Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PELVIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Sonographic imaging of the paediatric female pelvis.

Several conditions necessitate a pelvic ultrasound in their management. In this paper, we will first review the embryology of the female genital system and the normal morphology of the uterus and ovaries from birth to puberty. Thereafter, this paper aims to categorise pelvic pathologies based on their clinical presentations. We will consider successively ambiguous genitalia, precocious puberty, delayed puberty and amenorrhea, gynaecological masses and, finally, pelvic pain of gynaecological origin. Ultrasound is the key screening tool and often the only examination indicated. The appropriateness of other modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, will be discussed. The aim of this article is to help radiologists form a sensible imaging plan when presented with a diagnostic dilemma involving the pelvis in female children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Value of blood pool contrast agents in magnetic resonance angiography of the pelvis and lower extremities.

Our objective was: (1) to determine the appropriate dose of new ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles for magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). This agent comprised of a single iron oxide crystal stabilized with a carbohydrate-polyethylene glycol coat (PEG-Ferron/NC 100150 injection); (2) to determine the proper flip angle for PEG-Ferron-enhanced 3 D time-of-flight (TOF) MRA sequence; and (3) to compare the enhancement of peripheral vessels following PEG-Ferron and GdDTPA-BMA. MRA parameters were: TR/TE = 50/2.1 ms, NEX = 1, FOV = 30 x 30 x 1.8 cm, and matrix = 256 x 128 x 64. In anesthetized beagle dogs (n = 10), the effects of PEG-Ferron and GdDTPA-BMA on regional signal were monitored for 45 min and compared. The lowest dose of PEG-Ferron (0.05 mmol/kg) produced the best enhancement of primary, secondary and tertiary vessels. The flip angle 60 degrees provided better enhancement than 20 degrees on contrast enhanced images. Unlike GdDTPA-BMA, PEG-Ferron allowed prolonged delineation (> 45 min) of the pelvis and lower extremities circulation. PEG-Ferron provided greater Contrast-to-noise ratio CNR (80.2 +/- 6.2, P < 0.05) than GdDTPA-BMA (63.5 +/- 2.5). It may be possible for blood pool contrast-enhanced 3 D TOF MRA to provide valuable information for visualization of vascular tree including guiding interventions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

MR imaging of musculoskeletal trauma to the pelvis and the lower limb.

Magnetic resonance imaging can be used in the trauma setting to detect fractures and associated soft tissue injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Magnetic resonance imaging complements plain radiography and CT for evaluating cancellous bone, cartilage and growth-plate injuries, and intra- and extraarticular supporting soft tissue structures. This review outlines typical applications and imaging consideration for injuries of the pelvis and lower extremity.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1999

Female pelvis.

Magnetic resonance imaging is gaining increasing importance in imaging of the female pelvis. This overview attempts to describe the various imaging strategies in the evaluation of gynecologic diseases, as well as the normal MR anatomy of the female genital organs. The MR indications for the assessment of various pathologic conditions, including characterization and staging of gynecologic neoplasms and prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations, are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2004

Renal fungal balls and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in a very low birth weight infant: treatment with streptokinase.

Renal candidiasis is a rare but well recognised complication of intensive care treatment in neonates. We report a problematic case with obstructing pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) fungal balls that was refractory to standard measures of adequate nephrostomy drainage, pelvic irrigation with amphotericin B, and systemic antifungal treatment. In an attempt to avoid potentially difficult open surgery, a novel treatment using a streptokinase solution (3,000 IU/ml) for irrigation was performed. This was successful in clearing the fungal balls, relieving obstruction and rendering the urine sterile. The present case highlights a potential role for streptokinase in cases of renal candidiasis refractory to current treatment protocols.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2005

Hydatid cyst of the renal pelvis.

Hydatid disease is fairly common and is prevalent worldwide. The principal organs involved are the liver and lungs. Kidney involvement also occurs but usually with involvement of other viscera. Isolated hydatid cyst of the kidney is extremely uncommon. In the kidney, the hydatid cyst usually occurs in the renal parenchyma. We present a rare occurrence of a hydatid cyst of the renal pelvis in a 4-year-old child and discuss measures to decrease surgical morbidity.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Biphasic sarcomatoid carcinoma (carcinosarcoma) of the renal pelvis with heterologous chondrogenic differentiation.

A case of a man with biphasic sarcomatoid carcinoma of the right kidney with chondrosarcomatous foci and with invasion of the pelvic mucosa and submucosa into the peripelvic adipose tissue is presented. In situ carcinoma of the urothelium of the right renal pelvis and proximal ureter was also noted. Comments on the nomenclature of malignant tumours with apparently mixed carcinomatous and sarcomatous phenotypes and a hypothesis on the histogenesis of these tumours are presented. Cytokeratin and p53 protein expression patterns, and the results of angiogenesis quantification are consistent with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal conversion induced by the stroma.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Massive Gorham-Stout syndrome of the pelvis.

Gorham-Stout disease is defined as a spontaneous, massive, and nonfamilial idiopathic osteolysis. The diagnosis is based essentially on radiological and histological findings. Biopsy reviews always reveal excessive intraosseous nonmalignant proliferation of small vessels, which results in bone resorption and may extend to adjacent bones and soft tissues. These lesions are progressively replaced by extensive fibrosis. Since its first description in 1955, there is still controversy about its prognosis, etiology, and treatment. A case of Gorham-Stout disease, located on the right pelvis, is reported with 50 years of clinical and radiographic follow-up, in a man who has never been treated. To date, this is the longest documented case report of the disease and its rare natural history. It demonstrates that after a variable time of evolution, the massive osteolysis is able to undergo spontaneous arrest and that the lesions may remain stable during several decades. Besides, no reossification was observed, even after 37 years of disease quiescence. Based on a large review of the literature, the authors then discuss the prognosis, etiopathology, and different therapeutic options available to halt the progression of the osteolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

An unusual case of transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis presenting with brain metastases.

We report a rare case, who had presented with a constellation of neurological symptoms (due to multiple brain metastases), but without any urological symptoms, to the department of neurosurgery. The patient was managed with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for the metastatic lesions. During an evaluation for primary, he was found to be having transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of right renal pelvis, for which palliative radical nephroureterectomy was performed, following which he received four cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. The patient is alive with stable disease at 22-months follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Biomechanics of the human chest, abdomen, and pelvis in lateral impact.

Fourteen unembalmed cadavers were subjected to 44 blunt lateral impacts at velocities of approximately 4.5, 6.7, or 9.4 m/s with a 15 cm flat circular interface on a 23.4 kg pendulum accelerated to impact speed by a pneumatic impactor. Chest and abdominal injuries consisted primarily of rib fractures, with a few cases of lung or liver laceration in the highest severity impacts. There were two cases of pubic ramus fracture in the pelvic impacts. Logist analysis of the biomechanical responses and injury indicated that the maximum Viscous response had a slightly better correlation with injury than maximum compression for chest and abdominal impacts. A tolerance level of VC = 1.47 m/s for the chest and VC = 1.98 m/s for the abdomen were determined for a 25% probability of critical injury. Maximum compression was similarly set at C = 38% for the chest and at C = 44% for the abdomen. The experiments indicate that chest and abdominal injury may occur by a viscous mechanism during the rapid phase of body compression, and that the Viscous and compression responses are effective, complementary measures of injury risk in side impact. Although serious pelvic injury was infrequent, lateral public ramus fracture correlated with compression of the pelvis, not impact force or pelvic acceleration. Pelvic tolerance was set at 27% compression.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Congenital arteriovenous malformation of the female pelvis: a gynecologic perspective.

Nine female patients with the rare congenital arteriovenous malformation of the pelvis were treated at New York University Medical Center in the past 8 years. The patients varied significantly in the anatomic location of the arteriovenous malformation, clinical presentation, and natural course of disease. A gynecologic perspective on the management of this condition is presented, which ranges from a conservative approach with preservation of childbearing potential to extensive pelvic surgery. The important role of modern interventional radiology technology and the multidisciplinary approach are stressed. The unpredictable course of disease after any intervention should be emphasized in planning the management of pelvic arteriovenous malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The significance of the dilated renal pelvis in the nitrofen-exposed rat fetus: effects on morphology and function.

Previously (R. J. Kavlock, B. F. Rehnberg, and E. H. Rogers, 1987, Teratology 36, 51-58) we reported that gestational exposure of rats to adriamycin induced alterations in development of the fetal renal papilla that persisted postnatally. The morphological effect was associated with functional deficits in neonatal animals as seen by their performance during a test of renal concentrating ability in the second postnatal week. In the present study, we utilized an experimental approach similar to that in the adriamycin study to evaluate the fate of the dilated renal pelvis that is induced in fetal rats following prenatal exposure to nitrofen. Groups of Long-Evans rats were exposed to 0, 6.25, 12.5, or 25 mg/kg of nitrofen on gestation Days 7-16. Renal morphology of the offspring were determined on gestation Day 21 and postnatal Week 5. The postnatal cohort was tested in the second postnatal week for their ability to excrete an osmotically concentrated urine. As was the case with adriamycin, the renal concentrating ability in the neonate was reduced and poor performance in the function test was associated with permanence of the morphological effect. By utilizing a standardized semiquantitative procedure to describe the status of the kidneys and ureters during development in combination with physiological assessment of organ performance, we were able to assess the morphological and functional development of the kidney. In the absence of other anomalies we suggest that offspring be monitored during postnatal development when alterations of the fetal renal papilla are observed in standard teratology bioassays in order to determine whether the effect is transient or permanent.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Angiographic aspects of tumors of renal pelvis and ureter.

Selective renal arteriography was done in 5 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and upper ureter. In 2 cases, the presence of tumor vessels was unequivocally diagnostic. In the remaining 3 cases, the arteriographic changes were not as prominent but were suggestive of neoplasm and were helpful in differentiating other causes of filling defects in the collecting system.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous rupture of renal pelvis.

A seventy-seven-year-old female with progressive abdominal sighs for twenty-four hours was found to have had a spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis with massive urinary extravasation.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1979

Amyloidosis of renal pelvis and urinary bladder.

We describe a patient with amyloidosis of renal pelvis and 2 patients with urinary bladder amyloidosis. Clinical presentation in all of the cases mimicked cancer of the respective sites. Clinical diagnosis of amyloidosis is not possible, making biopsy mandatory. Immunology of amyloid formation and treatment of amyloidosis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Synchronous tumors in both ureters and left renal pelvis.

A case of bilateral, synchronous ureteral tumors and a tumor in the left renal pelvis is presented. Conservative surgical treatment involved local resection of both ureteral tumors and partial nephrectomy of the left kidney. Multiple urothelial tumors subsequently developed in the bladder which were resected. The patient has had good kidney function and no evidence of disease.

Aged↗