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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Walker 256/S carcinosarcoma causes osteoporosis-like changes through ectopical secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

We have shown that Walker 256/S mammary carcinoma caused osteoporosis-like changes in young female rats, accompanied by low serum estradiol and hypercalciuria without changes in the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone-related peptide. In this study, we investigated the cause of bone loss after Walker 256/S inoculation into female 6-week-old Wistar Imamichi rats, focusing on the sex hormone balance in the host animal. Walker 256/S-bearing rats showed characteristic osteoporosis, with a significant increase in spleen weight and a significant decrease in uterine weight by 14 days after s.c. tumor inoculation. In the in vitro bone marrow culture, mineralized nodule formation ability decreased according to the time after tumor inoculation, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cell formation increased at 7 days after tumor inoculation, but it began to decrease at 14 days after tumor inoculation. This indicates that after inoculation with Walker 256/S tumor, the progenitors of osteoblasts and ostroclasts lost their balance in the bone turnover, resulting in bone resorption. On the other hand, Walker 256/S carcinoma expressed luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) mRNA, and in Walker 256/S-bearing rats, the serum LH-RH level increased significantly from 3 days after tumor inoculation, whereas in the healthy control rats, this level was very low. Consequently, the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and progesterone were significantly lower in the tumor-bearing rats than in the healthy control rats. Because the LH-RH gene is located in the long prolactin release-inhibiting factor (PIF) gene and mRNA amplified by reverse transcription-PCR in this study contained whole LH-RH and a part of PIF, the Walker 256/S tumor is thought to express PIF. Indeed, the serum prolactin level decreased in tumor-bearing rats. The serum level of growth hormone, one of the other pituitary hormones, was not changed. Moreover, the level of an osteolytic cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha, increased in the serum of Walker 256/S-bearing rats, although this may be a result of the immune response of the host animal to tumor growth as well as an enlarged spleen. In conclusion, the Walker 256/S tumor lowers estrogen secretion through ectopical oversecretion of LH-RH, and then osteolytic cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, increase in tumor-bearing rats, escape the control of estrogen, and activate osteoclasts, resulting in bone loss in a short period.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Endometrial polyp transformed into carcinosarcoma].

A case of polyp of the endometrium in a female patient, 52 years of age, with malignization of both the stroma and the glandular component, is described. Planocellular metaplasia of the epithelium of the glands with its marked proliferation, dystrophic changes, buried growth of the type of adenoacanthoma were observed. The stroma was characterized by overgrowth of polymorphic spindle-shaped cells with the presence of mitosis figures. The general picture of sarcocarcinoma was observed. A favourable 4-year catamnesis was established.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed2002

Parathyroid carcinosarcoma: a previously unreported entity.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease. The first report of parathyroid carcinoma with sarcomatous differentiation is presented. A parathyroid mass measuring 6 x 8 x 9 cm was surgically excised from the left side of the neck in a 54-year-old man who had mild hypercalcemia. Light microscopic examination of the mass showed carcinoma with areas of rhabdomyosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the light microscopic impression. Resolution of hypercalcemia followed excision of the mass, but multiple pulmonary and adrenal masses subsequently developed and led to the patient's death despite aggressive trials of chemotherapy with doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and cisplatin. The sarcomatous elements of the mass excised from this patient are presumed to represent aberrant cellular differentiation previously described in uterine and other tissue but not in parathyroid glands. Sarcomatous differentiation itself appears to be a poor prognostic factor in parathyroid carcinoma.

Carcinosarcoma↗