Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “serotype”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Distribution of serotypes and biotypes of Campylobacter jejuni/coli strains from ten provinces/cities in China].

The Lior's schemes were used for serotyping and biotyping 301 C. jejuni/coli strains isolated from different hosts in ten provinces/cities of China. No difference was found between the serotype distributions of the strains isolated from various areas. Forty-one serotypes were detected. Of the isolates, 86.71% were typable and 3 new serotypes, LIO N-1, N-2 and N-3, were developed. The differences were proved among the serotype distributions of the isolates from different areas. It was shown that one host could be infected by two (or more) strains belonging to different serotypes at the same time. No association between a particular biotype and serotype was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Serotyping and subtyping strains of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from patients in Czechoslovakia 1975-1986].

The paper presents results of serotyping and subtyping of 181 strains of N. meningitidis isolated from patients in the CSR during 1975-1988. A new method of whole-cell ELISA with monoclonal antibodies was used. During the investigation period in strains of N. meningitidis serogroup A only serotype 4 was detected (68.4%) and no subtype was found. In N. meningitidis, serogroups B and C, heterogeneity of serotypes and subtypes was found and a relatively high percentage of strains where the type or subtype could not be detected. In N. meningitidis serogroup B serotype 15 (11.0%) and 4 (8.2%) and subtype P1.15 (14.9%) and P1.2 (12.9%) predominated. In N. meningitidis serogroup C serotype 4 (28.8%) and 15 (7.7%) and subtype P1.2 (21.1%) and P1.6 (11.6%) prevailed. This detected heterogeneity of serotypes and subtypes corresponds to the findings of other authors during non-epidemic conditions. The authors present the most frequent combinations of serotypes and subtypes in strains of different serological groups A : 4 : NT, B : NT : P1.2, B : 4 : P1.15, B : 15 : 1.15, B : 15 : NT, C : 4 : NT, C : NT : P1.2. The work confirms the homogeneity of antigenic properties of N. meningitidis strains isolated from one focus.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of serotype 2 Marek's disease virus from birds belonging to genus Gallus in Japan.

Serotype 2 of Marek's disease virus (MDV) was isolated from apparently healthy birds belonging to genus Gallus that had no history of vaccination with MDV or herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). Buffy-coat cells from these birds were inoculated onto chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cultures for primary isolation. Thirteen isolates from one golden pheasant and three white silky fowls, three black silky fowls, three Japanese long crowers, and three Japanese bantams produced herpes-like cytopathic effects (CPE) in the CEF cultures. Using serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies to MDV and HVT, 11 isolates were identified as serotype 2 MDV by indirect fluorescent antibody tests. The other two isolates were complicated with serotypes 1 and 3 of MDV-related viruses. Of 13 isolates, three cloned by the limiting-dilution method were further characterized as serotype 2 MDV biologically, genetically, and serologically. The results showed that the birds of the genus Gallus were naturally infected with serotype 2 MDV. This is the first report ever published about the distribution of serotype 2 MDV among healthy birds of the genus Gallus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A new serotype of Shigella boydii].

Two strains which belong to the same serotype of Shigella were isolated from the bloody-pus stool of two patients (in 1986) and is reported in this paper. The results were identical both showing agglutination in low titer with serotype 8 of S. dysenteriae and serotype 4 of S. boydii when the two strains were checked well with all kinds of diagnostic antisera and vice versa, ie the antisera produced by the two strains were also checked well with sera prepared with the representative strains of all Shigella spp. No cross agglutination with O6, O7, and O150 of E. coli were found. Consequently, It appears to be a new serotype of Shigella. These two strains possess the ability of causing keratitis in guinea-pigs as well as invading epithelial cells, the DNA of both strains in agarose-electrophoresis showed a large plasmid, indicating that they are virulent strains possessing invasive ability. It was concluded that these two strains belonged to Shigella boydii as they fermented mannitol and non-related antigenically with Shigella flexneri. Since serotype 1-18 of S. boydii have been reported recently, we propose that this new serotype should be serotype 19 of Shigella boydii.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Capsular polysaccharide antigens for detection of serotype-specific antibodies to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

Capsular polysaccharides (CPS) of serotypes 1, 2, 5 and 7 of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae were obtained from 18 h culture supernatants by precipitation with hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (Cetavlon) followed by extraction with sodium chloride and reprecipitation in ethanol. These crude extracts, and portions purified further by phenol extraction to remove contaminating proteins, were evaluated as antigens for the detection of serotype-specific antibodies to A. pleuropneumoniae in sera from immunized rabbits and swine by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The crude extracts reacted strongly with homologous antisera, but except for serotype 1 showed considerable cross-reactivity with antisera to other serotypes. Phenol extraction greatly improved the serospecificity of the antigens from serotypes 1, 7 and, to a lesser extent, 5. The serotype 2 CPS antigen showed poor reactivity following phenol extraction, and did not appear as useful for detection of serotype-specific antibodies.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of Salmonella serotypes isolated in Spain from human and non human sources (1983-1987).

Salmonella serotypes over a five year period were studied in order to know their prevalence in Spain. The Salmonella Reference Centre received a total of 17,612 strains from 1983-1987. The majority (16,133) were of human origin and only 1,479 strains were isolated from non-human sources. The serotyping yielded 100 different serotypes, Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (8) being the commonest in both groups, 61.18% of human origin and 31.91% of non-human origin. Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium the commonest serotype in many countries, occupies second place in our results with the following percentages 11.87% and 9.67% respectively. Among the strains of human origin Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi occupies fourth place (3.24%). This is very low compared with the high number of clinically diagnosed typhoid fever cases declared in the country: over 5,000 cases per year.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1987

An evaluation of agglutination and coagglutination techniques for serotyping of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae isolates.

A comparative evaluation of rapid slide agglutination, tube agglutination, 2-mercaptoethanol tube agglutination, and coagglutination tests was made for serotyping isolates of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae. The results indicated that a majority of the isolates could be serotyped by any of these tests. But, it was not uncommon to find isolates which were inagglutinable or poorly agglutinable in homologous sera. Heat treatment of whole-cell suspensions of such isolates was essential to unmask the serotype-specific antigenic determinants; however, in the process of heat treatment, cross-reactive common antigens of minor nature were also exposed. The antibodies involved in such cross-reactions were mainly of immunoglobulin M type, because the cross-reactivities were completely abolished in coagglutination and 2-mercaptoethanol agglutination tests. Thus, both these tests were satisfactory for serotyping inagglutinable mucoid strains. For serotyping strains which were either polyagglutinating or autoagglutinating, agglutination tests could not be used, but the coagglutination test proved to be satisfactory. The coagglutination test was serotype-specific, sensitive, simple, rapid, reproducible, and easier to read and interpret than rapid slide or tube agglutination tests. This test could be used to serotype mucoid, smooth, or rough isolates.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1986

Salmonella serotypes from animals in New York State, 1978-1983.

The salmonella serotypes isolated during 1978 to 1983 at the diagnostic and clinical laboratories of the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine from animal sources in New York state were reviewed and compared to earlier data from New York state animals and to national data for both human and animal sources. A total of 255 salmonella strains were studied from the six year period and included 33 serotypes. Salmonella enteritidis ser Typhimurium continued to be the most commonly reported serotype followed by serotype Anatum. Generally serotypes from New York state animals reflected national data on salmonella serotypes with a few exceptions. Serotype Dublin continued to be absent from New York animal populations. Bovine and equine species were the most common salmonella sources.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on R-plasmid-determined drug resistance in serotypes 792 (E. coli O 28a28c:K73) and 145-46 (E. coli O 164).

The drug resistance of 2368 strains belonging to serotypes 792 (E. coli O 28a28c:K73) and 145-46 (E. coli O 164) was studied. These serotypes were commonly found as causative agents of dysentery-like diseases in Bulgaria. It was established that the percentage of resistant strains of serotype 792 was by factor 2 higher than in serotype 145-46. This finding was connected to the epidemic spread of this serotype in children communities, where the antibiotic therapy is a routine practice. A great diversity was found in the drug resistance types. The tetracycline type ranged first, followed by the chloramphenicol, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamide, tetracycline type. A large part of the resistant strains carried R-plasmids. Fin + R-plasmids, coding for a synthesis of F-specific pili and determining multiple drug resistance, were most frequently found. Some R-plasmids of serotype 792 strains inhibited the growth of several Shigella bacteriophages, whereas R-plasmids of serotype 145-46 did not show any inhibiting activity. It is suggested to use the type of drug resistance and the characteristics of R-plasmids as supplementary epidemiological markers.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Serotypes of red clover necrotic mosaic virus. II. Typing of 34 isolates.

Examination of 34 isolates of red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) from Czechoslovakia in agar gel double diffusion precipitation tests and immunoelectrophoresis in agarose gel showed that 16 isolates belonged to serotype B, 6 isolates to serotype C and 4 isolates to serotype A; 3, 1 and 4 isolates represented mixtures of serotypes A + B, A + C and B + C, respectively. The distribution of the individual RCNMV serotypes in Czechoslovakia is not bound to definite geographic areas; two serotypes were even involved in mixed infections of single plants. Isolates of a given serotype were serologically and electrophoretically identical with the respective type isolate, i.e. there was a correlation between antigenic properties and electrophoretic mobility.

Immunodiffusion↗
PubMed1982

Serotype specificity for some biochemical characteristics of Streptococcus mutans.

Representative strains of Streptococcus mutans serotypes a to g were examined for characteristic in vitro traits thought to contribute to cariogenic virulence. Most strains of serotypes a, d and g produced higher proportion of the cell-associated, alkali-soluble glucans from sucrose. Cells of these serotypes agglutinated upon addition of high-molecular-weight dextrans or sucrose, but did not adsorb well to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. Serotype c, e and f strains, by contrast, synthesized higher proportions of the extracellular, water-soluble glucans and adsorbed well to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite particles but did not agglutinate with dextrans. Thus, serotype a, d and g S. mutans and type c, e and f S. mutans formed two separate groups on the basis of these biochemical properties. Synthesis of intracellular iodophilic polysaccharides from glucose showed a different pattern of distribution among the serotypes: types a, d, e and f synthesized large amounts of this polysaccharide, while all but one of the eight type c and g strains produced only small amounts. Serotype b S. mutans seemed to constitute a separate subgroup in terms of the above in vitro traits.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1982

Granulocyte phagocytosis and killing virulent and avirulent serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Five commonly isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes (3, 6, 14, 19, and 23) and five rarely found serotypes (31, 35, 36, 42, and 43) were compared to elucidate whether increased resistance against granulocyte phagocytosis and killing could explain the restricted number of pneumococcal serotypes found in infections. There was a great variation in sensitivity among the serotypes to granulocyte killing. No consistent pattern was found when pathogenicity and resistance to granulocytes were compared. The results do not indicate that the increased tendency of pathogenic pneumococcal serotypes to cause infections is due to increased resistance to granulocytes. Monocyte killing of some pneumococal serotypes (6, 19, 23, 35, and 43) was also studied and found very similar to granulocyte killing. Defective granulocyte kiling of encapsulated pneumococci was due to impaired phagocytosis. Moreover, no correlation was found between the sensitivity of the serotypes to isolated intragranulocytic microbial systems (i.e., MPO, hydrogen peroxide, or CCP) and the sensitivity to killing by intact granulocytes or pathogenicity. The significance of both the classical and alternative complement pathways for pneumococcal opsonization was indicated by reduced, the residual phagocytosis in C2-deficient and MgEGTA-chelated serum.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1983

Mating types and serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated in Japan.

Thirty-two isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from patients and one from the wild obtained in Japan were characterized for their serotype, self-fertility, and mating behaviour by crossing them with two mating types of Filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans and F. neoformans var. bacillispora. Of the 32 isolates from patients, 31 were of serotype A and the remaining one was of serotype D. Although these 32 isolates were all self-sterile, 23 serotype A and one serotype D isolates produced a complete sexual state when mixed with the alpha mating type of F. neoformans var. neoformans. The one natural isolate was of serotype A-D and self-fertile. The Japanese clinical isolates of C. neoformans appear to be predominantly serotype A and alpha mating type of F. neoformans var. neoformans as is the case in the U.S.A.

Conjugation, Genetic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A classification of laboratory strains of avian mycoplasma serotypes by direct immunofluorescence.

Direct immunofluorescence (IF) was used to assess cross-reactivity among 41 laboratory strains representing 11 serotypes of avian mycoplasmas. All the strains could be separated into distinct serotypes except the C-O-D-P group, which showed cross-relatedness unlike that demonstrated by other serological methods. With two exceptions, serotype C strains consistently cross-reacted with only the serotype P conjugate; the serotype O strain cross-reacted with the P and C conjugates. The two serotype C exceptions were found to be misclassified, as was the serotype P strain. Direct IF was found to be a quick, reliable method for measuring serological relatedness.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Interactions of serotypes A and B of Candida albicans in mice.

Candida albicans serotypes A and B were mixed in different proportions and administered orally to white mice receiving a protein-free diet. Recoveries of the serotype from the stomach and rectosigmoid showed that the relative proportion of serotype A was consistently higher than in the inoculating suspension. No modification of serotype was observed in mice given only one serotype, and there was no change in proportions of serotypes coincubated in vitro. These observations indicate that host factors must be involved in selective colonization by the serotypes in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Serotyping and bacteriophage typing of group B streptococci.

Three hundred and eighty-two human streptococcal strains of serogroup B, collected from different sources and from different parts of Norway have been serotyped and phagetyped . The results of serotyping show a predominance of serotype Ia; 150 strains belonged to this type. Only 32 strains belonged to serotype III, a serotype well-known as the dominating cause of neonatal septicemia and meningitis (11, 23). The other serotypes were evenly represented. The phagetyping was performed by the procedure and with phages described by Stringer (19). The strains were lysed by phages at a frequency of 70%. A total of 145 strains (38%) was lysed by one or two phages, while 124 strains (32%) were typable by different phage patterns. When combined with serotyping, phagetyping of group B streptococci is an important tool in characterizing these microbes for epidemiological and other purposes.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1980

Immunologic relationship between Page's and Sawata's serotype strains of Haemophilus paragallinarum.

Immunologic relationship among Page's A, B, and C and Sawata's 1 and 2 serotype strains of Haemophilus paragallinarum was investigated. In cross-protection tests, two distinct type-specific immunities existed among the strains used. All Page's serotype A strains (083, W, Georgia, and Germany) were immunologically similar to Sawata's serotype 1 strain 221, although serotype C strain Modesto was similar to serotype 2 strain H-18. Cross-protection was not observed between these two serotypes. However, strains Spross and 0222 of serotype B lacked pathogenicity and protective antigenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Ribosomal RNA patterns identify additional strains of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli among isolates serotyped by heat-stable and heat-labile antigens.

Heat-stable (HS, O-antigen) and heat-labile (HL) serotyping are the most common methods used to type Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli for epidemiologic purposes. In this study, we conducted RRNA analysis to differentiate strains of C. jejuni and C. coli that had been serotyped by use of the passive hemagglutination (heat-stable) and slide agglutination (heat-labile) methods. Ribotyping of isolates within HS and HL serotypes revealed further discrimination of strains. Four ribotypes were identified by Pvu II and Pst I digests of eight HS serotype-34 isolates. Ribotyping also differentiated strains within HL serotypes. Ribotyping also was conducted on 10 representative isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from an infant macaque. The eight ribotypes confirmed previous results of serotyping and other phenotypic analyses, which indicated that the infant was repeatedly reinfected with different strains of C. jejuni and C. coli. Results of the study indicated that ribotyping is a sensitive molecular marker for distinguishing strains of C. jejuni and C. coli. Furthermore, some isolates with similar ribotype patterns had variability in their HS and HL serotypes.

Animals↗