Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Ovulation Induction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Haemorrhage into the anterior pituitary during pregnancy after induction of ovulation with clomiphene.

A 34-year-old woman with secondary amenorrhoea and primary infertility became pregnant after treatment with clomiphene. She developed pre-eclampsia. Visual symptoms were experienced due to rapid enlargement of the anterior pituitary gland. The patient was delivered by Caesarean section. At subsequent craniotomy the patient was found to have haemorrhage into the pituitary gland, but histological examination of the pituitary tissue which was removed revealed no tumour tissue. One year after delivery the patient was still amenorrhoeic and had galactorrhoea with hyperprolactinaemia indicating that she probably had a small pituitary adenoma which was incompletely removed during neurosurgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Induction of ovulation with clomiphene and human chorionic gonadotrophin in women with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea.

Seventeen women complaining of infertility (one with primary amenorrhoea, 14 with secondary amenorrhoea, and two with oligomenorrhoea) all had hyperprolactinaemia and were treated with clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), and plasma oestradiol, FSH and LH levels were measured. Although adequate pre-ovulatory oestradiol levels were present, the surge of LH was absent until the injection of HCG after which all patients ovulated. There were 12 pregnancies in 9 patients resulting in 10 full-term livebirths, one premature livebirth and one continuing pregnancy. The relevance of these findings to the possible role of prolactin in amenorrhoea is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An unexpectedly high rate of ectopic pregnancy following the induction of ovulation with human pituitary and chorionic gonadotrophin.

Six tubal ectopic pregnancies occurred in a series of 193 pregnancies following ovulation induced with human pituitary gonadotropin (hPG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The ectopic pregnancy rate of 3.1 per cent is higher than quoted incidences in the general population and occurred in the absence of predisposing factors. There was an association between ectopic pregnancy and elevated urinary oestrogen excretion in the peri-ovulatory phases of the induced ovulatory cycles. A urinary oestrogen excretion of greater than 200 microgram/24 hours on day 0 (the day after hCG was given) was associated with a 10 per cent chance of ectopic pregnancy (P less than 0.05).

Anovulation↗
PubMed1988

Protocols for induction of ovulation. The concept of programmed cycles.

Programmed oocyte retrieval which includes suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis by oral contraceptives or GnRH analogue and predetermined ("fixed") day for ovum pick-up has been demonstrated to yield a pregnancy rate that is comparable to that achieved by the conventional individualized approach to follicular maturation. We have prospectively compared two regimens of suppression (the pill and GnRH analogue) followed by two ovarian stimulation protocols (clomiphene citrate + human menopausal gonadotropin [CC + hMG] and pure follicle-stimulating hormone + human menopausal gonadotropin [pure FSH + hMG]). Sixteen patients were studied in each group. It was found that the latent phase, which represents a period of ovarian insensitivity, was prolonged and directly correlated to the duration of suppression, and that suppression with the GnRH analogue was associated with a shorter latent phase than that with the pill. Suppression with the pill for 30 days compared with 15 days resulted in a greater cancellation of laparoscopic oocyte retrieval, a lower fertilization rate, and a lower pregnancy rate. The numbers of oocytes recovered, fertilized, and cleaved were similar in both stimulation protocols. The use of the GnRH analogue for 30 days compared with 15 days was associated with a lower pregnancy rate, even though the number of oocytes that were recovered and fertilized were similar. Ovarian stimulation with pure FSH + hMG resulted in a shorter latent phase than did stimulation with CC + hMG, but the results of treatment with both protocols were similar. It is concluded that both the pill and GnRH analogue are acceptable means of manipulating the cycle and the day of oocyte retrieval. However, they should be used for the shortest periods possible because prolonged use is associated with some unwarranted effects. For each suppression-stimulation protocol there seems to be a different fixed day for retrieval that should be established prospectively.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

Induction of ovulation with pulsatile luteinising hormone releasing hormone.

Ovulation was successfully induced with luteinising hormone releasing hormone in 28 women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea who had failed to respond to treatment with clomiphene. Luteinising hormone releasing hormone was administered in a pulsatile manner with miniaturised automatic infusion systems. The rate of ovarian follicular maturation, as monitored by serial pelvic ultrasonography, was similar to that observed in spontaneous cycles. Endocrine assessment by serial measurement of gonadotrophin, oestradiol, and progesterone concentrations showed hormone concentrations to be within the normal range. Intravenous treatment was required in only two patients, the remainder responding satisfactorily to subcutaneous infusion. All patients conceived within six cycles of treatment, and only one multiple pregnancy occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Effect of clomifene citrate plus metformin and clomifene citrate plus placebo on induction of ovulation in women with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome: randomised double blind clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of clomifene citrate plus metformin and clomifene citrate plus placebo in women with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome. DESIGN: Randomised clinical trial. SETTING: Multicentre trial in 20 Dutch hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: 228 women with polycystic ovary syndrome. INTERVENTIONS: Clomifene citrate plus metformin or clomifene citrate plus placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The primary outcome measure was ovulation. Secondary outcome measures were ongoing pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and clomifene resistance. RESULTS: 111 women were allocated to clomifene citrate plus metformin (metformin group) and 114 women were allocated to clomifene citrate plus placebo (placebo group). The ovulation rate in the metformin group was 64% compared with 72% in the placebo group, a non-significant difference (risk difference - 8%, 95% confidence interval - 20% to 4%). There were no significant differences in either rate of ongoing pregnancy (40% v 46%; - 6%, - 20% to 7%) or rate of spontaneous abortion (12% v 11%; 1%, - 7% to 10%). A significantly larger proportion of women in the metformin group discontinued treatment because of side effects (16% v 5%; 11%, 5% to 16%). CONCLUSION: Metformin is not an effective addition to clomifene citrate as the primary method of inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN55906981 [controlled-trials.com].

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hypothalamic hypogonadism: induction of ovulation and pregnancy by subcutaneous pulsatile injections of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.

5 female patients with isolated hypothalamic hypogonadism were given subcutaneous pulses of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), 2.5-15 micrograms every 90 min, for 2-6 months by means of an automated pump. This treatment produced an increase in serum LH, FSH, and estradiol levels in 4 patients, all of whom became pregnant. The estradiol levels failed to rise in 1 patient, in spite of an adequate LH and FSH response, and a subsequent biopsy showed evidence of primary ovarian failure in addition to the hypothalamic deficit. We conclude that subcutaneous pulsatile GnRH administration is a simple, safe, and relatively inexpensive way to induce ovulation in patients with hypothalamic hypogonadism.

Adult↗