SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The ability to disinfect latex gloves successfully between procedures would save time and be cost-effective. An in vitro study examined the efficacy of using an ethyl alcohol/bactericide compound to disinfect latex gloves contaminated with five common bacteria.
A study was performed in 17 female workers employed in a latex glove manufacturing plant. The mean age of these workers was 42 years and the mean duration of their employment was 19 years. The employees were primarily nonsmokers or light smokers. The presence of chronic respiratory symptoms and acute work-related symptoms was recorded for these workers. Ventilatory capacity was measured during the morning work shift by recording maximum expiratory flow-volume curves from which forced vital capacity (FVC), 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and maximum expiratory flow at 50%, and the last 25% of the vital capacity (FEF50, FEF75) were measured. A control group of 17 nonexposed women workers was also studied. The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was greater among latex workers than among control confectionary packer workers, varying from 5.9% (vs. 0% in controls) for occupational asthma to 58.8% (vs. 0% in controls) for dyspnea grades 3 or 4. There was also a high prevalence of acute work-related symptoms in this industry, in particular, eye irritation (76.5%), dryness of the nose (70.6%), throat burning (70.6%), dryness of the throat (64.7%), and cough (58.8%). Among exposed workers, measured ventilatory capacity data were significantly lower than among controls, particularly FEF75 (75.1% +/- 10.5%). One of the 17 studied workers (5.9%) had a positive skin reaction to latex and had symptoms compatible with occupational asthma. Our data suggest that in addition to occupational asthma, the manufacture of latex gloves is associated with frequent, nonspecific respiratory findings.
The papular-purpuric "gloves and socks" syndrome (PPGSS) was first described in 1990 by Harms et al. The syndrome is characterised by fever, an itchy erythema with edema, confluent papules and purpura of the hands and feet in a "gloves and socks" distribution. The skin lesions may be associated with purpura and superficial erosions of the oral mucosa. Viral infections, in particular parvovirus B19, are the most likely trigger. In the present case PPGSS developed after taking trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Since the patient developed identical symptoms after accidental re-challenge with the same drug, this case strongly suggests medications as another factor in the pathogenesis of PPGSS.
The petechial glove and sock syndrome is a recently described febrile dermatosis characterized by acral pruritus, edema, pain, petechiae, and an enanthem of petechiae and erosions; these features suggest a viral origin. We report a typical case in a 36-year-old woman. IgM antibodies to human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) were present, and acute and convalescent IgG antibodies demonstrated seroconversion, which suggested recent infection with PVB19. Results of tests for other viral and bacterial agents were negative. These results strongly implicate PVB19 as an etiologic agent in the petechial glove and sock syndrome.
Microsurgical reconstruction of the severely mutilated hand aimed at improving prehensile functions often does not address the esthetic aspects of the hand. The poor appearance of the reconstructed hand affects its active display and use. A hand-glove prosthesis may be prescribed in this instance to enhance the overall form and function of the mutilated hand. We reviewed 16 cases of mutilating hand injuries in which surgical reconstructions were performed and the patients were subsequently fitted with a hand-glove prosthesis to augment the outcome. An improved appearance was achieved in all patients fitted with the prosthesis. The patients' sense of confidence was also enhanced, which in turn promoted the active and open use of the reconstructed hands. While prescribed primarily to improve the appearance of the reconstructed hands, these prostheses were documented to enhance the physical hand functions in 11 cases by increasing the span of the hand and providing an opposable post and a palmar base for holding and for anchorage. The prosthesis enhanced assistive functions of the reconstructed hands and freed the contralateral normal hand for use in bimanual activities, such as holding a wallet and taking out money, supporting a note pad for writing, and holding a plate at buffet receptions. At the 18-month follow-up visit, 13 (87%) of the patients continued to use their prosthesis. Wear and tear were problems associated with the frequent use of the prosthesis. The expected life span of the prosthesis with daily use ranged from 2 to 3 years. All the patients acknowledged that the prosthesis played a role in their rehabilitation and that it helped them to overcome the initial psychological trauma and to come to terms with their physical loss.
Human parvovirus B19 is the cause of erythema infectiosum a benign and self-limited infection, but sometimes the virus causes an acute and self-limiting dermatosis. It consists of a edema and erythema of the hands and feet in a gloves and sock distribution and is associated with oral lesions and fever. We report a case of a "gloves and socks" infection by human parvovirus B19.
Papular-purpuric 'gloves and socks' syndrome (PPGSS) is a novel, rare, self-limited dermatosis initially described in 1990. It is characterized by painful, pruritic edema and erythema, rapidly evolving to papular-purpuric lesions on the distal extremities, in a gloves-and-socks distribution, accompanied by fever and oral lesions such as petechiae, vesiculopustules and small erosions. Parvovirus B19 has been implicated in most cases as the etiological factor. Herein we present the first case of PPGSS in a 42-year-old Greek man with von Willebrand disease. On admission the patient was febrile, and presented acral edema and erythema rapidly followed by purpuric lesions on the same sites, and palatal petechiae. Complete remission of the exanthem occurred 7 days after hospitalization. Clinical and laboratory evaluation including serologic tests and PCR, confirmed the presence of parvovirus B19. Review of the existing literature on this novel syndrome and its association with parvovirus B19 is also presented.
After a period of general nonspecific symptoms (weakness; nocturnal sweating) for a few days a 29-year-old man suddenly developed a purpura-like rash on both hands and feet ("glove and sock") with mild itching and oedema. A blood count demonstrated leukopenia (2100/microliters) with neutropenia (1100/microliters), thrombocytopenia (81,000/microliters) and reticulocytopenia (1/1000), while haemoglobin content was normal. The bone-marrow showed almost complete reduction of erythropoiesis with the presence of giant proerythroblasts. Granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis were unremarkable. Positive tests for IgM and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19 established the diagnosis of infection with this organism. The rash, blood picture and bone-marrow changes all regressed spontaneously, without any treatment, within a week. The petechial or purpuric "glove and sock" syndrome may be a special form of parvovirus B19 infection.
Expansion of the retroperitoneal space is required prior to a retroperitoneal or an extraperitoneal laparoscopic procedure. This is usually performed by inflating a homemade glove balloon or a commercially available balloon. The latter is expensive and the former can sometimes be cumbersome. The present device is a metal cannula with a specially designed nut that holds the fingerstalls of a glove in position obviating the need for a tie. It was used in nine patients for three upper ureterolithotomies, three nephrectomies and three pyelolithotomies, all performed by the retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach. The fingerstalls did not burst or come off during inflation, the quality of dissection was satisfactory and all procedures were performed successfully. This simple reusable device provides a reliable and economical method for making a homemade balloon.
The permeation of specimens from 13 commercially available gloves by 20 single- and multi-component solutions was measured. Of the 8 basic glove materials, the butyl rubber and polyvinyl alcohol specimens exhibited the longest breakthrough times over the widest range of chemicals and chemical combinations.
In support of the Premanufacture Notification (PMN) program of the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Toxic Substances, the resistance of three glove materials to permeation by multifunctional acrylate compounds was evaluated through a program for the Office of Research and Development. Several recent PMN submissions relate to multifunctional acrylates and essentially no permeation data are available for this class of compounds. To better understand permeation behavior, tests were conducted with trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), and two mixtures of HDDA with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA). Because of the low vapor pressure and low water solubility of these compounds, the tests were conducted by using ASTM Method F739-85 with a silicone rubber sheeting material as the collection medium. Tests were performed at 20 degrees C with butyl, natural, and nitrile rubber glove materials. None of the acrylate compounds nor mixtures was found to permeate the butyl or nitrile rubber under the test conditions. Permeation through the natural rubber was observed in tests with pure HDDA, a 50% HDDA/50% EHA mixture, and a 25% HDDA/75% EHA mixture. TMPTA permeation through the natural rubber was also detected, but only in one of the triplicate tests after the 360-480 min sampling interval. For pure HDDA, the breakthrough detection time was 30-60 min and the steady-state permeation rate was 0.92 micrograms/cm2-min. For the HDDA/EHA mixtures, permeation of both mixture components was detected during the same sampling interval in each test. The breakthrough detection time was 30-60 min for the 50/50 mixture and from 15-30 to 30-60 min for the 25/75 mixture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A method has been developed for the determination of permeation characteristics of glove materials by organic solids. The system employs a stainless steel exposure cell and allows rapid and uniform contact of either solid disks or powders with minimal membrane bowing. A gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector was used for monitoring the permeation process, which provided detection limits of 0.9-1.2 ng for the organic solids evaluated. By using an automated system for instrument control and data collection, breakthrough times, steady-state times, and steady-state permeation rates have been determined for five common glove materials when exposed to nine organic solids.
Allergic reaction experienced by health care workers from latex glove use has increasingly become the focus of researchers evaluating occupational sources of injury in health care settings. Many studies have attempted to estimate the prevalence of latex sensitization among health care workers by using various methods, but the findings have been inconsistent and do not predict reactivity. This study used workers' compensation data from Minnesota from 1988 to 1997 to assess allergic reactivity rates, injury severity, and costs associated with latex allergic reactions. The average reactivity rate was 7.1 claims per 100,000 health care workers, and total cost associated with the claims averaged $0.295 per health care employee. Using empirical cost data from another study, it was found that it is not cost-beneficial for health care institutions to globally adopt latex glove-free policies solely on the basis of workers' compensation costs.
Papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome (PPGSS) is a disease characterized by itchy, painful acral erythema with edema, confluent papules, and purpura in a gloves-and-socks distribution and is associated with fever and mucosal lesions. Parvovirus B19 and other viral infections have been proven to be causative agents of this syndrome. Its histological findings have been the non-specific ones of interface dermatitis. Here, we report a case of PPGSS in a 44-year-old man that we believe to be the first such case in Japan. He developed, within one day, a painful edematous eruption with confluent papules and purpura on his hands and feet accompanied by high fever. A unique clinical manifestation in this case was multiple bloody bullae on the toes, which have not been previously described. Serological tests were negative for parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus.
The efficacy of 3 protective glove materials against percutaneous absorption of organic solvents was investigated in the guinea pig. All 3 materials gave a reduction in blood concentration of the solvents, particularly in the early phase of exposure. Of the tested materials, butyl rubber showed the best protective effect, followed by PVC and natural rubber. Gloves of polymeric material can be considered as offering sufficient protection against percutaneous absorption of organic solvents only if their selection is based on results obtained in a controlled and adequately performed test.
We previously described an acute dermatosis characterized by pruritic erythematous and slightly papular lesions on the hands and feet in a 'gloves and socks' distribution associated with oral aphthoid lesions and fever (papular-purpuric 'gloves and socks' syndrome = PPGSS). We strongly suspected a viral origin, but serologic tests for a large panel of viruses remained negative. Subsequently, 2 cases of PPGSS with serologic evidence of a parvovirus B19 infection have been reported in the literature. Since then we observed 5 additional patients with a PPGSS. Parvovirus B19 infection could be confirmed in only 2 cases. Our findings suggest that the PPGSS can be another, yet undescribed manifestation of parvovirus infection. However, this cannot be shown in all the cases. As the papular acrodermatitis of childhood, this syndrome may be caused by various viral agents.
Allergen-specific immunotherapy is a clinically proven effective treatment for many allergic diseases, including asthma; however, it is not currently available for latex allergy because of the high risk of anaphylaxis. There is, therefore, a crucial need for an animal model of latex allergy in which to develop effective immunotherapy. Previous mouse models of latex allergy either did not characterize the allergic pulmonary immune response or used crude latex extracts, making it difficult to quantify the contribution of individual proteins and limiting their usefulness for developing specific immunotherapy. We immunized mice with recombinant Hev b 5, a defined major latex allergen, or latex glove protein extract, representing the range of occupationally encountered processed latex allergens. The immune response was compared with that seen in ovalbumin-immunized mice. Immunization with Hev b 5 or glove extract elicits hallmarks of allergic pulmonary Th2-type immune responses, comparable to those for ovalbumin, including (1) serum antigen-specific IgE, (2) an eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the lung, (3) increased interleukin-5 in lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and (4) mucus hypersecretion by epithelial cells in the lung airways. This mouse model will aid the development of potentially curative treatments for latex-sensitized individuals, including those with occupational asthma.
Contingently applied protective equipment is a treatment strategy to control self-injury but one that has received limited experimental evaluation. This study examined the effects of contingent glove wearing for the treatment of self-excoriating, skin picking behavior in a sensory-impaired adolescent. Brief application of gloves following occurrences of self-injury produced clinically significant reductions in the behavior as demonstrated in a multiple-baseline design. Intervention effects were maintained at 1- and 3-month follow-up assessments.