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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Efficacy of the nocturnal bite plate in the control of bruxism for 3 to 5 year old children.

Bruxism occurs in nearly 60% of children between 3 and 5 years, with important repercussions to the different components of the stomatognathic system. Nevertheless, there is little information in the literature about this topic. The aim of this study was to compare two groups of children with bruxism. One group was not submitted to treatment, serving as a control. To the other group, nocturnal bite plate was made. Cast models were made for both groups, to evaluate the progression of wear facets, during 8 months. The results are as follows: The 4 children of the control group displayed increased wear facets during the study period. On the other hand, of the 5 children that used nocturnal bite plate, showed no increase of wear facets, even after the removal of the device. From this study, we can conclude that the use of nocturnal bite plate is efficient against bruxism in 3- to 5-year-old children.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1999

Magnetic resonance imaging of the upper airway in obstructive sleep apnea before and after oral appliance therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanism by which an oral appliance may be used to treat obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). METHODS: Eleven OSAS patients (8 males and 3 females) were involved in the study. Mean age was 52.2 +/- 10.6 years; height was 166.6 +/- 7.2 cm, and weight was 75.6 +/- 9.3 kg; body mass index (BMI) was 27.2 +/- 2.9 kg/m2. Each patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and polysomnography before and after oral appliance therapy. Pharyngeal changes were measured and compared with the variation in sleep parameters. Also, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression were performed to investigate the relationship of sleep parameters and MRI items. RESULTS: Through oral appliance therapy, the sleep disorder decreased. Apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 44.6 +/- 21.5 to 9.6 +/- 6.3 per hour of sleep. Lowest oxygen desaturation rose from 71.4 +/- 15.0% to 82.0 +/- 7.7%. Meanwhile, the upper airway increased at most levels, and especially at oropharynx. As measured by the correlation and regression analysis, the AHI changes had a negative association with tongue volume (R = -0.5730) and a positive association with the area alternation of high oropharynx (R = 0.5823); the change of the lowest oxygen desaturation (SaO2%) was positively associated with whole airway volume (R = 0.6554). CONCLUSION: The oral appliance works by enlarging the upper airway morphology and keeping the airway open, mainly at the back of soft palate. The effect of the oral appliance is associated with the degree of enlargement of the high oropharynx. Those who have a small tongue and a large pharynx may expect to have good results with the use of the oral appliance.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[A device for mandibular advancement in respiratory disorders of sleep. Clinical study].

This study describes the technical steps for the making of a mandibular advancement device for sleep disordered patients (apnea index < 10). In a second part of the study, a group of 21 patients with sleep disordered breathing treated successfully with a mandibular advancement device is compared to a homologous control group. The experimental group showed cephalometric characteristics approaching those seen in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. The mandibular advancement device moved the mandibule forward (SNB angle increases by 1.7 degrees) and downward (mandibular plane angle increases by 3 degrees, which can be related to the 7.4 mm anterior vertical height increase). The hyoid bone adopted a more distant position from the cervical vertebrae. Important individual variations were seen among the patients for the optimal repositioning of the mandible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tomographic evaluation of TMJ loading affected by occlusal pivots.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the direction and magnitude of condyle displacement during clenching with occlusal pivots. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) loading and flexibility and the clinical significance of orthopedic appliance therapy are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants were 16 volunteers with a mean age of 25.8 years. Maxillary and mandibular flat occlusal devices were fabricated. TMJ tomogram series were taken first with tripod support and then with maxillary clenched anterior pivot support and/or unilateral posterior pivot support. Condyle positions on the TMJ tomograms were analyzed using the digital subtraction technique. RESULTS: When clenching with the anterior pivot, the anterior reference point (A) on the mandibular condyle was translated 0.1 mm posteriorly (P > 0.05) and 0.2 mm superiorly (P < 0.01) from the tripod-support reference point. In the case of the ipsilateral posterior pivot, point A was rotated 1.2 degrees (P < 0.01) and was translated 0.4 mm (P < 0.01) posteriorly and 0.18 mm superiorly (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Condyle displacement during clenching with the anterior and posterior unilateral pivot was found, which supports previous findings. However, the direction and magnitude of the displacement differed from those of previous studies using jaw-tracking devices, and individual values differed greatly among subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Tooth wear and loss: symptomatological and rehabilitating treatments.

The authors report a clinical case that presented tooth wear and absence, with painful muscular and articular symptomatology, and also alteration in deglutition, mastication and speech. The clinical procedures used were re-establishment of vertical dimension of occlusion, mandibular centric relations, and occlusal contacts through therapeutic removable partial dentures. The condyle position was analyzed in habitual occlusion and in occlusion with dentures, through transcranial radiographs of the temporomandibular joints. Oral rehabilitation was achieved with dental restoration and removable partial dentures.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Irreversible alteration in occlusion caused by a mandibular advancement appliance: an unexpected complication of sleep apnea treatment.

A 56-year-old woman who had suffered from socially disturbing snoring, daytime tiredness, and panic-like apnea episodes showed mild obstructive apnea in somnography. She was examined in the Oral and Maxillofacial Unit of Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland. She did not wish to have her malocclusion and lower airway obstruction corrected with orthognathic surgery, but instead chose to be treated with a mandibular advancement appliance. After having used the appliance nightly for more than 3 years, an irreversible alteration in her occlusion was noticed. The case is presented and possible reasons for this change are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Reliability of bimaxillary surgical planning with the 3-D orthognathic surgery simulator.

Functional and esthetic dysgnathia surgery requires accurate planning and precise surgical technique. Programs that simulate such surgery have thus become increasingly important. These are useless, however, when there is no technique for reproduction of surgical planning in the patient. This can be mediated by a surgical model. The present study investigates the accuracy resulting from use of the 3-D orthognathic surgery simulator (3-D OSS) in reproducing planned patient treatment. Eighteen patients with Angle Class III malocclusions who required bimaxillary surgery were evaluated. Planning criteria depended on the orthognathically intended occlusion and the jaw position simulated in the dentofacial planner, which predicted a harmonious profile. Model planning was carried out in the 3-D OSS. The accuracy of surgical reproduction was determined by cephalometric comparison of the postoperative cephalograms and computer simulation images. There were horizontal repositioning errors of 0.61 +/- 0.45 mm to 0.78 +/- 0.52 mm at the maxillary reference points (posterior nasal spine, anterior nasal spine, point A, and incision superius). Analysis of the positioning precision attained vertically was of the same order of magnitude, with values between 0.57 +/- 0.46 mm and 0.85 +/- 0.71 mm. Less precision was achieved in the mandible. The mean horizontal variation observed at incision inferius (0.91 +/- 0.51 mm) was still within the range of values for the maxilla, but an increase in the error to 1.61 +/- 0.79 mm was registered caudally to menton. The attained position of the maxilla did not vary significantly from the planned position (P < or = 0.05). Use of the orthognathic surgery simulator allowed precise implementation of the planned surgery. The model planning proved to be very helpful in preparing difficult bimaxillary operations.

Adult↗