Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Tick Control”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Amitraz poisoning in children.

Amitraz is an acaricide and insecticide indicated for the treatment of generalized demodicosis in dogs and for the control of ticks and mites in cattle and sheep. There is little information available in the human literature about the toxicology of the product. In this study, the clinical and laboratory features of amitraz poisoning in 11 children are presented. The age range of the patients was 2-1/2 to 6 years. Accidental ingestion of an improperly stored liquid pesticide was determined in all patients. Unconsciousness (100%), drowsiness (100%), and myosis (84%) were the most common abnormal signs; 45%, 27%, and 18% of patients had bradycardia, respiratory insufficiency, and hypotension, respectively. All of the patients were treated with atropine, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and supportive care. Although the patients had a prompt response to therapy, three patients required multiple doses of atropine during a 24-h period. This study revealed that clinical poisoning by oral route emerged within 30-90 min and that central nervous system (CNS) depression, which is the most important sign, resolved within 8-1/2-14 h. All cases were discharged.

Atropine↗
PubMed2003

Report of eight children with amitraz intoxication.

Many pesticides are formulated in organic solvents. An example is amitraz, one of the formamidine groups of pesticidal chemicals. It is commonly used for the treatment of generalized demodicosis in dogs and for the control of ticks and mites in cattle and sheep. In this article, the clinical and laboratory findings of eight children with amitraz intoxication are reviewed. The purpose was to enlighten the findings of amitraz intoxication in children. Of the eight patients, five (62.5%) were boys, three (37.5%) were girls, and the ages ranged from 1 to 4 years. All children accidentally ingested amitraz orally, with no dermal exposure. The most common observed signs were decreased consciousness and bradycardia. Leukocytosis, hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, increased serum aspartate transaminase level, and prolonged partial prothrombin time were diagnosed in children. None of the children had hypothermia, hypotension, or convulsion and none of the patients died. The findings show that the initial signs and symptoms of acute amitraz intoxication appeared severe but they disappeared, with only supportive care needed in most cases within a few days.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed2001

Recurrent infestation of the mastoid cavity with Caloglyphus berlesei: an occupational hazard.

Mite infestation of the ear is an unusual clinical problem that is easily cured with simple measures and recurrent infestation has not been reported till date. We present here a patient who developed recurrent infestation of otherwise healthy mastoid cavities with the storage mite Caloglyphus berlesei, secondary to occupational exposure. This kind of recurrent mite infestation of the ear has not been described before.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed2005

Knowledge of post-concussional syndrome in naïve lay-people, general practitioners and people with minor traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Expectations about effects of minor traumatic brain injury (MTBI) may play a role in maintaining symptoms, the ability to simulate post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and the extent to which professionals might associate patient complaints with MTBI. In turn, expectations will be related to knowledge about MTBI. This study investigates knowledge of PCS in people with MTBI compared with general practitioners (GPs) and lay-people, using recall (a vignette) and symptom guessing or recognition (checklists). METHODS: Thirty GPs, 30 people with MTBI, and 30 lay-people generated symptoms from a vignette describing a MTBI. They then completed a PCS checklist or a checklist containing PCS and 'bogus' items pertaining to the vignette. RESULTS: Only 1 of 90 participants reported enough PCS symptoms to indicate 'caseness' from the vignette alone. Using checklists, more GPs (60%) than controls (20%) ticked enough symptoms to attain PCS 'caseness'. Few people with MTBI who did not themselves achieve PCS 'caseness' by self-report using checklists achieved 'caseness' using the vignette and checklists. The frequency of non-physical symptom reporting was higher than for physical symptom reporting. The addition of 'bogus' items to checklists did not affect responding. CONCLUSIONS: It is unlikely that pre-injury expectations about MTBI maintain PCS symptoms. PCS was difficult to simulate without prompting, even by GPs and PCS 'cases'. The use of 'caseness', rather than simple symptom scores, and further development of checklists with 'bogus' items may provide a more valid assessment of MTBI effects. GPs may benefit from further information about PCS and available treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Cross-resistance, inheritance, and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae).

Resistance of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, to acaricides acting as mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors (METIs) is an increasing problem. Because of their high levels of cross-resistance to all commercially available METI-acaricides, a Japanese strain (AKITA) and an English strain (UK-99) of T. urticae were investigated in detail. Larvae of both strains, AKITA and UK-99, showed 1,100- and 480-fold resistance against pyridaben, 870- and 45-fold resistance against fenpyroximate, and 33- and 44-fold resistance against tebufenpyrad, respectively, in a foliar spray application bioassay compared with the susceptible strain GSS. These resistance factors remained stable even when maintained in the laboratory without further selection. Furthermore, strain AKITA showed cross-resistance to dicofol. The METI resistant strains AKITA and UK-99 showed 2.4- and 1.7-fold enhanced O-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation (cytochrome P450) activity. Increased oxidative metabolism of the METI-acaricides in the resistant strains could be partially suppressed in vivo by the monooxygenase-inhibitor piperonyl butoxide. Reciprocal crosses of homozygous, diploid females and hemizygous, haploid males of strains GSS (susceptible) and AKITA (resistant) revealed that resistance to pyridaben and fenpyroximate was inherited incompletely dominant with slight differences between maternal and paternal inheritance. This is the first attempt to mechanistically describe METI-acaricide resistance in T. urticae. The implications for resistance management strategies are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Antimite activity of essential oils and their constituents from Taiwania cryptomerioides.

Antimite activity of essential oils and their components obtained from Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata heartwood against Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart) and Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes was investigated in this study. Results from antimite tests demonstrated that the essential oil extracted from T. cryptomerioides heartwood had miticidal activity against D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae with a mortality of 67.0 and 36.7% at the dosage of 12.6 microg/cm2 after 48 h. Alpha-cadinol possessed the strongest antimite activity compared with other components of the T. cryptomeioides heartwood essential oil. The rectified mortalities of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae were 100% for alpha-cadinol at the dosage of 6.3 microg/cm2. The order of antimite activity of four dominant constituents was alpha-cadinol > T-muurolol > ferruginol > T-cadinol. Paired Student's t-tests showed that there were significant differences between the rectified mortality of alpha-cadinol, T-muurolol, ferruginol and that of T-cadinol at the dosage of 6.3 microg/cm2 after 48 h.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Insecticidal activity of synthetic pyrethroids, organophosphates, insect growth regulators, and other livestock parasiticides: an Australian perspective.

The present review is restricted to the collation and evaluation of information describing the excretion profile and ecotoxicity of veterinary medicines developed specifically for the control of either internal or external parasites of livestock. It identifies numerous gaps in our knowledge and highlights our poor understanding of the environmental fate of many of these chemicals, especially those developed for the control of ticks, lice, and/or biting flies. Residues of most anthelmintics are largely harmless to dung-feeding arthropods, but those of many ectoparasiticides, especially the synthetic pyrethroids, are highly toxic to fly larvae and adult dung beetles. Organophosphates, because they are metabolized extensively and eliminated mostly in urine, are considered to be unlikely to have a major impact on the development or survival of dung-dwelling organisms. The present review stresses the need for better information regarding spatial and temporal usage patterns of veterinary parasiticides, and it examines the role of ecotoxicological models for evaluating their impact on populations of dung-dependent arthropods.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Parallel, solution phase synthesis of dihydropyridine miticides via a versatile multicomponent reaction.

A novel class of highly active dihydropyridine miticides was prepared using a multicomponent reaction process. The initial lead was rapidly optimized using solution phase parallel synthesis techniques and a positional scanning approach. Detailed structure-activity relationships were developed for the amino and carbonyl components of the molecule and used to select the best candidates for broad field testing. The chemistry, biology and toxicology of these compounds will be presented along with numerous structural variants of the reaction products.

Agrochemicals↗
PubMed2003

Babesia odocoilei infection in elk.

Two male North American elk from a commercial herd were evaluated because of a sudden onset of lethargy, anorexia, and voiding of red urine. These 2 elk were kept in the same pen as 4 other male elk that had died during the preceding 2 months. Laboratory analyses revealed anemia and intraerythrocytic parasites, later confirmed as Babesia odocoilei (a protozoal hemoparasite of cervids). Of the 240 elk remaining in the herd, 59 were screened for B odocoilei by microscopic evaluation of blood smears, protozoal culture of blood, and immunofluorescent antibody testing of serum. Of those 59 elk, 34 (58%) were infected with B odocoilei. Babesia odocoilei infection in elk can be fatal and should be considered in cases of sudden death or acute hemolytic anemia. Familiarity with the disease in elk is essential for practitioners because of the increasing popularity of commercial elk farming.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Lyme borreliosis.

Despite more than 25 years' experience with Lyme borreliosis, much remains to be learned about this complex zoonosis. Practicing veterinarians, particularly those in the northeastern and upper midwestern states, where Lyme borreliosis is highly endemic, should be familiar with the ecologic features and typical clinical signs of Lyme borreliosis. Interpretation of signs and serologic test results should be made with consideration of the regional prevalence of Lyme borreliosis and the animal's opportunity for exposure to infected Ixodes spp. The availability of recently marketed topical acaracides is a valuable adjunctive measure in prevention of Lyme borreliosis. A maximally effective prevention strategy should include consideration of environmental modification, activity restrictions, routine examinations for ticks, prompt removal of attached ticks, and vaccination. Technologic advances, such as the C6 EIA and the Osp A recombinant vaccine, offer the promise of additional tools for the clinical management and prevention of this tick-borne zoonosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Human infestation with bird mites in Wollongong.

This is a report of a case of bird mite infestation which occurred in Wollongong in mid-December 1996. The individual suffered hundreds of bites, most of which were marked by itchy red papules 3-4 mm in diameter. Tiny mobile parasites (< 1 mm) collected from the skin and adjacent bedroom wall were identified as bird mites from the family Gamasidae, most probably from the genus Ornithonyssus. The source of the infestation was a starling nest under the eaves adjacent to the bedroom. The report summarises the ways bird mite bites can be distinguished from other insect and arachnid bites. If bird mite infestation is not correctly diagnosed, families who attempt to repeatedly treat it as if it were lice or scabies may incur considerable expense until the source of infestation is eliminated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical hazards faced by animal handlers.

A number of chemical hazards are associated with the care and handling of animals. A variety of pesticides are used to control fleas, ticks, and other insects. Rodenticides often are used in animal housing facilities. Veterinarians and their helpers may be exposed to anesthetic gases, pharmaceuticals, including antineoplastic agents, disinfectants such as phenol and formaldehyde, and sterilants such as ethylene oxide. Great care must be taken to minimize occupational exposures to chemical hazards.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1999

[Protective effect of clothing impregnated with permethrin against D. reticulatus and D. marginatus in an open biotope of central western France].

During the period of major tick activity, in April and May 1998, in the Saint-Maixent l'Ecole area of Poitou, a comparative study was carried out in order to evaluate the protective effect of garments impregnated with permethrin cis/trans 25/75. Three groups of soldiers made up respectively of 208, 218 and 427 men were involved for 2 or 3 days in this experiment. Respectively 107, 107 and 215 wore impregnated uniforms. Out of a total of 319 ticks, 3 were lxodes ricinus, 305 Dermacentor marginatus and 11 D. reticulatus. There was a significant difference in both the intensity (number of ticks per individual, P < 0.0001) and prevalence (number of individuals with ticks, P < 0.001) of ticks on individuals between impregnated and non impregnated uniforms. The repellent effect of permethrin on ticks was observed at the site of preferential tick attachment (normally the head of the host for these two species of Dermacentor in France) where the number of ticks was significantly lower in impregnated uniforms.

Animals↗