6 micrograms/l (p < 0.0001), mean serum IGF-I concentration decreased from 1302 to 787 micrograms/l and mean volume of the tumour decreased from 5662 to 2326 mm3 (p < 0.0001). During surgery, tumours were observed to be softer, had liquid consistency and were easier removed. 57 patient (69.5%) who underwent surgery had GH below 5 micrograms/l and were cured. Transsphenoidal microsurgical resection of pituitary adenomas is the primary treatment for acromegaly. Lanreotide pretreatment significantly decreased mean serum GH and IGF-I level, shrinks the tumour and make it much softer and easier to be removed.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of vasotocin and prostaglandin E2 on absorption of water and ions in the large intestine of a grass fog].

In experiments on the frog Rana temporaria L. isolated colon, it has been shown that the rate of fluid absorption from the lumen is the highest when the lumen contains a hypotonic solution (22.5 mOsm/kg H2O), whereas the rate is lower in case of mucosal Ringer solution (225 mOsm/kg H2O). 10 nmole arginine-vasotocin rises the hypotonic fluid absorption, while 0.1 mumole prostaglandin E2 reduces the fluid absorption. Water content in the colon wall is the highest at mucosal hypotonic Ringer solution. 0.1 mumole prostaglandin E2 decreases hydration of the colon tissue. Secretion of prostaglandins E1 and E2 into the extracellular fluid of the colon has been established. The data obtained indicate participation of vasotocin and prostaglandin E2 in regulation of fluid absorption in the frog colon.

Animals↗