Hospital dietetics in the People's Republic of China.
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The forecasting efficiency of two- and three-echelon menu item forecasting systems was compared. Two forecasting models were used with each system, adaptive exponential smoothing and a Box-Jenkins model. The two systems were compared in terms of forecast error costs. The two-echelon system, using adaptive exponential smoothing, was recommended. This technique resulted in the lowest forecast error costs at a majority of the lead times which probably would be used most frequently. Also, this technique was the least complicated of the four techniques which were compared.
The paper describes the use of advanced space diets of three prime crews who made 96-, 140- and 175-day flights aboard Salyut-6. It is concluded that the diets facilitated maintenance of a good nutrient status, high work capacity and normal health condition.
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Cost containment can be achieved through the use of methods of measuring, controlling, and modifying food costs and quality, labor costs, and departmental procedures.
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In 1972, a hospital food service introduced a fat-modified selective cycle menu program for its patients, staff members, and visitors. Goals and implementation are discussed.
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A food production management system uses a minicomputer that "recosts" standardized recipes to allow menus to be changed weekly in reaction to fluctuations in food costs.
Meal costs were compared in forty-eight high schools as a function of the lunch pattern. The patterns evaluated were: Type A "offer vs. serve," traditional Type A, four food groups (Basic 4), and free choice. Participation in school lunch increased with free choice, resulting in a reduction in labor and total meal costs. Sixteen per cent of foodservice work involved administration, 37 per cent preparation, 16 per cent service, 25 per cent clean-up, and 6 per cent other, which did not vary with the menu pattern.
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The paper described a scientifically validated approximate daily collection of foodstuffs and approximate weekly menu that correspond with the main foodstuff and energy physiological requirements of children and adolescents (aged 7-14 years). Discusses a number of nutrition organization aspects at summer pioneer camps.
A computer-based system provides a selective menu that meets the dietary prescriptions of each patient; reduces food, printing, and personnel costs; and frees clinical dietitians to spend more time in rendering direct patient care through nutrition assessment and education and in auditing their department's operations.
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