Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Chlorhexidine”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Efficacy of 4 percent chlorhexidine gluconate skin cleanser in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

We conducted three controlled, comparative studies to assess the effectiveness of a 4 percent chlorhexidine gluconate skin cleanser (Hibiclens) for the treatment of acne lesions in patients with acne vulgaris. In all studies, the chlorhexidine gluconate formulation achieved statistically significant reduction of the papules plus pustules count, which is generally accepted as the principal criterion of efficacy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

Mucosal sensitivity to chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Mucosal sensitivity to chlorhexidine mouthwash is a rare occurrence and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The authors report 2 cases of oral sensitivity to chlorhexidine and discuss the side-effects, possible causes of sensitivity and the management of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Chlorhexidine as a vaginal antiseptic in obstetrics].

The antimicrobial efficiency of a chlorhexidine containing emulsion which is used as gliding or antiseptic remedy is examined. The killer-time for germs within the suspension test as well as the testing in clinical use confirm the efficiency known from literature. The use of chlorhexidine containing emulsions serving as antiseptic gliding remedy is recommended.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1987

The effect of washing with chlorhexidine soap on wound infection rate in general surgery. A controlled clinical study.

Postoperative wound infections in clean surgery were studied to compare the effect of preoperative whole body disinfection with chlorhexidine soap with that of local washing and no washing at all, respectively. The study includes 1530 operations for biliary tract disease, inguinal hernia and breast cancer. The overall infection rate was 3.4%. Among patient who had a preoperative shower with Chlorhexidine the wound infection rate was significantly reduced.

Baths↗
PubMed1986

[Efficacy of a latex Foley catheter with sustained release of chlorhexidine: 1st report: Clinical trials for the prevention of urinary tract infection].

Seventy five patients requiring urethral catheterization for over 24 hours were treated with a latex Foley catheter with sustained release of chlorhexidine in a closed drainage system. While the catheter was indwelling, urinary concentrations of chlorhexidine were maintained at the level of 1 to 2 micrograms/ml in average in almost all patients. The catheter was highly effective in preventing the acquisition of catheter-associated bacteriuria in patients with initially sterile urine without systemic antimicrobial therapy. The acquisition rate of bacteriuria was 8, 16, 23, 35 and 74% on day 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 with the catheter indwelling, respectively. The catheter was not effective in eradicating preexisting bacteriuria. Complications of the catheter were minimal.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of chlorhexidine inthe form of an 0.2% solution and a 1% gel upon the gingiva and the state of oral hygiene of schoolchildren (author's transl)].

A double blind experiment made twice for two weeks was used to determine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine-containing preparations (0.2% solution, 1% gel) from the oral hygiene index, the sulcal bleeding index, and the rate of flow of sulcal fluid, with a total of 64 schoolchildren serving as subjects. The results of a longitudinal comparison confirmed the plaque-inhibiting effect of the chemotherapeutic agent, whereas inflammations of the gingiva were seen to be essentially unaffected. Short-time application of chlorhexidine is recommended as a supportive measure of oral hygiene to be taken in specific cases of indication.

Child↗
PubMed1983

[The use of a chlorhexidine-alcohol mixture as a hand rinse in a neonatal department].

Regular handwashing is considered to be a most important measure in the prevention of nosocomial infection. However, for practical reasons routine handwashing, before and after handling babies, is not strictly adhered to in the maternity nursery. As an alternative, more readily performed measure, regular handrinsing with an alcoholic chlorhexidine solution has been introduced. The results of a small study (performed as a student project), to evaluate the efficacy thereof in reducing the number of bacteria on the hands of nurses working in the nursery, are presented. Before and during use specimens were obtained from 10 nurses' hands using a sterile glove technique. The repeated use of the 0,5% chlorhexidine in 95% alcohol hand rinse was associated with significant short-term and long-term decreases in the number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacilli and staphylococci cultured from hands.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1980

Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the survival of acid fast bacteria.

Mycobacterium and Nocardia species were examined for survival after exposure to chlorhexidine gluconate. In clinical samples M. smegmatis, M. phlei, M. marinum, M. gordonae, M. scrofulaceum, M. kansasii, M. chelonei complex, M. fortuitum, M. flavescens, M. avium, M. xenopi and Nocardia sp. survived pre-treatment with the agent. After exposure of saline suspensions of bacteria to chlorhexidine gluconate, M. smegmatis, M. phlei, M. marinum, M. gordonae, M. pellegrino, N. corallina, N. rubra and Rodochrous gordonae were not recovered, and M. fortuitum and N. asteroides grew poorly.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1995

A combined analysis of a toothbrush, foam brush, and a chlorhexidine-soaked foam brush in maintaining oral hygiene.

Oral hygiene in immunocompromised patients is important in preventing oral infection and may be important in preventing systemic infections. By mechanically reducing bacterial plaque levels in the oral cavity, the risk of infection may be reduced. Foam brushes have been shown to be ineffective in controlling plaque levels and gingivitis. In a 2-week trial, we demonstrated that using a foam brush soaked in chlorhexidine reduces plaque and controls gingivitis as effectively as using a toothbrush. Foam brushes soaked in chlorhexidine should be used when toothbrushing cannot be performed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

[Anaphylaxis caused by chlorhexidine following cystoscopy or urethral catheterization].

Since 1983 the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs received 6 reports of anaphylaxis due to a chlorhexidine-containing lubricant used during cystoscopy or urinary catheterization. One case was described earlier. An accidental rechallenge in two patients was positive. In 5 cases, the causal relationship with chlorhexidine was confirmed by a positive reaction to intracutaneous testing. Although this adverse reaction is probably rare, medical practitioners should be aware of the possibility that a severe anaphylactic reaction may occur during use of these products.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1993

[Chlorhexidine prophylaxis at labor. Prevention of sudden infant death?].

In a study of nearly 5,000 births it was reported that decontamination of the birth canal at labour with chlorhexidine prevents excess neonatal morbidity associated with group B streptococci. Toxigenic E coli or chlamydia, most likely transmitted from vagina to infant at labour, has been uncovered in victims of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Assuming an etiological connection, vaginal decontamination at labour might also reduce mortality in SIDS. In a study of co-twins of SIDS victims, 13/23 survivors were reported to have long-term respiratory disorders. Recent reports link chlamydia with asthma and other respiratory dysfunction. This suggests an etiological connection between chlamydia, SIDS and respiratory dysfunction including asthma. It would be interesting if these hypothesized connections could be tested in an extension of the chlorhexidine study beyond infancy.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of two dentifrices in the control of chlorhexidine-induced stain.

An eight-week, double-blind, parallel and unsupervised clinical study was conducted to compare the ability of two dentifrices, Arm & Hammer Dental Care toothpaste and Crest toothpaste, to prevent the formation of stain induced by the twice daily use of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex). Stain formation was evaluated through the use of a new index (Modified Stain Index) designed to selectively detect stain of the proximal and facial surfaces of the anterior teeth. Examinations of stain formation were conducted at two-week intervals for a total of eight weeks. The results indicated equivalent stain prevention benefits for Arm & Hammer Dental Care and Crest when evaluated during eight weeks of chlorhexidine therapy. The modified stain index was shown to be valuable for discriminating location and intensity of early stain formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Randomized clinical trial of chlorhexidine versus placebo for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To test the effectiveness of a nurse-initiated systematic oral hygiene teaching program-PRO-SELF: Mouth Aware (PSMA)-in conjunction with two mouthwashes (0.12% chlorhexidine or sterile water) in preventing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. SETTINGS: 23 outpatient clinics and office practices in California. SAMPLE: 222 patients who were starting a cycle of mucositis-inducing chemotherapy. METHOD: Participants were followed over three chemotherapy cycles. All patients were provided the PSMA program. Random assignment to a mouthwash occurred prior to the development of oral mucositis. Researchers used the Oral Assessment Guide to assess the patients oral cavities monthly (with the patients cycles of chemotherapy) and when patients reported any oral changes between cycles. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Type of mouthwash, incidence, days to onset, and severity of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. FINDINGS: No significant differences existed between the two mouthwashes in regard to incidence, days to onset, and severity of mucositis. CONCLUSIONS: Because chlorhexidine (S20 per pint) was no more effective than water, a substantial cost savings can be realized by rinsing with water. Interestingly, the PSMA program appeared to reduce the incidence of mucositis from on a prior estimate of 44% to less than 26%. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: A nursing prescription of a systematic oral hygiene program using water as a mouth rinse is cost efficient and may be effective in preventing oral mucositis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The antimicrobial action of chlorhexidine-containing zinc-phosphate cement.

In this study chlorhexidine dihydrochloride and diacetate salts were incorporated at a low level into a zinc-phosphate luting cement. Inhibition of three cariogenic organisms by cement specimens aged up to 8 weeks was significantly greater than the bacterial inhibition of unaltered zinc-phosphate cement. The addition of chlorhexidine caused no significant degradation in strength, film thickness, or solubility of the cement.

Actinomyces viscosus↗
PubMed1997

Kinetics of chlorhexidine on intact skin following a single application.

Residual chlorhexidine concentrations were measured after application of a single dose on the skin of 22 healthy volunteers. Dosage by high-pressure liquid chromatography in the skin cleansers revealed that the residual concentrations were higher than chlorhexidine MICs for most organisms of the resident skin flora and some responsible for hand-borne infections, even 24 h after application.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1997

Effects of subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation on peri-implant maintenance.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of irrigation with 0.06% chlorhexidine (PerioGard) (CHX) using a powered oral irrigator (Water Pik) with a special subgingival irrigating tip (Pik Pocket Subgingival Tip) compared to rinsing with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate once daily. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following a prophylaxis, patients were randomly assigned to an irrigation or a rinse group. The following clinical parameters were measured at baseline and at the 3-month end of the study: Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding Index (BI), and Calculus Index (CI). Also, a Stain Index (SI) was measured at 3 months. RESULTS: Patients irrigating with diluted CHX showed a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05) from their baseline in the MGI, PI, BI, and CI scores at 3 months. In the rinse group both MGI and BI showed statistically significant reduction from their baseline (P < 0.05) at 3 months. The rinse group showed a nonsignificant (P > 0.05) increase from baseline in CI and a nonsignificant decrease in PI. Intergroup comparisons showed that CHX irrigation produced statistically significantly greater reductions than CHX rinsing in the PI, MGI, and SI. The irrigation group also showed a greater reduction in BI and CI than the rinsing group but these differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.12). The results of this study suggest that use of diluted 0.06% CHX when used in a powered irrigator may be a valuable adjunct to oral health in patients with implants.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The effectiveness and side effects of 0.1% and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinses: a clinical study.

OBJECTIVE: The study compared two commercial chlorhexidine mouthrinses (Chlorhexamed 0.1% and Corsodyl 0.2%) for their effects on dental plaque and gingival inflammation, their side effects (eg, tooth staining and mucosal irritation), and patient acceptance. METHOD AND MATERIALS: One hundred thirty healthy volunteers were randomly distributed into two groups of 65 each. Each volunteer had gingivitis or chronic marginal periodontitis and used the rinse two times a day for 4 weeks. The sulcular bleeding index, approximal plaque index, gingival index, and a discoloration index were taken at baseline and once a week thereafter. The patients were questioned about taste disturbances, mucosal irritation, and their perception of the taste of the mouthrinse. RESULTS: In both groups, after 4 weeks, the mean sulcular bleeding index, approximal plaque index, and gingival index scores had decreased significantly. The discoloration index had increased significantly in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the two mouthrinses in any of these measurements. There were no significant differences in side effects reported by the two groups. CONCLUSION: The increase in concentration of chlorhexidine provided no clinical advantages or disadvantages.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Alpha-hemolytic streptococci and root canal irrigants. An evaluation of the bactericidal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate plus cetrimide].

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The main bacterial species present in pulpal and periapical microbic flora is alpha-hemolytic streptococci. They are regarded as facultative anaerobes which prefer to grow in anaerobiosis. Canal irrigation plays an important role in the success of endodontic treatment given that, on the one hand, it encourages the gradual elimination of the smear layer, and on the other it neutralises microbic flora in the root canal. The aim of this study was to test the microbiological efficacy of sodium hypochlorite 1% and s new generation irrigant based on chlorhexidine 0.2% and cetrimide 0.2%. METHODS: The test was performed on the following alpha-hemolytic streptococci bacteria (Dasit, Cornaredo, Italy): Streptococcus mitis ATCC 9811; Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668; Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 13419; Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556. The working concentration (CFU/ml) was defined as 0.5 Mc Farland which corresponds to a concentration of microorganisms of approximately 1.5 x 10(8) bacteria. The following canal irrigants were used: 1) cetrimide 0.2% + chlorhexidine 0.2% (Cetrexidin Vebas, S. Giuliano Milanese, Italy); 2) NaOCl 1% (Ogna, Milan, Italy). Each individual substance remained in contact with the bacterial species used in the test for 10'-20'-30'. RESULTS: The results obtained show the bactericidal efficacy of both the irrigants used, even after a short period of contact. CONCLUSIONS: This does not mean that all irrigants are equal and/or promise the same results. This was a microbiological study, but it is nonetheless important to take other variables into account, such as contact time. Moreover, in order to increase the probabilities for the success of endodontic treatment, canal irrigants must also present other characteristics, namely: biocompatibility, scarce toxicity, high proteolytic power.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗