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PubMedDate not supplied

Women's reasons for leaving abusive spouses.

Research has focused on factors associated with leaving physically abusive relationships, yet little is known about what the woman thinks when she leaves. Fifty-one formerly battered women from rural and metropolitan areas in two midwestern states described 86 reasons for leaving a physically abusive relationship. During open-ended interviews, women who rated themselves as severely abused spontaneously emphasized leaving as a process. Content analysis resulted in reasons categorized as safety, dependency, and personal growth. Self-report retrospective data from a nonrandom sample limit generalizability of results; however, the awareness and reasoning of the women, coupled with their emphasis on leaving as process and personal growth, suggest the importance of education and support programs for abused women and women at risk for abuse.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Life events and symptomatic recovery of army spouses following Operation Desert Storm.

The relation between life events and psychiatric symptoms among wives of soldiers deployed to the Persian Gulf during Operation Desert Storm (ODS) was examined. Psychiatric symptoms were measured, using the 25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL), at two times, once while the soldiers were away and a second time several months after they returned. In a multiple regression analysis, symptoms at Time 2 were predicted by post-Desert Storm events as well as by events and emotional stressors that occurred during the military operation. The strongest predictor of post-Desert Storm events was pre-Desert Storm events. The impact of the deployment was also assessed on the basis of respondents' symptom profiles over time. Although 70% of the respondents were symptomatic during the deployment, 40% had recovered by Time 2; only 24% were symptomatic at both times. Even in the latter group, there was an improvement in symptoms between Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2).

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Second-hand prostatism: effects of prostatic symptoms on spouses' quality of life, daily routines and family relationships.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of male prostatic symptoms on their partners' quality of life, daily routines and family relationships. METHODS: A structured telephone interview study was carried out on a random sample of 215 of the wives and partners of men aged 50 years or older drawn from those registered at four family medicine centres in Israel. They were asked about sleep disturbances, number of night-time wakings, and the effect on sexual relations, travel, entertainment, family and social relationships. RESULTS: The vast majority of women (86%) were affected by their partners' prostatism, with multiple consequences for their daily routines, quality of life and relationships. Sleep was the area of greatest concern, with 46% of women regularly waking due to their partners' urination disorder. The women reported other limitations: 37% noted problems with sexual functioning; 17% were unable to take long trips with partners; 10% could not visit places without toilets; while 8% were unable to go to the cinema or theatre. Women felt that their partners' prostatic symptoms were also to be blamed for upsetting family relationships (10%) and relationships with friends (16%). There was near total correspondence between women and their male partners regarding the effects of prostatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatism has an impact on men and women; strategies that consider the whole couple should be developed and utilized when considering treatment options.

Comorbidity↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of nonsmoking women in NHANES I and NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study with exposure to spouses who smoke.

Few studies have examined the relation between passive smoking and dietary intake in a large population. This report examines the nutrition and behavioral characteristics of 3,896 nonsmoking women from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) population in relation to exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. The data indicate that nonsmoking women who were exposed to husbands who smoked were more likely to be older, have lower education, live in the city, and have other health behaviors that could increase their risk of lung cancer compared with nonsmoking women with husbands who did not smoke. The nonexposed women were more likely to take vitamin supplements, to not drink alcohol, and to consume higher levels of dietary vitamin A, vitamin C, and calcium. The exposed and nonexposed women showed no difference in the levels of fatty acid intake nor in the levels of several other foods from the food frequency list after correction for age. Many of the differences that the authors observed between the women who were exposed and nonexposed to passive smoking could affect the risk of cancer. Therefore, they recommend that future studies of nonsmokers examine the influence of both passive smoking and diet on the risk of disease rather than examine the influence of a single factor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distinguishing between life-saving and life-sustaining treatments: when the physician and spouse disagree.

There is a fine distinction between life-saving measures and life-sustaining ones. In the case presented below the husband of a wife with cancer did not understand the continuation of life-sustaining treatment after the decision to reject life-saving measures was made. This resulted in a conflict between the husband and physician that placed the nurse, as family advocate, in the middle. The case is followed by an analysis with recommendations on how to handle this type of situation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Struck by stroke: a pilot study exploring quality of life and coping patterns in younger patients and spouses.

So far, research on quality of life after stroke has focused mainly on elderly patients. This study is targeted at younger stroke patients and their partners, aiming to evaluate stroke impact, as related to coping strategy. For our pilot study, eight patients who had suffered a stroke and four partners completed the Impact of Event Scale questionnaire. The mean age was 47.6 years in patients and 44.5 years in partners. The patients' level of activities of daily life was assessed using the Barthel Index. They were then interviewed to obtain information with respect to stroke impact and coping. The Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life procedure was carried out to measure quality of life, and stroke impact was quantified using Visual Analogue Scales. On average, patients scored 19.25 on the Barthel Index. Quality of life had deteriorated by 20.1% in patients, whereas partners did not show a decline in quality of life. However, well-being was inversely correlated among patients and partners. Accommodative coping was positively correlated with quality of life in both patients and partners. Conversely, assimilation was negatively related to quality of life in patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2000

Repeating the errors of our parents? Family-of-origin spouse violence and observed conflict management in engaged couples.

Based on a developmental social learning analysis, it was hypothesized that observing parental violence predisposes partners to difficulties in managing couple conflict. Seventy-one engaged couples were assessed on their observation of parental violence in their family of origin. All couples were videotaped discussing two areas of current relationship conflict, and their cognitions during the interactions were assessed using a video-mediated recall procedure. Couples in which the male partner reported observing parental violence (male-exposed couples) showed more negative affect and communication during conflict discussions than couples in which neither partner reported observing parental violence (unexposed couples). Couples in which only the female partner reported observing parental violence (female-exposed couples) did not differ from unexposed couples in their affect or behavior. Female-exposed couples reported more negative cognitions than unexposed couples, but male-exposed couples did not differ from unexposed couples in their reported cognitions.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Convergence and divergence in spouses' perspectives on women's autonomy in rural India.

This study explores similarities and differences in the perceptions of rural Indian women and their husbands with regard to various dimensions of women's autonomy and investigates the extent to which various reproductive outcomes--contraception, unmet need, recent fertility, and spousal communication--are influenced by individual partners' views of women's autonomy. Data are drawn from a 1993-94 community-based study of women's autonomy in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, states that are, respectively, more and less patriarchal. Matched data were obtained from 1,660 women and their husbands. Results indicate no more than a loose agreement between women and their husbands concerning the dimensions of women's autonomy within the home. Where disagreement is expressed, husbands are more likely to project a comparatively liberal picture of their wives' autonomy than do their wives, and the inference can be made that in surveys men tended to provide more "acceptable" responses than when they were questioned in greater depth. Findings also suggest that cultural context affects the influences that wives' and their husbands' perceptions of women's autonomy have on reproductive outcomes. A clear regional divide is seen, net of individual and household characteristics, in the influence of almost every aspect of women's autonomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Effectiveness of couples treatment for spouse abuse.

Despite its controversy, carefully conceptualized and delivered couples treatment appears to be at least as effective as traditional treatment for domestic violence, and preliminary data suggests that it does not place women at greater risk for injury. However, the body of research on which these conclusions rest is sparse. Only six experimental studies have been done, each using different eligibility criteria, outcome measures, and treatment approaches. Thus, further study of this modality is warranted. Marriage and family therapists have an important part to play in continuing to develop and test innovative ways of helping couples end violence and improve their relationships--an endeavor that promises to improve the quality of the partners' lives as well as those of their children.

Adult↗