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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Multiple intrahepatic biliary cysts in children with biliary atresia.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, clinical course, and outcome of multiple intrahepatic biliary cysts in patients with biliary atresia. METHODS: From 1992 to 2000, 154 patients with biliary atresia were examined for intrahepatic cysts. They were followed and examined routinely using abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients had single intrahepatic cysts, and 16 patients had multiple cysts. The incidence of intrahepatic cysts in these patients were 25.3% (39 of 154) for all kinds of cysts and 10.4% (16 of 154) for multiple intrahepatic cysts. Of the 16 patients with multiple cysts, 13 (81.3%) had jaundice, and 15 (93.8%) had a history of cholangitis before cysts were detected. Image studies showed multiple discrete ovoid or round intrahepatic biliary cysts with various sizes along the biliary trees. The cysts decreased in size or number in 7 patients after antibiotic treatment and disappeared in only one patient. The mortality rate was higher in patients with multiple cysts than in those with single cysts (P =.037). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple intrahepatic biliary cysts are a common complication in patients with biliary atresia and suggests a poor prognosis. Prolonged parenteral antibiotics treatment should be administered when signs of biliary infection appear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Histology and cytology of laparoscopically operated "simple ovarian cysts"].

In a retrospective study the histopathological findings of 127 laparoscopically operated unilocular anechoic smooth-walled ovarian cysts have been correlated with clinical characteristics (age, duration of observation, complaints, hormonal treatment), size by ultrasound, kind and colour of cysts content as well as cytological findings. The age of patients differed from 16-61 years (mean +/- s: 36 +/- 16). The histopathologic findings yielded 15 (11.8%) functional cysts, 30 (23.6%) persistent corpus luteum cysts, 9 (7.1%) endometriomas, 7 (5.5%) cystic teratomas, 9 (7.1%) undifferenciated cysts and 57 (44.9%) cystadenomas. There were no differences between histopathologic diagnosis groups according to age and cysts size by ultrasound. Functional cysts with complaints (n = 6) may explain that the observation time in 60% of all functional cysts was smaller than 6 weeks, whereas persistent corpus luteum cysts, endometriomas, cystic teratoma and cystadenomas had been observed for longer than 6 weeks in more than two thirds. Intraoperative evaluation of cysts content as "chocolate"-like was suspicious of endometriomas, but was also present in cysts of other histopathological findings. By means of cytology, endometrioma (siderophages) was suspected in 44.4% and a cystadenoma in 42.1% of all histopathologically verified cases. In all, the cytologic findings were useful for correct histopathological diagnosis in only 33.9% of all 127 cases. It is concluded that differential diagnosis of simple ovarian cysts is not possible by clinical characteristics, neither by ultrasound nor by cytological evaluation. Ovarian cysts should be observed for at least two hormonal cycles. A hormonal treatment by combination preparations containing high doses of oestrogen is also recommended. In cases of persisting ovarian cysts laparoscopic removal is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Role of the constructive interference in steady-state sequence in the classification of sacral meningeal cysts.

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of the CISS (constructive interference in steady state) sequence in sacral meningeal cysts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with sacral meningeal cysts were included. Conventional T1W and T2W sequences and the CISS sequence (TR/TE = 12.25/5.90) were obtained at 1.5-T. The 1-mm-thick base images and multiplanar reformatted images of the CISS sequence were studied. The sacral meningeal cysts were classified by the CISS sequence in accordance with the previously described surgical and histopathological criteria. RESULTS: A total of 25 sacral meningeal cysts were identified in the 14 patients. The cysts and their contents were visualized by the CISS sequence, and the CISS sequence was superior to the T1W and T2W images. Fifteen of the cysts were consistent with type I lesions (extradural meningeal cysts without nerve fibers inside) and 10 cysts with type II lesions (extradural meningeal cysts with nerve fibers inside). There were no type III lesions (intradural meningeal cysts) in the sacral region. CONCLUSION: Previous studies have indicated that conventional MRI as well as magnetic resonance myelography are inconsistent for a classification of sacral meningeal cysts. The CISS sequence with its capability to obtain T2W thin slice acquisitions is superior in showing the nerve root fibers contained in the cysts, which is essential in the differentiation of type I and II cysts. Application of the CISS sequence is recommended in the diagnosis of sacral meningeal cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Tenascin-C expression in the cyst wall and fluid of human brain tumors correlates with angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: Tenascin-C (TN) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein with a characteristic six-armed structure. The aim of this study was to determine whether the concentration of TN in the cyst fluid of brain tumors can be used as a marker for angiogenesis and glioma grade. METHODS: We investigated the expression of TN in the cyst wall and cyst fluid of human brain tumors by immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting. The tumors included 12 astrocytomas (5 glioblastoma multiforme tumors, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 low-grade astrocytoma, 4 juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas, and 1 mixed glioma), 2 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, 3 craniopharyngiomas, 2 ependymomas, 2 metastatic carcinomas, 3 arachnoid cysts, 1 glial ependymal cyst, and 1 inflammatory cyst. RESULTS: We detected no expression of TN in the cyst fluids of the ependymomas, craniopharyngiomas, and nonpilocytic low-grade astrocytoma. By contrast, TN was detected in the cyst fluids of all the other tumors. Results of quantitative immunoblotting using a PhosphorImager unit (Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA) revealed that, on average, a 5-fold higher signal was observed in the glioblastoma multiforme tumors as compared with the anaplastic astrocytoma, and a 10-fold higher signal as compared with the mixed glioma, juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas, and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors. Results of TN immunohistochemistry in the astrocytomas correlated with glioma grade, with stronger staining of the hyperplastic vessels and tumor cells being observed in higher grade gliomas. No TN immunoreactivity was detected in the walls of the ependymomas, arachnoid cysts, and glial ependymal cyst that lack hyperplastic vessels, and minimal TN immunoreactivity was observed in the perivascular gliotic rim of the craniopharyngiomas. No TN was detected in the cyst fluid of these cystic processes. CONCLUSION: The presence of TN in and around the hyperplastic vessels and tumor cells present in the cyst walls of astrocytomas and its deposition in the intratumoral cyst fluid in which angiogenic factors have been detected further suggests a role for TN as an angiogenic modulator. These preliminary results suggest that immunodetection of TN in the tumor cyst fluid may indicate tumor type and grade.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Synovial cysts of the lumbar facet joints in a symptomatic population: prevalence on magnetic resonance imaging.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of 303 MRI scans of the lumbar spine was conducted. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of lumbar facet joint synovial cysts arising from the joints anteriorly and posteriorly. To examine the association of these cysts with facet joint osteoarthritis and degenerative disc disease. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Sporadic reports of such cysts exist as do limited studies describing the prevalence of symptomatic anterior facet joint synovial cysts. However, the overall prevalence of lumbar facet joint synovial cysts has not been formally studied, and the mechanism of formation of these cysts is not fully understood. METHODS: One observer undertook a review of MRI of the lumbar spine from one facility in a series of 303 patients referred mostly for back pain or radiculopathy. The presence of lumbar facet joint synovial cysts, their relationship to the facet joint, the degree of associated facet joint osteoarthritis, the presence of spondylolisthesis, and the degree of associated disc degeneration were recorded. RESULTS: Seven anterior cysts (prevalence = 2.3%) were identified, only two of which did not clearly cause nerve root compression. Twenty-three posterior cysts in 22 patients (prevalence = 7.3%) were identified. Statistically significant associations with increased frequency and severity of facet joint osteoarthritis and with spondylolisthesis were demonstrated compared to patients without cysts. CONCLUSIONS: Both anterior and posterior lumbar facet joint synovial cysts are rare. Posterior cysts are more common than anterior cysts. Both types of cysts are related to facet joint osteoarthritis but not to disc disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Basal ovarian cysts and clomiphene citrate ovulation induction cycles.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of simple basal ovarian cysts in patients undergoing infertility treatment with clomiphene citrate. To evaluate the effect of clomiphene citrate on pretreatment simple ovarian cysts. METHODS: Prospective cohort trial of 84 infertility patients undergoing ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate. Patients with basal ovarian cysts of 10 mm or greater (n = 42) were compared with patients without ovarian cysts (n = 42). The main outcome measure was ovulation determined by menstrual cycle day 21 progesterone level. Each patients with an ovarian cyst was also evaluated for persistence or resolution of the cyst in association with ovulation and cyst size. Pretreatment and posttreatment transvaginal ultrasound examinations were performed on all patients. RESULTS: Demographic data were similar among the groups. The mean ovarian cyst size was 17.4 +/- 5.8 mm. Patients in the ovarian cyst group were significantly less likely to ovulate (80.9% versus 97.6%, P < .05), but did not differ in pregnancy rate compared with patients without baseline ovarian cysts (4.8% versus 11.9%, P = .43). Persistent ovarian cysts occurred in 36.7% of the patients. The initial size of the cyst did not predict cyst persistence. CONCLUSION: According to these data, basal ovarian cysts significantly reduce ovulatory events in patients treated with clomiphene citrate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Selection of criteria for the treatment of ovarian cysts on the bases of ultrasound and cytology.

The major objective of the present study was to determine whether leakage of ovarian cyst cells occurs when the cysts are punctured inside a container with saline. Other subjectives were to determine the sensitivity and specificity of cytology in the differentiation between malignant and benign cysts by comparing cytology data with histology data, and also to determine whether ultrasound can provide consistent evidence for predicting whether the cyst is benign or malignant, thus permitting the selection of patients with benign cysts for puncture rather than surgical exeresis. A cytologic study was carried out on the contents of 62 ovarian cysts diagnosed by ultrasound and clinical examination, and excised from 51 patients submitted to exploratory laparotomy. The cyst was excised and immersed in a container with saline outside the surgical field. The cyst was punctured and its contents aspirated through the wall of the container. Five samples were obtained for cytology: (1) presurgical abdominal wash; (2) saline before cyst puncture; (3) fluid from the punctured cyst; (4) saline after cyst puncture, and (5) postoperative abdominal wash. The materials obtained were submitted to centrifugation and slides of the precipitate were prepared for cytology. A total of 248 slides were studied. Slides of cysts with good cellularity were stained with silver to study the nucleolar organizer regions. Analysis using Kappa statistics showed excellent agreement between the cytologic and histologic diagnoses (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of the cytologic study of the cyst was 75% and the specificity 100%, with a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 92%, and 93% accuracy. The present results led us to conclude that cell leakage into physiological saline occurred after puncture and that cytologic study of cysts valuable in the diagnosis of benign and malignant processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytodiagnosis of simple and proliferating trichilemmal cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the cytologic findings in simple trichilemmal (pilar) cysts and proliferating trichilemmal cysts (pilar tumors) and the clinical importance of these lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Aspirates from 12 simple pilar cysts and three pilar tumors, all histologically confirmed, were analyzed with a view to elaborating on specific cytologic features enabling a distinction from epidermal cysts and other adnexal tumors. RESULTS: Aspirates from pilar cysts showed two different pictures, depending on the age of the cyst. Young pilar cysts showed aspirates with an abundant background of blotchy keratin with or without calcification and inflammation. Older (degenerating) cysts showed oily fluid debris with cholesterol crystals and inflammatory cells. The epithelial component was sparse, and only an occasional syncitial cluster of small squamoid cells was seen. As opposed to this, epidermal cysts usually showed a cleaner background, with very cellular aspirates containing many nucleate and anucleate squames, keratin flakes, platelike crystals and no calcification. The pilar tumors showed a lesser amount of keratin as compared to pilar cysts and yielded large and small clusters of squamoid and basaloid cells, a few of which showed an abrupt association with anucleate, keratinized globules. CONCLUSION: The cytologic diagnosis of a pilar cyst should be made especially in scalp cysts, which yield either abundant, blotchy keratin or oily, cholesterol-rich debris with a sparse epithelial component and which lack a mixture of anucleate and nucleate squames. On aspiration, pilar tumors yield comparatively more cells and less keratin and show small, basaloid or squamoid cells abruptly associated with keratin globules. The cytologic diagnosis of pilar cysts is important because these cysts recur if incompletely excised and often undergo transformation to pilar tumors. Similarly, pilar tumors often clinically mimic squamous carcinomas, and hence there is a need to outline definitive cytologic features.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

High prevalence of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in mediastinal cysts situated in the posterior mediastinum.

BACKGROUND: To identify and estimate the prevalence of mediastinal cysts lined by the epithelium expressing steroid receptors. METHODS: We retrieved 19 mediastinal cysts from our pathology files from 1996 to 2004, and examined estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions in the cysts. RESULTS: Three paravertebral cysts, all in women, one bronchogenic cyst in a woman, nine thymic cysts, and six pericardial cysts were found in the pathology files. Paravertebral cysts were situated in the posterior mediastinum and were attached either to the left or the right of the vertebral column. All cysts were radiologically diagnosed before surgery as neurogenic tumors. They were excised by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The epithelial lining of the cyst in all three cases was strongly positive for both ER and PR. A thymic cyst in one woman was weakly positive only for the ER. In all other cases, the lining was entirely negative for both ER and PR. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior mediastinal paravertebral cysts characteristically express ER and PR. They should be recognized as a distinct type of mediastinal cyst because they are biologically different from bronchogenic cysts, seem not to be infrequent, and sometimes are misdiagnosed as a neurogenic tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Possible origin of suprasellar arachnoid cysts: neuroimaging and neurosurgical observations in nine cases.

OBJECT: In this study the authors identify and investigate two new classifications of suprasellar arachnoid cysts. METHODS: The authors used computerized tomography cisternography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and neuroendoscopy to investigate nine cases of suprasellar arachnoid cysts. A communicating cyst with early filling and early clearance of a radioopaque tracer was found in seven of nine cases; a communicating cyst with delayed filling and delayed clearance of the tracer was observed in one case; and a noncommunicating cyst was observed in the other. The MR findings indicated a variation in the position of the basilar artery (BA) bifurcation in relation to the ventral surface of the midbrain. A distance existed between the BA bifurcation and the ventral surface of the midbrain in a communicating cyst with early filling, whereas the BA bifurcation was posteriorly displaced in a communicating cyst with delayed filling and also in a noncommunicating cyst, leaving little space between the bifurcation and the ventral surface of the midbrain. Endoscopic observation revealed, in the case of communicating cysts with early filling and early clearance of tracer, that the BA bifurcation is located inside the cyst with no overlying membrane, whereas in a noncommunicating cyst, the BA and its branches can be observed through the transparent membrane of the lesion. CONCLUSIONS: The authors postulate two different types of suprasellar arachnoid cysts: a noncommunicating intraarachnoid cyst of the diencephalic membrane of Liliequist and a communicating cyst that is a cystic dilation of the interpeduncular cistern.

Arachnoid Cysts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological study of Rathke's cleft cysts.

The clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics of Rathke's cleft cyst are analyzed and compared with those of ciliated and goblet cell craniopharyngioma (a subset of papillary craniopharyngioma) to clarify the clinicopathological differences between these conditions. We analyzed 42 patients with Rathke's cleft cyst and 3 patients with ciliated and goblet cell craniopharyngioma. Cyst contents and MRI findings of the cyst generally reflected changing pathology of Rathke's cleft cyst. Turbid and less viscous cyst content and heterogeneous T1 and/or T2 signals on MRI sometimes represented predominance of squamous epithelium in the cyst wall. Pathological study disclosed smooth transition from ciliated columnar epithelium typical for Rathke's cleft cyst, via ciliated squamous epithelium, to squamous epithelium typical for craniopharyngioma in the same patients. Ki-67 immunostaining disclosed that the proliferative index of squamous epithelium of Rathke's cleft cyst is significantly higher than that of simple or pseudostratified epithelium of Rathke's cleft cyst (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our extensive study on Rathke's cleft cyst revealed that the high possibility of progression from Rathke's cleft cyst, in which either the cyst content or cyst wall are atypical or squamous epithelium is predominant, compared to ciliated and goblet cell craniopharyngioma and again to papillary craniopharyngioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of surgery in simple ovarian cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgery in simple ovarian cysts. METHODS: From Jan. 1994 to Dec. 1999, 221 women with simple ovarian cysts were admitted into our hospital. The diameter of cysts was < 5 cm in 76 cases, and was > or = 5 cm in 145 cases ultrasonically. One hundred and eighty-four patients underwent laparoscopy, and thirty-seven underwent laparotomy. RESULTS: Histological findings showed no malignancy in this series. Simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum were found histologically in 90.8% of cases with cysts < 5 cm, and 60% of those with cysts > 7 cm respectively, their difference was significant (chi2=37.13, P<0.001). The simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum cysts were found in 81.5% of postmenopausal women and 84.0% of premenopausal women. CONCLUSION: Patients with cysts > 7 cm are indicated for surgical procedures, while a period of followup is acceptable for patients with cysts < 7 cm, and surgery is advisable if the cyst is persistent during followup. Postmenopausal women with cysts should have operations.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed2003

Diagnosis of benign cysts of the mediastinum: the role and risks of EUS and FNA.

BACKGROUND: Benign mediastinal cysts, which account for approximately 20% of mediastinal masses, may be diagnostic challenges. Information regarding the use of EUS and EUS-guided FNA in this setting is limited. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the value and potential risks of EUS and EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of mediastinal foregut cysts. METHODS: The EUS database of a single tertiary referral center was reviewed for the diagnosis of benign mediastinal cysts. Twenty patients were identified who underwent 23 EUS examinations for suspected mediastinal cysts (n = 4), for follow-up of a known cyst (n = 3), or for a mediastinal mass of unknown origin (n = 16). RESULTS: In 19 patients, the definite diagnosis of a mediastinal cyst was established by EUS. Twelve cysts appeared anechoic, 6 were hypoechoic, and one anechoic cyst contained small echoic foci. CT (n = 17) or magnetic resonance imaging (n = 1) was performed in 18 cases; only 4 of these were diagnostic of a cyst. In 3 cases, the cyst contents were aspirated by EUS-FNA. In a fourth case, a solid-appearing duplication cyst, misdiagnosed by EUS, was sampled with FNA and core biopsy. This patient developed severe sepsis secondary to mediastinitis 4 days later. Thoracotomy revealed an infected bronchogenic cyst. CONCLUSIONS: EUS provides a minimally invasive approach to the diagnosis of benign mediastinal cysts and may be more accurate than CT or other imaging modalities. Aspiration of suspected cysts should be undertaken with caution, given the risk of infection.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗
PubMed2003

[Clinical and pathological features of congenital bronchial cyst].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological features of congenital bronchial cysts. METHODS: The clinical, X-ray, CT and histopathologic manifestations were retrospectively reviewed in 30 patients with congenital bronchial cysts. RESULTS: There were 23 patients with intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts, 5 patients with mediastinal bronchogenic cysts, and 2 patients with ectopic bronchogenic cysts. Of the 30 patients, 18 were liquid cysts, 7 air cysts, and 5 multiple pulmonary cysts. Intrapulmonary congenital bronchial cysts were diagnosed always due to infection. Nineteen of 23 patients (83%) presented with cough, sputum production, 2 accompanied by fever, 11 with hemoptysis or blood-stained sputum, 11 with chest pain. The imaging features were "bag included mass", which was characterized by a big bag surrounded by a little soft-tissue, or thin walled cavity, or multiple honeycomb or cystoid circular translucency. Two of 4 patients with mediastinal bronchogenic cysts incidentally discovered on a radiograph obtained for other reasons were almost asymptomatic, 2 presented with dyspnea due to compression of trachea, 1 with dysphagia due to compression of oesophagus. The imaging features included isolated well-defined round shape or ovoid soft-tissue mass with isodensity, and mutual compression between the surrounding organs. Two patients with ectopic bronchogenic cysts were diagnosed due to cystic mass on chest wall. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, gland, cartilage, elastic fiber and smooth muscle were all confirmed by light microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The main type of congenital bronchial cysts is intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts. The clinical manifestations are cough, sputum production and hemoptysis, and the imaging feature is "bag included mass" on CT scan. A lining of respiratory epithelium associated with a wall containing glands, cartilage and smooth-muscle is the histopathologic feature for diagnosing congenital bronchial cysts. The optimal treatment is surgical resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of intracranial arachnoid cysts].

The results of surgical treatment in 21 cases of intracranial arachnoid cysts, mostly in adults, are reviewed. There were 19 supratentorial and 2 infratentorial cysts. In all but one supratentorial cyst cases epileptic seizures were the major clinical presentation. CT scan was helpful in the diagnosis in most cases. In 7 patients CT-cisternography was performed and in 3 cases a connection of cyst cavity to intracranial cerebrospinal fluid space was demonstrated. The cysts were treated surgically in different ways including craniotomy for fenestration of cyst wall, resection of cyst wall and neighbouring cerebral structures or cyst-peritoneal shunting. In some cases successive surgical treatment was necessary since the initial surgery proved to be unsuccessful. The authors believe that the best results were achieved by cyst removal with resection of cerebral structures being the source of epileptic discharges under intraoperative electrocorticographic control. The regression or diminished intensity of seizures can be achieved in this way. The fenestration of cyst alone leads to cyst recurrence. Cyst-peritoneal shunting usually did not lead to significant reduction of cyst size and delayed complications caused this kind of treatment to be uneffective. The significant number of infectious complications in all surgical treated cases of arachnoid cysts suggest the need for avoiding operation in asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Optimizing surgical management of symptomatic solitary hepatic cysts.

Four men and six women with symptomatic solitary hepatic cysts were encountered over an 11-year period. Average age was 49 years (range, 10 months to 67 years). Most common clinical features included right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, a palpable RUQ mass and early postprandial satiety. Liver function studies were uniformly normal. Ultrasound and computerized tomography CT were virtually diagnostic alone or in combination. Eight patients had unilocular, simple cysts and two patients had multilocular complex cysts also designated as biliary cystadenomas. Cysts recurred in four patients treated surgically by needle aspiration, incision, and internal drainage or external catheter drainage. All four patients required reoperation, which included hepatic lobectomy in three patients and extensive unroofing in one patient. No cysts have recurred in six patients treated by extensive unroofing or excision of the cyst and none has required reoperation. One patient who underwent hepatic lobectomy for cyst recurrence after an inadequate primary procedure was found to have an unsuspected carcinoma in the cyst wall. The conclusion is that extensive unroofing of unilocular solitary hepatic cysts minimizes the likelihood of cyst recurrence and obviates the need for hepatic resection. Total cyst excision is indicated for all multiloculated cysts to avoid overlooking a biliary cystadenoma or for unilocular cysts if the biopsy specimen of the cyst wall demonstrates an unsuspected neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of interhemispheric glio-ependymal cyst in a newborn infant].

An interhemispheric glio-ependymal cyst in a male neonate is reported. Neuroradiologically, the cyst, which had a septum like component within it, was located in the right frontoparietal interhemispheric and displaced the third and lateral ventricles. It had no communication with the ventricular system. As for anomalies associated with it, the total callosal agenesis and congenital hydrocephalus were revealed in CT scan. Angiogram suggested that polymicroglia accompanied with the cyst. It was confirmed that the cyst was divided into two parts by the septum during surgery. Microscopic examination showed that the cyst wall was composed of ependyma, connective tissue and glial cells. Choroid plexus component was also found in the septum. On the basis of the fact above, it was diagnosed interhemispheric glio-ependymal cyst. We believe that this interhemispheric cyst described above is a true cyst and differs morphologically and embryologically from the midline cyst which is produced with callosal agenesis and due to increased intraventricular pressure. In fact, the latter is an encystic third ventricle but not a true cyst. Both of them are, however, usually called interhemispheric cyst in the literature. We conclude that this case is appeared to be a true cyst because we can differentiate it from third ventricle by neuroradiological findings. We discussed nature of different interhemispheric cysts with callosal agenesis and suggested that recognition of the morphological relationship between the interhemispheric cysts and third ventricle was utmost important to make a correct diagnosis.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1999

Statistical observations on jaw cysts in Enugu, Nigeria, 1987-1996.

Cases of jaw cysts treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu during the 10 year period between 1987 and 1996 were studied clinically. A diagnosis of jaw cyst was established in 20 patients during the above period. According to pathological classification by the WHO method, these patients included 10 (50%) with dentigerous cyst, 3 (15%) with radicular cyst, 3 (15%) with odontogenic keratocyst, 3 (15%) with fissural cyst (nasopalatine duct cyst, nasoalveolar cyst, globulomaxillary cyst), 1 (5%) with dermoid cyst. Patients with dentigerous cyst, which was found at relatively high frequency, were further analyzed with regard to age, sex, and anatomical distribution. Among patients with dentigerous cyst, those aged between 21 and 40 years accounted for 60%. Males outnumbered females in a ratio of 1.5:1. Dentigerous cyst occurred most frequently in the region of the mandibular wisdom teeth. The relatively very small number of cases, the need for more research on the subject and the need to educate the general public on oral hygiene are highlighted.

Adolescent↗