American Samoa's school of practical nursing.
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Curriculum↗
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Results for “nursing practice”
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The vocational behavior of practical nursing students.
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Nursing, Practical↗
Predicting NCLEX-PN performance for practical nursing students.
Success on the licensure examination, NCLEX-PN, is a fundamental outcome criterion for practical nursing programs as well as a state requirement for professional practice. Nurse educators and administrators have an interest in identifying factors that predict success on the licensure examination. This study examined demographic, pre-admission, and programmatic variables to determine their predictive value for NCLEX-PN success in a statewide 2-year college system.
Adolescent↗
A model for professional rehabilitation nursing practice.
As partners in health care, clinical and administrative nurses must share in the work, risks, and rewards inherent in nursing practice while promoting high-quality results in a cost-conscious and cost-effective environment. One way to achieve these results is by developing a nontraditional rehabilitation structure and nursing practice model. This article discusses practical strategies for constructing and implementing such a model; it also identifies tangible outcomes of using the model. The healthcare environment in the 1990s demands a high level of involvement on the part of staff; the rehabilitation nursing model presented in this article meets this challenge.
Humans↗
Nurses' practice of breast cancer screening and early detection: results of a pilot survey.
Nursing has a professional responsibility to participate in cancer screening and early detection. Nurses represent the largest professional group in the health care workforce and are presently an underutilized potential resource for implementing breast cancer screening and early detection. Development of a reliable and valid instrument which could be used to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanisms designed to increase nursing's role in breast cancer screening and early detection is needed. The questionnaire tested in this pilot study represents an initial attempt at fulfilling this need. This questionnaire in its present form may be used to evaluate the results of intervention studies aimed at increasing nurses' practice of breast cancer screening and early detection. For example, the questionnaire could be used as an evaluation tool to examine the effectiveness of educational programs regarding breast cancer screening and early detection. It may also be used as an outcome measure to evaluate change in practice activities such as the effect on nursing practice of including questions on the nursing history and assessment form related to BSE, clinical breast exam and mammography. Results of nursing action in breast cancer screening and early detection could have a significant impact on the achievement of the NCI's year 2000 goal of a 30% reduction in breast cancer mortality.
Adult↗
Contribution of academia to nursing practice in Israel.
Academic education for nursing has made a major impact on the development of nursing science, on the quality of nursing practice, and on the image of nursing. This was possible because of the close cooperation between education and nurses working in the various health services. Examples from several countries illustrate the process and outcomes of such mutual collaboration.
Diffusion of Innovation↗
Diversified nursing practice in ambulatory care.
Expanding RN utilization in the ambulatory care setting provides numerous cost and patient care benefits during a time when health care costs are rising. Ambulatory care management personnel and physicians should analyze their present staffing and patient mix to determine if using a diversified nursing practice could benefit their practice. Nurses have been an integral part of the health care team since the 1800s. As the 21st Century quickly approaches, the role of the RN will be critical as ambulatory medicine attempts to improve patient satisfaction and patient access while continuing to provide quality care in a cost-effective manner.
Ambulatory Care↗
Knowledge content of advance practice nurse and physician experts: A cognitive evaluation of clinical practice guideline comprehension.
Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are intended to provide evidence based knowledge for decision making for patient care. However, these guidelines have been poorly adopted by healthcare providers. One reason for this may be the static paper-based formats, isolated from the point of care. Biomedical informatics has provided a solution to this limitation through Computer Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs). An essential component of this process is CPG translation to a computer interpretable model. From the guideline modeling literature, the translators of CPGs typically are physicians. It is not known if other healthcare providers (i.e., Advance Practice Nurses [APNs]) comprehend CPGs similarly. This descriptive study utilized novice and expert APN and physician participants (varied by level of expertise) in a CPG comprehension task. Demographic data, verbal protocols, and recall model drawings were obtained and analyzed by description, protocol analysis, discourse analysis, and content analysis. The findings of this study indicate similar comprehension by the expert APNs and physicians suggesting that either type of expert may be utilized for modeling CPGs.
Comprehension↗
Time management strategies in nursing practice.
BACKGROUND: With the increasing emphasis on efficiency and effectiveness in health care, how a nurse manages her time is an important consideration. Whilst time management is recognized as an important component of work performance and professional nursing practice, the reality of this process in nursing practice has been subject to scant empirical investigation. AIM: To explore how nurses organize and manage their time. METHODS: A qualitative study was carried out, incorporating narratives (22 nurses), focus groups (24 nurses) and semi-structured interviews (22 nurses). In my role as practitioner researcher I undertook observation and had informal conversations, which provided further data. Study sites were five health care organizations in the United Kingdom during 1995-1999. FINDINGS: Time management is complex, with nurses using a range of time management strategies and a repertoire of actions. Two of these strategies, namely routinization and prioritizing, are discussed, including their implications for understanding time management by nurses in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Ignoring the influence of 'others', the team and the organization perpetuates a rather individualistic and self-critical perspective of time management. This may lead to a failure to address problems in the organizing of work, and the co-ordinating of care involving other health care workers.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Scope of nursing practice and business relationships between nurses and physicians in California: Part 2.
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California↗
Developing a database for an International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP).
The International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) promises to provide a structure for the classification of nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes. Below, how the use of a database as a process in exploring classification of terms has provided a valuable tool for developing an ICNP.
Humans↗
Cost-effective nursing practice: cost-awareness and empowerment.
Cost-effective nursing practice is essential to succeed today as resources allocated to health care are declining. Realizing that any change poses a threat to our security, it is imperative that stakeholders be permitted to participate in decision-making processes affecting their work. An honest, open exchange of ideas towards cost-effective practices should be encouraged. Cost-effective behaviours are influenced significantly by negative attitudes with regard to loss of human resources, increased workload, and potential pay cuts. This article describes innovative strategies which could promote successful cost-effective nursing practice, including working smarter, not working harder. Topics addressed are attitude, awareness and empowerment.
Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
Cultural relativism and cultural diversity: implications for nursing practice.
This article examines the doctrine of cultural relativism in nursing practice. To introduce the issue, an overview of the intellectual history of cultural relativism is presented. The academic themes of the debate surrounding cultural relativism are illustrated with an example of the social controversy in France involving cultural relativism as used to defend the practice of female genital excision among immigrant communities. The dilemma faced by nursing in making cross-cultural judgments is then examined in the light of the academic and social debates. The article concludes with a theoretical resolution of the issue of cultural relativism for nursing practice that is based on hermeneutic philosophy.
Africa↗
Methodological issues in researching palliative care nursing practice.
The purpose of this integrative review was to describe the research conducted by nurses since the mid-1990s on nursing practice in the context of palliative/end-of-life care, identify promising methodological developments as well as methodological challenges, and propose strategies to support the development of this field of nursing research. A search of databases resulted in 121 research reports published between 1995 and 2003. Studies were included if the lead author was a nurse and the focus was nursing practice or nurses' attitudes about providing palliative or end-of-life care. Relatively few studies included patients, there were limitations in the data-collection methods used, and there was a lack of studies evaluating palliative care nursing. An emphasis on the interdisciplinary nature of palliative care may be hindering nurses from examining the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Increased attention should be given to examining the efficiency and effectiveness of nursing interventions to ensure the best outcomes for patients and their families.
Humans↗
Promoting reflection in mental health nursing practice: a case illustration using problem-based learning.
Reflective practice in nursing has been shown to improve both client care and nurses role satisfaction. Students require regular and guided opportunities to learn the necessary reflective skills that underpin best practice. Problem-based learning (PBL) processes based on comprehensive learning packages developed from actual clinical cases provide a contextualized and realistic means for students to develop and hone their reflective skills for use as mental health practitioners. This paper uses a case illustration to demonstrate the usefulness of PBL as a mechanism for developing reflective practice in the mental health context. Students analysed five cases drawn from actual documented clinical materials that included nursing, medical and allied health professionals' assessments, treatment regimes, and progress notes. One student's written analysis of the five cases and an interview with the student is presented as a case illustration. The case illustrates the student's reflections on the theme of 'hope' for the clients and identified three obstacles. These were: (i) a lack of acknowledgement by health professionals of traumatic life events; (ii) overlooking less tangible losses; and (iii) a central focus on drug treatment. Reflective learning strategies can be incorporated in on- and off-campus learning environments and used to assist the learner to practise critical reflective skills in a controlled and safe manner. Reflective processes are more meaningful if the PBL package that students encounter represents real clinical scenarios with comprehensive resource materials.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Moral reasoning and moral behavior among selected groups of practicing nurses.
This study examined the relationship between moral reasoning and moral behavior in 79 practicing nurses. Moral reasoning was measured by Rest's Defining Issues Test. Judgments about Nursing Decisions (JAND), developed by the investigator, was used to measure moral behavior. JAND is compromised of seven stories, each depicting a nurse in an ethical dilemma, with a total of 48 items. It measures two components of moral behavior: knowledge and valuation of ideal moral behavior and perception of realistic moral behavior. The hypothesis that moral reasoning would be positively related to knowledge and valuation of ideal moral behavior was tested by Pearson product moment correlation; the obtained coefficient of .28 was significant at the .01 level. The hypothesis that moral reasoning would be positively related to nurses' perception of realistic moral behavior was also tested by Pearson product moment correlation; the obtained coefficient of .19 was significant at the .05 level. Additional analyses showed significant differences in the knowledge and valuation component of JAND between educational groups, ethnic groups, age groups, and years of practice in nursing; but, there were no differences between these groups with respect to the perception of realist moral behavior component of JAND. Implications of the findings for nursing practice, education, and research are discussed.
Decision Making↗
Promoting physical activity in primary care settings: health visitors' and practice nurses' views and experiences.
AIM: This paper reports a study investigating health visitors' and practice nurses' attitudes, beliefs and practice associated with routinely advising patients about physical activity. BACKGROUND: There is worldwide concern about increasing rates of obesity and decreasing population levels of physical activity, and it has been argued that primary healthcare professionals are ideally placed to promote physical activity within local communities. In recent years, the public health role of primary care-based nurses in the United Kingdom has been considerably expanded to include playing a key role in improving the health of their local practice populations. A systematic literature search revealed that very few studies investigating nurses' views and experiences of this type work have been published. The limited amount of research that has been conducted is generally small-scale and primarily concerned with general medical practitioners' practice and attitudes, and not those of nurses. METHODS: A questionnaire survey (n = 630) and 20 in-depth interviews were conducted with health visitors and practice nurses in four health regions in Scotland between March and April 2004. The response rate was 63% overall. RESULTS: Ninety per cent (n = 149) of health visitors and 88% (n = 186) of practice nurses said that they were very likely or likely to recommend all apparently healthy adult patients to take moderate exercise. Health visitors were more likely to discuss psychological benefits than practice nurses. However, only 9% (n = 15) of practice nurses and 11% (n = 15) of health visitors correctly described the current recommendations - an accumulation of 30 minutes of moderate physical activity five times a week. Interview data suggested that most nurses gave physical activity advice based on their beliefs about the patient's willingness to change and their impressions of the patient's presenting condition, underlying physical condition and life circumstances. No measure of underlying physical fitness was used. There was a lack of agreement between the questionnaire and interview data associated with levels of physical activity advising. CONCLUSION: There were high levels of enthusiasm for physical activity promotion amongst health visitors and practice nurses. However, nursing leaders and opinion-makers should challenge practitioners' current beliefs and assumptions about physical activity promotion in the general population.
Adult↗
A framework for the introduction and evaluation of advanced practice nursing roles.
AIM: This paper describes a participatory, evidence-based, patient-focused process for advanced practice nursing (APN) role development, implementation, and evaluation (PEPPA framework). BACKGROUND: Despite the growing demand for advanced practice nurses, there are limited data to guide the successful implementation and optimal utilization of these roles. The participatory, evidence-based, patient-focused process, for guiding the development, implementation, and evaluation of advanced practice nursing (PEPPA) framework is an adaptation of two existing frameworks and is designed to overcome role implementation barriers through knowledge and understanding of APN roles and environments. The principles of participatory action research directed the construction of the new framework. CONCLUSIONS: The process for implementing and evaluating APN roles is as complex and dynamic as the roles themselves. The PEPPA framework is shaped by the underlying principles and values consistent with APN, namely, a focus on addressing patient health needs through the delivery of coordinated care and collaborative relationships among health care providers and systems. Engaging environmental stakeholders as participants in the process provides opportunity to identify the need and shared goals for a clearly defined APN role. The process promotes increased understanding of APN roles and optimal use of the broad range of APN knowledge, skills, and expertise in all role domains and scope of practice. The steps for planning and implementation are designed to create environments to support APN role development and long-term integration within health care systems. The goal-directed and outcome-based process also provides the basis for prospective ongoing evaluation and improvement of both the role and delivery of health care services.
Clinical Competence↗