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PubMedDate not supplied

Human exposure to mercury and silver released from dental amalgam restorations.

In 35 healthy individuals, the number of amalgam surfaces was related to the emission rate of mercury into the oral cavity and to the excretion rate of mercury by urine. Oral emission ranged up to 125 micrograms Hg/24 h, and urinary excretions ranged from 0.4 to 19 micrograms Hg/24 h. In 10 cases, urinary and fecal excretions of mercury and silver were also measured. Fecal excretions ranged from 1 to 190 micrograms Hg/24 h and from 4 to 97 micrograms Ag/24 h. Except for urinary silver excretion, a high interplay between the variables was exhibited. The worst-case individual showed a fecal mercury excretion amounting to 100 times the mean intake of total Hg from a normal Swedish diet. With regard to a Swedish middle-age individual, the systemic uptake of mercury from amalgam was, on average, predicted to be 12 micrograms Hg/24 h.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cellular responses to dental amalgam in vitro.

Cytotoxicity of fine cut amalgam was persistent until 24 hours after trituration in vitro, whereas cytotoxicity of spherical amalgam diminished more quickly. Increasing mercury content in spherical amalgam increased cytotoxicity. Possible reactions for the diminution of cytotoxicity of amalgams with time are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Abdominal pain in a child associated with dental amalgam ingestion.

We present the case of a child with abdominal cramping found to have radiopaque matter in his gastrointestinal tract on plain radiography. The parents denied ingestion of a foreign substance but specific questioning revealed a visit for dental care the previous day. This may serve to illustrate the benefits of taking a careful goal-directed history as opposed to the often recommended open-ended approach.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Wear of dental amalgam.

The wear of cental amalgam was studied by single- and double-pass sliding and by a silicon carbide abrasion test. A dispersed amalgam showed significantly better resistance to two-body abrasion than the spherical amalgams tested. The wear amalgam was determined by resistance to penetration and by a ductile mode of surface failure over the load range studied. Differences in the wear of amalgam and restorative resins and composites are discussed.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1986

Corrosion of dental amalgams in solutions of organic acids.

A conventional and two high copper amalgams were tested in 0.5% aqueous solutions of acetic, formic, lactic and succinic acid. The corrosion behavior of the amalgams in the different solutions was evaluated by analyzing the soluble corrosion products using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer every month during a 6-month experimental period. The high copper amalgams showed a high dissolution rate in formic and lactic acid solutions from the initial stages of immersion when compared to the conventional. Later a marked decrease of the dissolution rate could be observed but it still remained at high levels. In acetic acid the amounts of elements dissolved from high copper amalgams were much less. Conventional amalgam released much smaller amounts of elements in almost all solutions tested except in the case of silver in lactic acid. Finally, in succinic acid solution, the amounts of elements dissolved were unexpectedly small considering the low pH of the solution and the dissolution rates of the amalgams in the other organic acid solutions.

Acetates↗
PubMed1992

Effects of palladium addition on properties of dental amalgams.

Palladium-containing amalgam alloys were developed utilizing the atomization method. Single-compositional type alloys were fabricated and palladium was substituted for silver in concentrations up to 5 w/o. Alloy powder with a particle size of less than 45 microns was collected and triturated with mercury. Creep, compressive strength and dimensional change tests were performed according to ADA Specification No. 1 along with controls of Tytin, Valiant and Valiant-Ph.D. Values for creep decreased and compressive strength increased markedly with additions of palladium. Current densities of the experimental amalgams containing palladium were determined to be an order of magnitude less than the original amalgams in the electrochemical test. A trend of positive relationships between properties and palladium additions was indicated.

Corrosion↗