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PubMedDate not supplied

[Charcot, Freud and the unconscious].

The aim of this work is to assess, on an historical and critical point of view, the new psychological perspective, introduced by Charcot (1825-1893), during the ten last years (1882-1892) of his life to explain hysteria symptomas. From clinical examples (hypnosis and hypnotherapy, "hystero-traumatism", "psychological theory of hysteria", "faith healing"), the paper shows how psychological dimension went back into the Parisian Hospital Medicine. This occurred on the late XIXth century, just one century after Mesmer, when Freud was Charcot's intern, at La Salpêtrière hospital, during years 1885-1886. The return of a non-rational thought into hospital medicine upset the organicist concepts of the Parisian "Ecole anatomo-clinique".

France↗
PubMed2005

Countertransference in the context of the fourth basic assumption in the unconscious life of groups.

The treatment of choice for traumatized and difficult patients is psychoanalysis or psychoanalytical therapy followed by intensive group analysis for an unlimited period of time. The group is able to help the analyst make therapeutic use of inevitable difficulties in countertransference processes. Also, traumatized and difficult patients are likely to create the basic assumption of Incohesion: Aggregation/Massification, and to personify the roles associated with it. These processes can be used in order to provide such patients with appropriate therapeutic attention involving both containment and holding, and interpretation. Extensive clinical data from psychoanalysis and group analysis are used to illustrate both this clinical approach and the author's theory of Incohesion.

Countertransference↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of the cognitive context in the conservatism of unconscious visual sets].

Rigidity of a verbal set was compared in three series of experiments: (1) pseudowords were presented at the set-forming stage and were changed for common words at the testing stage; (2) in the same conditions as in 1, an additional task of target localization in the matrix by two distinctive features was introduced; (3) in the additional target localization task, the spatial component was strengthened whereas image recognition component was reduced. The results confirmed our hypothesis about the context-dependence of the rigidity of the visual set. This characteristic substantially depends on a working memory loading and cognitive tasks performed by a subject, in particular, the relationship between the degrees of involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual systems into the cortical processing of sequential verbal and nonverbal visual stimuli. The experimental paradigm can serve as a model for the investigation of the roles of the ventral and dorsal visual systems in the recognition function.

Adult↗