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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Unexpected breast cancer detection after outpatient biopsy for benign lesion.

At the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan, in its Outpatient Department, 1302 breast surgical biopsies were carried out in 1978. Fibroadenomas occurred in 44.2% and benign dysplasias in 39.3%. Sixty-two cancers (4.8%) and 23 atypical hyperplasias (1.8%) were unexpected findings, with an increasing incidence in women over 50. Seventy-nine duct resections were performed for significant nipple discharge and revealed 5 unexpected carcinomas and 28 papillomas or papillomatosis. In our opinion and experience, this procedure of performing breast biopsy in the presence of a solid lump in women over 30 without hospitalization improves early detection of cancer, lowers costs, cuts down admission waiting lists and increases the number of women who better accept a surgical diagnosis and treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue polypeptide antigen immunostaining in fine needle aspirates from solid breast nodules.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) immunostaining in the evaluation of aspiration smears from solid breast nodules and to discuss its possible clinical applications. Seventy-one cytologic specimens were studied; 52 were carcinomas, 15 fibroadenomas and 4 fibrocystic dysplasia. TPA was visualized with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, using 3-3' diaminobenzidine as chromogen and hematoxylin as counterstaining. The incidence of TPA-positive aspiration smears was 88.5% in the carcinomas and 26.7% in the fibroadenomas. The four cases of fibrocystic dysplasia showed variable behaviour. The intensity of the TPA staining varied from - to and was most frequently high in the carcinomas. The results of this research show a good correlation between a diagnosis of carcinoma and TPA positivity in fine needle aspirates of solid breast nodules.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA) in tissue and serum of patients with breast cancer: clinical applications in prognosis and disease monitoring.

Mucin-like Carcinoma-associated Antigen (MCA) has been associated with many breast cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate MCA in tumor tissue and serum as a potential tumor marker for prognosis and disease monitoring. MCA levels were determined in the tissue of 196 patients with primary breast cancer, 25 with metastatic disease and 25 patients with benign diseases, in pellet and/or cytosol. MCA levels were also determined in the serum of 50 patients with benign diseases, 148 with primary breast cancer (Mo), 150 with metastatic breast cancer (MT), and 200 with no clinical evidence of disease (NED). MCA tissue concentrations in pellet and cytosol were similar: 66.7 + 251 U/mg and 41.1 + 53 U/mg, respectively. No relationship between MCA levels and tumor size or nodal involvement was found. Higher MCA levels were observed in patients with ER+ or PgR+ tumors than in those with ER- or PgR- tumors (p < 0.01). Patients with MCA pellet concentrations lower than 10 U/mg of protein had shorter disease-free intervals (DFI) than those with higher values (p < 0.05). Abnormally high serum levels of MCA were found in 8% of patients with benign diseases, 4% of NED patients, 22% of Mo patients, and in 76% of MT cases. In primary breast cancer MCA values were related to tumor size and nodal involvement. A trend toward a lower DFI in patients with elevated presurgical MCA levels was observed but was of no statistical significance. These differences became statistically significant when patients were subdivided according to nodal status, with shorter DFI in those without nodal invasion (p < 0.05). In metastatic patients, changes in serum MCA were related to the tumor's response to treatment in 82% of cases. The highest MCA values were found in patients with liver or bone metastasis and the lowest values were found in those with locoregional recurrence. In conclusion, although MCA is not a specific tumor marker, it can be useful as a prognostic factor (tissue and serum) and in monitoring metastatic patients.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA) in breast cancer: clinical experience at the National Cancer Institute of Milan.

Mucin-like Carcinoma-associated Antigen (MCA) is a glycoprotein belonging to the mucin family; it is defined by the monoclonal antibody b-12. Mucins represent an interesting group of tumor markers and are widely utilized in the clinical monitoring of neoplastic patients. These molecules show a certain degree of tissue specificity and MCA is preferentially associated with breast tissue. Several studies have demonstrated that patients with breast cancer usually have high MCA serum levels. In this paper the experience of the National Cancer Institute of Milan with the clinical use of MCA in breast cancer patients is reported. The observed sensitivity of the MCA test was poor in patients with early-stage disease, while it was acceptable in patients with advanced breast cancer. MCA concentrations appeared to be directly related to disease spread. A clear relationship was seen between MCA levels and lymph-nodal status. The highest MCA plasma levels were observed in patients with metastatic disease. In this group of patients the sensitivity of the test on the basis of a cut-off of 11 U/mL was 52%.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

Administration of ketoprofen suppositories for out-patient post-operative analgesia.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was carried out to assess the efficacy of ketoprofen suppositories as a post-operative analgesic in out-patients undergoing extirpation surgery. Thirty patients received 2 X 100 mg ketoprofen suppositories, and 30 patients received placebo suppositories 1-hour pre-operatively. Patients received no premedication and the anaesthetic used was intravenous diazepam and ketamine administered by intravenous drip according to the patient's need. Subjective symptoms of pain were evaluated 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes post-operatively. None of the patients who received ketoprofen complained of post-operative pain, whereas the patients on placebo showed varying degrees of pain. The only side-effects recorded were nausea and vomiting both in ketoprofen and placebo-treated patients and these were probably related to the anaesthetic.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1981

Estradiol and progesterone receptors in human breast fibroadenomas.

Estradiol and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) were studied in 46 breast fibroadenomas obtained at different periods of the menstrual cycle (n = 38) or from patients under combined estrogen-progestagen contraceptive (n = 4) or substitutive progestagen treatment for progesterone insufficiency (n = 4). Cytosolic and nuclear ER (ERc and ERn) increased throughout the follicular phase and were at their maximal level in the preovulatory phase. They decreased during the luteal phase. PR levels were high in the follicular phase, especially in the cytosol (PRc). PRc then decreased while nuclear progesterone receptor (PRn) increased at the beginning of the luteal phase. Thereafter, PRc and PRn decreased and remained low during the luteal phase. PRc and PRn levels in fibroadenomas from patients under estrogen-progestagen therapy were similar to those found during the luteal phase of untreated patients. In patients receiving a substitutive progestagen treatment to correct progesterone insufficiency, PRn was markedly higher than PRc. The existence of ER and PR in breast fibroadenomas and the variations in their levels during the menstrual cycle or under hormonal treatment provide valuable information on the hormone dependency of breast fibroadenoma.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Estradiol 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in human breast fibroadenomas.

In the human endometrium, the presence of the progesterone-dependent enzyme 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (E2DH) permits the conversion of an active estrogen, estradiol, into a less active one, estrone. This E2DH activity contributes to the antiestrogenic properties of progesterone. In the present study, E2DH activity was assayed in 54 surgically removed fibroadenomas. This benign breast disease was chosen since it offers rather homogeneous epithelial concentrations and still remains close to normal breast tissue from a pathological and hormonal point of view. E2DH activity was highest in fibroadenomas with high epithelial cell density. In addition, in these high epithelial cell density fibroadenomas (n = 18), E2DH activity increased markedly throughout the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Thus, it was 3- to 4-fold higher in fibroadenomas removed at the end of the luteal phase (1520 +/- 166 fmol/mg protein.h) than in those obtained during the follicular phase (375 +/- 95 fmol/mg protein.h). In addition, a striking increase in E2DH activity was observed in fibroadenomas from 5 patients treated with oral progestins (4080 +/- 650 fmol/mg protein.h) and 3 patients receiving progesterone topically applied upon the breast (3830 +/- 475 fmol/mg protein.h). E2DH activity, therefore, appears to be an important mechanism involved in the control by progesterone of estradiol action in breast tissue, as it is in the endometrium. It is also a good index of cellular differentiation and progesterone action at the molecular level. It is hypothesized that E2DH activity might be a specific marker of progesterone receptor itself and could be proposed in the evaluation of the hormone dependence of human breast tissue.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1975

Thermography of the female breast: a five-year study in relation to the detection and prognosis of cancer.

More than 12,000 women have been examined thermographically in the Breast Unit of the Royal Marsden Hospital, London. Of these women 1,464 had biopsy and histology; 363(25 per cent) were found to have carcinoma and of these 68 per cent had abnormal thermograms, 13 per cent has some thermal asymmetry of doubtful significance and 19 per cent had normal thermal patterns. Fifty-seven per cent and 62 per cent of patients with Stage I and Stage II cancer, respectively, had abnormal thermograms whereas 83 per cent of patients with Stage III cancer had abnormal thermograms. Of 1,101 women who had benign lesions, 63 per cent had normal thermal patterns, 15 per cent had thermal asymmetry of doubtful significance and 22 per cent had abnormal thermograms. The subsequent histories of 172 cancer patients examined thermographically have been analysed and three-year survival rates have been correlated with thermography report, the clinical stage of the disease and the histotogical grade (Bloom, 1950) of the excised tumour. The mean three-year survival rates for patients with Stage II or Stage III cancer are 84 per cent for those with normal and 61 per cent for those with abnormal thermograms.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Percutaneous injection of contrast medium into breast lesions for radiographic exclusion of malignancy.

Contrast medium was injected percutaneously into palpable breast lesions in 63 patients in order to demonstrate lactiferous ducts. Of 35 benign and mammographically definable tumours, 30 were successfully punctured and ducts were visualized in 20, while ducts were demonstrated in seven of 21 non-definable lesions. Ducts were seen in 10 of 13 fibroadenomas removed by surgery, in two of four hamartomas, and in two of three cases of mastitis. No ducts were seen in six solid, malignant tumours examined, while one intracystic papillary carcinoma showed filling defects caused by the malignant growth. It was concluded that the method is simple, and that the demonstration of ducts is an indication of the benign nature of a lesion.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

An assessment of ultrasound mammography as an additional investigation for the diagnosis of breast disease.

X-ray mammography was performed on 446 patients with suspected breast disease and 23 breast carcinomas were detected of 26 (sensitivity: 88.5%) that were ultimately diagnosed in the 12-24 months' period following examination. Ultrasound mammography was used as an additional procedure in 183 patients because the radiographic findings were considered to be indeterminate and it detected an additional two carcinomas, to give an overall sensitivity of 96%. X-ray mammography identified 40 benign lesions and subsequent ultrasound mammography characterised 38 of these as being either cystic or solid. Ultrasound also detected an additional 32 benign lesions (28 cysts and 4 fibroadenomas) which had not been evident on X-ray mammography. It is concluded that ultrasound mammography is a useful complementary procedure for those patients who have radiodense breasts or indeterminate radiographic findings on X-ray mammography.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

Fibroadenolipoma of the breast.

Fibroadenolipoma is a well recognised but unusual benign tumour of the breast. It is a circumscribed lesion composed of fat and other breast tissues which may be normal or which may show various benign changes. The presence of smooth muscle has been recorded but was not found in our cases. A series of eight cases is described, occurring over a period of 10 years in a series of 20 000 mammograms. Radiological and pathological correlation is made and histological changes are described. Our findings are compared with other reviews in the literature. The lesions are usually diagnosed radiologically.

Adenofibroma↗