SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “ADRENAL CORTEX”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[Effects of psychotropic drugs on the epithelium of rat mammary gland, uterus, uterine glands and adrenal cortex].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Effect of anabolic hormones on the glucocorticoid functioning of the adrenal cortex].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Relationship between glandular cells and sinusoids of adrenal cortex.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Perioperative administration of adrenal cortex hormones].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Studies on renal juxtaglomerular cells. II. Correlation of the degree of granulation of juxtaglomerular cells with width of the zone glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex.
Many of the observations made by Deane and associates (8, 13, 14) regarding the effects of salt restriction, excess salt intake, and hypophysectomy on the zonna glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in the rat have been confirmed. A positive correlation (r = 0.63) of high statistical significance has been demonstrated between the degree of granulation of JG cells (JGI) and the width of the zona glomerulosa in 159 rats from 5 series of experiments in which low, normal, and high salt regimens were employed. A somewhat higher correlation (r = 0.81) was obtained when only rats were included from the most recent experiment of the series in which JGI counts were more accurate. Under the conditions of these experiments, therefore, increased granulation and degranulation of JG cells were associated with hyperactivity and suppressed activity, respectively, of the zona glomerulosa. Rats sacrificed 4 to 7 weeks after hypophysectomy were found to have normal JG cells. This finding constitutes another example of the similarity in response of JG cells to that of the zona glomerulosa, which also remained unaltered following hypophysectomy despite atrophy of the rest of the adrenal cortex.
Effects of suramin on the function and structure of the adrenal cortex in the cynomolgus monkey.
There have been reports of adrenal failure in patients treated with suramin, an agent that has recently been used as therapy for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. We conducted this study to assess the effect of suramin on adrenal function and structure in a primate, the cynomolgus monkey. Five male monkeys were treated with suramin (800 mg/m2, im) once a week, for 5 weeks. Five other animals (controls) received saline. The treated animals had progressive elevations of plasma ACTH (P less than 0.05) and PRA (P less than 0.02) and decreased serum cortisol responses 30 min after the administration of synthetic ACTH (P less than 0.05) compared to controls. There was disruption of the architecture of the adrenal cortex, a diffuse inflammatory cell infiltrate, and thinning of the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata in the suramin-treated animals. We conclude that suramin is toxic to adrenal cortical tissue and might be useful in treating conditions with adrenal cortical hyperfunction, such as adrenal cortical carcinoma and Cushing's syndrome.
[Failure of the intravenous ACTH tests in a case of Cushing's syndrome following bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. Postoperative substitution of a 21-desoxysteroid].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Carcinoma of the adrenal cortex: clinical description, diagnosis, and treatment.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Long-term exposure to noise modifies rat adrenal cortex ultrastructure and corticosterone plasma levels.
Female rats were exposed to noise 6 h daily for 7 or 21 days running. The effects of stress were evaluated both on adrenal cortex ultrastructure and on plasma corticosterone levels. Subcellular examination showed a marked involvement of each zona of the adrenal cortex. In particular, we observed various alterations, the most frequent consisting of diluted matrix and cristolysis of mitochondria and swelling of smooth endoplasmic reticulum membranes. These morphological changes were most prominent after longer exposure to noise. Similarly, corticosterone plasma levels significantly increased over the time of application of noise stimulus. The present findings indicate that prolonged exposure to loud noise induced structural and functional modifications in the adrenal gland. These data might be potentially relevant in contributing to explain the effects induced in humans exposed to loud noise in a variety of environmental conditions.
Analytical color fluorescence electron microscopy of adrenal cortex.
The analytical color fluorescence electron microscope (ACFEM) was employed to study rat adrenal gland. The lipid droplets of adrenocortical cells emitted cathodoluminescence (CL) and this spectrum had two peak wavelengths at 320 and 430 nm. Administration of hypocholesterolemic drugs, 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol and 4-aminopyrazolo pyrimidine, significantly decreased the CL of 320 nm in all three zones of the adrenal cortex. Conversely, in hypophysectomized-rat adrenal cortices, the CL of 320 nm significantly increased and that of 430 nm diminished. In the ACTH-treated group, CL of 320 nm in the zonae fasciculata and reticularis faded up to 2 hours after injection, while that in the zona glomerulosa remained. These results suggest that the CL of 320 nm in adrenocortical cells is derived from cholesterol ester. The CL analysis by the ACFEM in combination with the cryo-scanning electron microscopy method can be an alternative to conventional histochemical technique in simplicity, specificity, and preservation of the ultrastructure.
Increased activity of spermidine N1-acetyltransferase in the adrenal cortex of rats following administration of exogenous spermidine, carbamylcholine, 2-deoxyglucose and dopamine agonists.
The activity of N1-acetyltransferase was increased in the dissected adrenal cortex of the rat following a single administration of spermidine. The activity was maximal 6-8 h after the onset of treatment. The increase in enzyme activity was abolished when the rats were given cycloheximide 2 h after spermidine; this suggests that increased activity results from an augmentation in the synthesis of the enzyme. Adrenocortical spermidine N1-acetyltransferase was also induced by carbamylcholine, 2-deoxyglucose, apomorphine and piribedil, drugs that are known to cause induction of ornithine decarboxylase in that organ. Hypophysectomized rats showed reduced activity of spermidine N1-acetyltransferase when compared to sham-operated controls, and carbamylcholine no longer elicited an increase in enzyme activity in such animals. Adrenocortical spermidine N1-acetyltransferase activity of hypophysectomized rats is induced by corticotropin (ACTH). These results suggest a hormonal control over the activity of the enzyme in the adrenal cortex with ACTH acting as a mediator.
[Gastrointestinal tract in diseases of the adrenal cortex].
Clinico-roentgenological study of the gastrointestinal tract was carried out in 86 patients with diseases of the adrenal cortex. A hyperplastic relief of the gastric mucosa was revealed in the adreno-genital syndrome, Itsenko-Cushing's disease, androsteroma and glucosteroma; the relief was hypoplastic in Addison's disease. Ulcerative lesions found in Addison's disease were erosive and associated with the corticosteroid therapy instituted. Functional changes in small intestine in Itsenko--Cushing's disease, glucosteroma and Addison's disease were chiefly hypomotor-hypotonic in character, and in the adreno-genital syndrome and androsteromas--hypermotor-normotonic. Electrogastrography revealed different disturbances in the rhythm and amplitude of oscillations in the gastric biopotentials pointing to the changes in the vegetative innervation.
The morphometric parameters of adrenal cortex in sows: in normal condition and after prolactin infusion.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of experimental hyperprolactinemia on the stereological parameters of porcine adrenal cortex. In cyclic sows, after preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, porcine prolactin (PRL, 0.3 mg) or saline were administered i.v. for 48 h at 2 h intervals. Next sows were slaughtered and adrenal glands were dissected. Stereological analysis of the left adrenal gland did not reveal any significant differences between control and PRL-treated sows. Experimental hyperprolactinemia did not affect the volume of particular cortical zones, the number and the volume of adrenocortical cells or the average volume of their cell nuclei. Moreover, we present for the first time a detailed stereological description of adrenal cortex in sows.
[STUDY OF THE IN VITRO SECRETION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX IN THE EPIPHYSECTOMIZED RAT].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX IN THE PROCESS OF AGING].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[DETERMINATION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN ADRENAL CORTEX EXTRACTS BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Innervation of the human adrenal cortex: simultaneous visualisation using acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and dopamine beta-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry.
The inter-relationship between putative cholinergic and noradrenergic innervation of the human adrenal cortex was investigated using a technique which combined acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, choline acetyltransferase radiochemistry and dopamine beta-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Cholinergic and noradrenergic nerve fibres had a near-identical distribution, with varicose noradrenergic fibres located immediately alongside non-varicose cholinergic nerve bundles in all cortical zones. Choline acetyltransferase activity was consistently detected in the adrenal cortex, confirming the presence of cholinergic neurons. It is postulated that noradrenergic innervation has a role in the modulation of cortical endocrine secretion, while cholinergic nerves are mainly concerned with the control of medullary secretion.