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Emergency implementation of knowledge management system to support a bioterrorism response.

In a public health emergency, it becomes necessary for public health agencies to provide timely, accurate and useful information to the community. During the anthrax attacks, the Public Health Practice Program Office in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented a knowledge management (KM) system to respond to an increased number of inquiries from public health officials, first responders, and health care professionals as well as the general public. While it is possible to successfully implement a knowledge management system quickly in a crisis situation, additional challenges to sustainability may result from shortchanging the normal decision-making channels.

Anthrax↗

Francisella tularensis: possible agent in bioterrorism.

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly infectious gram-negative coccobacillus. Due to its high infectivity it is of major concern to public health officials as a possible biological weapon. Although accidental exposure can occur through arthropod bites, handling infected animals, or breathing in aerosols, cases are usually isolated and contained. In the event of an intentional exposure such as in a bioterrorist attack, inhalation of aerosols can result in devastating consequences with much causality. Although a vaccine is available, sufficient quantities may not be readily accessible in an actual attack. Therefore, it is very important for both medical professionals and public health officials to be prepared to contain and control the situation should it actually occur.

Aerosols↗

Current therapy and the development of therapeutic options for the treatment of diseases due to bacterial agents of potential biowarfare and bioterrorism.

An important part of biodefense is the optimization of current therapy and the development of new therapeutic options for the treatment of the diseases most likely encountered in the form of biological weapons. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of anthrax, plague, tularemia and botulinum toxin intoxication are reviewed. The strategies in development for the prevention of anthrax focus primarily on active and passive immunization against protective antigen, because of its central role as a toxin delivery module. Novel vaccine strategies for plague, tularemia and botulism are also reviewed.

Animals↗