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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic studies of the 1975 avian influenza outbreak in chickens in Alabama.

The epidemiology of the first reported non-fowl-plague avian influenza (AI) virus, A/Chicken/Alabama/75 (Hav4Neq2), isolated from chickens in the United States is discussed. The signs and pathologic changes have been described. The environment, nutrition, and stress factors are discussed as possible contributors to the disease syndrome observed in 3 commercial egg-laying flocks. Avian influenza antibody was demonstrated by agargel precipitation in convalescent chickens through 83 days postinfection. A serological survey of 321 additional poultry flocks was negative for antibodies against avian influenza. A survey was made by serology and virus isolation techniques on 387 wild free-flying birds that fed and roosted in the area. Wild waterfowl are discussed as a possible source of the AI virus.

Alabama↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaborative needs assessment and systems development in Alabama: Process and products.

This article describes the implementation of a collaborative project and its results, involving a department of maternal and child health (DMCH) in a school of public health and a state department of public health. The state received a federal grant to enhance systems development for women and children. Adequate information regarding the existing system of health care was lacking. The state contracted with the DMCH for assistance in designing and conducting a needs assessment, whose purpose was to (1) identify strengths and weaknesses in the state system of care, (2) provide baseline information for targeting resources and measuring change, and (3) initiate an on-going process of assessment and evaluation of need. The DMCH collected data about financial and nonfinancial barriers to care from state-level health agency and organization experts, county-level service personnel, and consumers. The contributions to understanding the needs of the state offered by the information garnered in the three surveys helped the state in setting immediate and long-range objectives. The presence of the school of public health and the focus of its particular DMCH on assisting state agencies provided an atmosphere in which the state could ask for assistance and the university could respond in a way that was useful and relevant to the state's needs. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): assessment, health planning, health priorities, interprofessional relations, program planning, public health.

Alabama↗
PubMed1995

Molecular abnormality of a phosphoglycerate kinase variant (PGK-Alabama).

The molecular abnormality of a phosphoglycerate kinase variant associated with severe red cell enzyme deficiency ( about 4% of normal) and episodes of hemolysis with jaundice was examined. The Michaelis constants for the substrates and co-enzymes (1.3-diphosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglycerate, ATP and ADP) were not grossly different from that of normal. However that variant enzyme was very labile in vitro. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the variant cDNA revealed a deletion of codon AAG in exon 7. The codon deletion should result in the election of one of the tandem lysine residues existing at amino acid 190-191 of the enzyme protein. Based on the three dimensional structure of the protein, molecular instability could could be induced by the deletion of a lysine residue.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of primary angioplasty versus thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Alabama Registry of Myocardial Ischemia Investigators.

To determine the relative merits of primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction, 12 tertiary care hospitals entered patients who had > or = 30 minutes of chest pain and were admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit within 12 hours of symptom onset into a prospective registry. Of 1,170 such patients, 118 (10%) underwent primary PTCA and 230 (19%) received intravenous thrombolytic therapy within 6 hours of registry hospital admission (144 at the registry hospital and 86 prior to arrival at the registry hospital). Baseline demographic characteristics of PTCA and thrombolytic subgroups were remarkably similar. The interval from initial evaluation at the registry hospital to treatment was shorter with intravenous thrombolytic therapy than with primary PTCA (64 vs 104 minutes, p < 0.001), as was the interval from pain onset to treatment (184 vs 252 minutes, p < 0.001). Among the 230 thrombolytic patients, coronary arteriography and PTCA were performed within the first 24 hours in 44% and 18%, respectively, and during the entire hospitalization in 90% and 49%, respectively. During hospitalization, blood was transfused in 16% of the 230 thrombolytic patients versus 5.9% of the 118 PTCA patients (p < 0.001). Otherwise, adverse events during the initial hospitalization were similar in PTCA and thrombolytic groups. Survival at 1-year follow-up was 88% in the PTCA group and 91% in the thrombolytic group (p = NS), and survival free of reinfarction was 85% and 88%, respectively (p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The Alabama preterm birth study: corticosteroids and neonatal outcomes in 23- to 32-week newborns with various markers of intrauterine infection.

OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine inflammation/infection is cited as a contraindication to the use of corticosteroids (CS). Our goal was to determine if CS given prenatally to enhance fetal maturity were harmful to infants with various indications of intrauterine infection. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of data obtained from 457 consecutively enrolled infants delivered between 23 and 32 weeks. Cultures and a histologic examination of the placenta, and cord blood interleukin (IL)-6 levels were obtained. Neonatal outcomes included periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), chronic lung disease (CLD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and infant death. RESULTS: Of the 457 pregnancies, 57.6% had a positive placental culture, 49.8% had histologic chorioamnionitis/funisitis, 28.8% had elevated cord IL-6 levels, and 12.5% had clinical chorioamnionitis. With intrauterine infection/inflammation, none of the neonatal outcomes were significantly worse if mothers were treated with CS. For those with histologic chorioamnionitis/funisitis, of the outcomes historically improved with CS, RDS (59.9 vs 72.2% P = .16), IVH (9.7 vs 14.7% P = .38), and neonatal death (9.9 vs 11.1% P = .82) all occurred less frequently with CS treatment, but differences were not significant. Similar results were seen for women with a positive placental culture. For women with an elevated IL-6, RDS was significantly reduced (59.4 vs 84.2 %, P = .045). Neonatal SIRS was significantly reduced with CS in women with histologic chorioamnionitis/funisitis (39.7 vs 65.7%, P = .005), positive placental cultures (32.7 vs 56.3%, P = .01), and elevated IL-6 levels (42.7 vs 73.7%, P = .02). CONCLUSION: In women with intrauterine infection/inflammation, CS use was not associated with significant worsening in any neonatal outcome, and was associated with significant reductions in RDS and SIRS. These data suggest that CS use may not be contraindicated in the presence of intrauterine inflammation/infection.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗