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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Psychiatric resident dismissal: a national survey of training programs.

The authors report on a nationwide survey of psychiatric residency training directors who responded to a questionnaire designed to elicit information on the magnitude of the problem of unacceptable performance by residents. One hundred six program directors reported on 5,591 internship or residency positions from 1981 to 1985. A total of 184 residents (3.3%) were prematurely terminated or persuaded to resign; departmental deliberations were held on an additional 139 residents (2.5%). Reasons for dismissal and indications during the selection process that a trainee might prove problematic are discussed. A provocative finding was that 37% of terminated residents were accepted into other psychiatry training programs.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2005

Developing a simulation-based training program for medical first responders.

A major stumbling block for widespread incorporation of simulators into EMT training includes the limited availability of curricula infrastructure linking the key components of skills, scenarios, and measures as well as the expertise required to run such programs. To meet these needs we are developing a training program for first responders that uses mannequin-based simulator technology effectively to fill the identified training need for valid meaningful scenarios that can be integrated into the curriculum and are applicable for a variety of EMT skill levels. The program will provide detailed scenarios, instructions for administering the program, and measures for performance feedback. Each scenario will exercise a combination of task work and cognitive skills and the set of scenarios will span all of the higher-level skills that have been identified as benefiting from targeted training.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1998

Development and use of military-unique standardized gynecology patients for military residents in obstetrics and gynecology training programs.

Focused military curricula and readiness training are often inadequate for military resident physicians. We developed a standardized gynecologic military-unique patient scenario and examination to assess obstetrics and gynecology residents' clinical and operational problem-solving abilities. Integration of military-unique gynecologic standardized patients, clinical scenarios, and objective structured clinical examinations into obstetrics and gynecology curricula is a novel approach for realistic medical readiness training for resident physicians. This tool can become a cornerstone in the ongoing development of needed military-unique curricula.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1981

Vision training program for myopia management.

The use of vision training to stabilize myopia appears to be helpful for many patients, while remaining ineffective for others. The myopia management approach discussed here includes minimum use of full-powered concave corrective lenses, maximum use of convex training glasses, adherence to specific visual hygiene and visuobehavioral guidelines, and a short intense program of home and office visual training procedures aimed at developing more flexible accommodative convergence (CCA) and visuobehavioral responses.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of vestibular function disorders by a training program].

This article reports on a training programme for vestibular diseases, involving exercises of the vestibulo-vestibular, the visuo-vestibular, the cervico-vestibular and the spino-vestibular reflexes. Twenty-five patients were examined; all patients but two showed good improvement of the vestibular complaints as demonstrated by vestibular diseases, electronystagmography and posturography.

Electronystagmography↗
PubMed1995

Radiation safety training program at the National Institutes of Health.

At the U.S. Public Health Service's National Institutes of Health (NIH), one of the world's largest biomedical and clinical research institutions, 70 to 80% of all research is performed using radiation or radioactive materials. To maintain a safe environment and minimize risks to the health and safety of the employees, patients, visitors, and the surrounding community, a radiation protection program is required. Under U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission licenses and NIH policies, the Radiation Safety Branch (RSB), Division of Safety, administers a comprehensive radiation safety program covering over 3,500 NIH laboratories and some 7,000 laboratory and ancillary staff workers. The NIH radiation protection program provides for the effective supervision, control, and monitoring of all radioactive materials and radiation sources at NIH. This includes activities such as radiation exposure monitoring, laboratory inspections, waste management, consulting, environmental monitoring, and training. Training is considered an integral part of the radiation safety program. RSB offers an extensive training program with over 20 different training courses each year. For example, in 1993 some 6,700 employees attended 243 classes.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Training programs in school consultation.

The need to train psychiatrists in school consultation is important to approach mental health and psychosocial concerns from the broad perspective of addressing barriers to learning and promoting healthy development. There is a major national impetus to improve academic achievement and literacy, which can be amplified by addressing the social, emotional, and mental health needs of children and youth. Training in school consultation allows the psychiatrist to better understand a critical institution in each child's life and also provides technical assistance and training to school personnel, which facilitates networking between programs and individuals involved in or interested in school mental health. Each of the described programs approaches consultation from a specific focus that varies in time commitment, placement options, and frequency and order of didactic presentations. There is no conclusive available evidence as to which program is most effective, since such evaluation depends on the overall goals of the consultation program itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Changes in rowing ergometer, weight lifting, vertical jump and isokinetic performance in response to standard and standard plus plyometric training programs.

The purpose of this study was to compare standard (S-weight plus rowing ergometer training) and standard plus plyometric (S+P-weight plus rowing ergometer training, plus plyometric exercises) programs on sport-specific and non sport-specific tests. Twenty-four female rowers completed the weight training or the weight training plus plyometric exercises three times per week and rowing ergometer training four times per week, 1 hr per session for 9 wks. Analysis of variance tests were used to compare S (n = 11; 5 novice and 6 experienced rowers) and S+P (n = 13; 7 novice and 6 experienced rowers) programs on the following sport-specific tests: 1) time to row 2,500 m and 2) distance rowed in 90 s; and on the following non sport-specific tests: 1) leg press, 1 RM, 2) leg press endurance, 3) bench pull 1 RM, 4) bench pull endurance, 5) vertical jump, 6-9) isokinetic knee extensor peak and average power during concentric and eccentric muscle actions and 10) angle of occurrence of peak torque during concentric muscle actions (isokinetic knee extension). Although experienced oarswomen scored significantly higher than did novice oarswomen on eight of 12 tests (p < 0.04), both levels of rower responded similarly to training. No significant differences were observed post-training between the S and S+P training programs (p > 0.05). These results do not discount the value of plyometric exercises, but indicate that the jump exercises used offered no advantages to intercollegiate oarswomen.

Body Weight↗
PubMed2003

The effects of a calisthenics and a light strength training program on lower limb muscle strength and body composition in mature women.

This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of an aerobics-calisthenics (A-CAL) and an aerobics/weight training (A-WT) programs on lower limb strength and body fat (%). Thirty-five adult women (age 42.1 +/- 5.2 years) were randomly assigned to A-CAL (n = 14), A-WT (n = 14), or a control group (n = 7). The A-CAL and A-WT trained 3 days per week for 10 weeks. Maximal bilateral isometric and isokinetic knee extension (KEXT) and flexion (KFLEX) torque, squat jump (SJ), and body fat (%) were measured before and immediately after training. The results revealed nonsignificant differences between A-CAL and A-WT (p > 0.05). Both A-CAL and A-WT improved SJ (p < 0.001). A-WT increased isometric torque of KEXT and KFLEX (p < 0.05), isokinetic torque of KFLEX (p < 0.05), and decreased body fat (%) (p < 0.05) when compared with controls. In summary, the application of a 10-week light-weight training program improved selected strength parameters of healthy women, compared with controls, but the effectiveness of the calisthenics exercises as an independent form of strength training is dubious.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effects of a 12-week resistive training program in the home using the body bar on dynamic and absolute strength of middle-age women.

Guidelines published by the American College of Sports Medicine indicate that resistive training should be an integral part of an adult fitness program. Most adults will find it difficult to train resistively regularly unless they train in their own homes using simple, inexpensive equipment. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which participation in a 12-week resistive training program using the Body Bar, a simple, inexpensive resistive training device, in the home improves dynamic and absolute strength of middle-age women compared to similar women engaged in a walking program. A pretest-midtest-posttest design was employed with subjects randomly assigned to either a resistive (n = 30) or a walking (control) group (n = 30). All subjects were tested on measures of dynamic and absolute strength. Resistive trainers performed significantly better than the controls across the 12-week training period on all strength variables even with statistical control for potential confounders. Number of workouts performed and average intensity of each workout were both significant predictors of strength improvements among the resistive trainers.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Development and evaluation of an advanced training technology course within a union-based industrial emergency response training program.

BACKGROUND: The Health and Safety Department of the United Automobile Workers recently introduced the use of Advanced Training Technologies (ATTs) into a previously successful Industrial Emergency Response (IER) program. The new curriculum attempted to incorporate web-based technology, while preserving the historical emphasis on the use of peer trainers and the Small Group Activity Method (SGAM) to promote team problem solving and worker empowerment. METHODS: The University of Michigan evaluated the program by administering a survey combining open- and closed-ended questions to trainees. RESULTS: Of the 46 respondents, most rated the program very highly, found that the use of internet technology allowed faster access to current information, reported peer trainers as one of program aspects they liked best, and did not find working in groups of three per computer difficult. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to enhance a workplace health and safety training program through the introduction of ATT without compromising participant-centered, group learning program philosophies.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Modifying hypnotizability with the Carleton Skills Training program: a partial replication and analysis of components.

3 standard components of the Carleton Skills Training (CST) program--information, modeling, and instructions--were administered in 1 of 3 sequences to 12 low-hypnotizable Ss. Hypnotizability measures were obtained after each component was given, as well as before and after training. Although objective scores showed significant gains from screening to testing, subjective scores did not, suggesting that while training encouraged behavioral compliance, few Ss learned to have the subjective experiences traditionally associated with hypnosis. Results from the component analysis were clear and consistent: whether instructions were presented first, second, or third in the training sequence, no significant changes occurred until this component was provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Retrospective clinical review of dental implants placed in a university training program.

Many dental schools offer implant clinical training at the pre- and postdoctoral levels, but little has been published on the clinical outcomes of implants placed in those programs. A post-entry chart review was conducted of all Branemark and Taper-Lock implants placed in a university clinic by faculty-student teams. Case information was gathered on data reporting forms and entered into a computer spreadsheet program. Survival rates were calculated as percentages. Cumulative implant survival was 96% for all 303 implants placed. Eight of the 12 implants that failed were placed by 2 operators, only 1 of whom was in the early stages of implant training. Branemark implant survival was 94.9% (n = 198) at 36 months; failures occurred between stage 2 and 3 months (n = 8) in mandibles and after 12 months (n = 2) in maxillae. Taper-Lock implant survival was 98.1% (n = 105) at 24 months; no mandibular failures occurred, but maxillary failures occurred before stage 2 (n = 1) and after 12 months of loading (n = 1). Taper-Lock implants exhibited a slightly higher (3.2%) cumulative survival rate at 24 months compared to Branemark implants. Differences in the numbers of implants placed (105 vs 198) and follow-up times (24 months vs 36 months) may have skewed the comparative results of Taper-Lock and Branemark implants, respectively, in this study. Implant survival for both systems was similar at 24 months of follow-up, and clinician experience did not appear to be an influencing variable on implant survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Secondary prevention with college drinkers: evaluation of an alcohol skills training program.

This study evaluated secondary prevention approaches for young adults (N = 36, mean age 23 years) at risk for alcohol problems. Subjects were randomly assigned to cognitive-behavioral alcohol skills training, a didactic alcohol information program, or assessment only. The skills program included training in blood alcohol level estimation, limit setting, and relapse prevention skills. All subjects maintained daily drinking records during the 8-week intervention and for 1 week at each follow-up. Repeated measures MANOVA found a significant reduction over 1-year follow-up in self-reported alcohol consumption for the total sample. For all drinking measures, the directional findings consistently favored skills training. Despite overall reductions, most subjects continued to report occasional heavy drinking.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2002

State laws mandating or promoting training programs for alcohol servers and establishment managers: an assessment of statutory and administrative procedures.

We conducted a qualitative analysis of 23 state Responsible Beverage Service (RBS) laws to determine how effective the laws are in mandating or encouraging high-quality RBS programs. As of January, 2001, 12 states at least partially mandate RBS training for alcohol establishments and 11 states offer incentives to encourage participation in RBS training. We collected information regarding state RBS laws from two sources: (1) RBS statutes and associated regulatory provisions, and (2) telephone surveys of Alcoholic Beverage Control agency staff. We identified and evaluated five components of RBS laws: program requirements, administrative requirements, enforcement provisions, penalties for lack of compliance with law, and benefits for participation in training programs. Comprehensiveness of RBS laws varied by state; however, RBS legislation was weak across all states overall. While some states were strong in one or two of the RBS components, almost all states were weak in at least one component.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1994

Building an effective training program.

Compliance with regulations usually requires documentation of training for staff working under the regulations. Most organizations find that the most efficient and cost-effective method is to conduct this training in-house using their own staff. Those asked to train fellow employees have the essential knowledge to provide, but rarely have previous experience conducting training sessions. A need exists to train the trainers in the techniques of effective presentations. An approach is presented that will aid trainers to conduct more effective programs.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed2000

[Proposal of postgraduate training program in neurology].

In order to improve the postgraduate training in neurology in Japan, practical program is proposed. It consists of 5 years. The first 2 years include internal medicine for 16 months, pediatrics for 2 months, neurosurgery for 2 months, emergency medicine for 2 months, and anesthesiology for 2 months. The next 3 years include neurology training in the ward and out-patient clinic in the University Hospital for one year followed by another year of neurology ward training at the affiliated hospital where they are exposed to see more acute neurological cases. In addition to these clinical training, they will study basic neurological sciences in neuroanatomy, and neurophysiology in the evening in the form of small group seminars and they are assigned to read EEG every week and attend EEG reading sessions. EMG, muscle biopsy, and sural nerve biopsy will be done under supervision when they are in charge of such cases who require those examinations. The last year program includes neurological consultation from the other departments, out-patient clinic, setting up neurological conferences, and elective course for 3 months. It is recommended that Japanese Neurological Society informs us several institutes where they can offer pediatric neurology training, and neuropathology training in several districts in Japan, since they have difficulty in getting training in these two specialties in many Japanese hospitals.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗