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PubMedDate not supplied

Production of 134Cs thermo-generated aerosols. Study of their behavior after deposition on spruce trees.

This paper presents observations made on the behavior of radioactive cesium in laboratory conditions. 134Cs-loaded aerosols are generated from UO2 pellets in an electric oven and allowed to deposit on small spruce trees. The transfer of radioactivity to the plants has been studied. In another series of experiments, trees are submitted to artificial rain contaminated by the radioactive aerosols. The two modes of contamination are compared.

Accidents↗
PubMed1986

Transportation issues in nuclear medicine and the release of radioactivity into the environment.

Large volumes of radioactive materials are shipped daily over the nation's highways, by air, and by other transportation modes for a variety of purposes. These shipments include those intended for nuclear medicine applications. Shipments are governed by the Federal Department of Transportation, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and, for international shipments, the International Atomic Energy Agency. Knowledge of the regulations of these agencies is essential for maintenance of a viable radiation safety program. The use of radioactive materials is invariably accompanied by the potential for release of radioactivity into the environment. This potential is addressed in the recommendations and regulations of several voluntary and governmental agencies. Recently, new concepts have been introduced into these recommendations and regulations that use the concepts of "annual limit of intake," "committed effective dose equivalent," and "derived air concentrations." These concepts improve the applicability of present standards for the release of radioactive materials into the environment and for the protection of individuals from these materials.

Air Pollutants, Radioactive↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibodies to the thyroid microsomal antigen in children and adolescents subjected to radiation exposure as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

For evaluation of the possibility of the appearance of autoimmune thyroiditis in children and juveniles lived in the areas of Kaluga Province [correction of region] suffered from the Chernobyl accident the content of antibodies to human thyroid microsomal antigen was investigated. Percentage of positive sera varied from 4.8% to 1.2% during 6 years. There is significant difference in the frequency of the antibody appearance between persons suffered from radioactive iodine and unsuffered ones. Correlation between levels of antimicrosomal antibodies and radiation dose obtained from incorporated radioactive iodine was not estimated.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1993

Development of requirements for environmental specimen banking in ecological monitoring (exemplified by the Chernobyl NPP accident area).

Development of requirements for a data bank for natural media as a system of intercorrelated parameters to estimate system states are determined. The problems of functional agreement between experimental and calculation methods are analysed when organizing the ecological monitoring. The methods of forming the environmental specimen bank to estimate and forecast radioactive contamination and exposure dose are considered to be exemplified by the peculiarities of the spatial distribution of radioactive contamination in fields. Analysed is the temporal dynamics of contamination for atmospheric air, soil and water.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The phospholipid composition of the liver in root voles living under different radioecological conditions].

The effect of the increased natural radiation background (within some areas in Komi Republic) and man-caused radioactive contamination in the Chernobyl NPP accident zone on the composition of liver phospholipids in Microtus oeconomus inhabiting these areas was studied. The significant changes in the liver lipid composition in rodents inhabiting both the Chernobyl accident zone and the areas with the increased natural radiation background were found. The maximal changes in the liver phospholipid composition were revealed during the first year after the accident. The reverse dependence between the phosphatidyl choline/phosphatidyl ethanolamine ratio and the ratio between the sum of more readily oxidizable phospholipids and the sum of more poorly oxidizable ones was found. However, the slope of corresponding curves significantly depends on the radioactive state in the area of the population inhabitance. The conclusion about high sensitivity of the lipid composition of hepatocytes in Microtus oeconomus both to the impact of the man-caused radioactive contamination and the increased level of the natural radioactivity was drawn.

Air Pollution, Radioactive↗