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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The psychosocial characteristics of juvenile sexual offenders referred to an adolescent forensic service in the UK.

Criminal statistics indicate that a high percentage of sexual offences are committed by perpetrators under the age of 18 years. Descriptive data based on a retrospective case note study of 121 juvenile sexual offender referrals to an adolescent forensic unit are presented. The results suggest that adolescents commit an array of offences and present with generalized adjustment difficulties. Conduct disorder was the most common diagnosis, while rates of mental illness were lower than in earlier studies. Abused as opposed to non-abused offenders experienced more dysfunctional upbringings and demonstrated higher rates of personal disturbance. Theoretical and treatment implications are discussed in relation to the available literature on adolescent sexual offending.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A simple technique for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting evaluative data.

Best Liked/Least Liked (BL/LL) is a straightforward technique for collecting information used in evaluation. The technique is composed of stages (data collection, data analysis, and data interpretation) that are characterized by the ease with which they are accomplished. Further, the technique admits of flexibility in both range of applicability (some achievement testing and the measuring of effect) and scope of use (it can be narrowly focused or used to collect information on unintended outcomes). The technique is described here and examples are presented of its use both narrowly and broadly focused, and in service of both achievement testing and affective measurement.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retooling faculty orientation.

Are nursing faculty gradually becoming extinct? The answer is yes if we rely on National League for Nursing statistics indicating that 13 per cent of the nurses pursuing advanced education are directing their studies toward a teaching career and the United States Department of Health and Human Services Division of Nursing statistics indicating a total decline of 30 per cent in employed nurse educators during a 4-year period. New faculty are currently being recruited from the ranks of clinicians or from those with an administration specialization. The scarcity of faculty with adequate preparation to teach will affect quality education unless mechanisms to recruit, nurture, and retain qualified faculty are developed. This article addresses the use of a formalized orientation program to develop and socialize new faculty members into the academic setting in an expeditious manner. A general and specific orientation program was developed that began 6 weeks before employment and spanned one semester. Examples of the tools that were developed and used for orientation are included. Three new faculty have participated in the orientation process and have become valued team members. The results indicate that they benefited from a modular approach, which includes ongoing support meetings and the use of a mentor.

Career Mobility↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Confidence intervals for cost-effectiveness ratios: a comparison of four methods.

We evaluated four methods for computing confidence intervals for cost-effectiveness ratios developed from randomized controlled trials: the box method, the Taylor series method, the nonparametric bootstrap method and the Fieller theorem method. We performed a Monte Carlo experiment to compare these methods. We investigated the relative performance of each method and assessed whether or not it was affected by differing distributions of costs (normal and log normal) and effects (10% absolute difference in mortality resulting from mortality rates of 25% versus 15% in the two groups as well as from mortality rates of 55% versus 45%) or by differing levels of correlation between the costs and effects (correlations of -0.50, -0.25, 0.0, 0.25 and 0.50). The principal criterion used to evaluate the performance of the methods was the probability of miscoverage. Symmetrical miscoverage of the intervals was used as a secondary criterion for evaluating the four methods. Overall probabilities of miscoverage for the nonparametric bootstrap method and the Fieller theorem method were more accurate than those for the other the methods. The Taylor series method had confidence intervals that asymmetrically underestimated the upper limit of the interval. Confidence intervals for cost-effectiveness ratios resulting from the nonparametric bootstrap method and the Fieller theorem method were more dependably accurate than those estimated using the Taylor series or box methods. Routine reporting of these intervals will allow individuals using cost-effectiveness ratios to make clinical and policy judgments to better identify when an intervention is a good value for its cost.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1991

In search of service quality measures: some questions regarding psychometric properties.

Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the construct validity of SERVQUAL, an instrument intended to measure consumer-reported service quality. Results indicate the hypothesized conceptualization of service quality was not valid in a health care setting. It is suggested that additional measurement attention to consumer perceptions may provide further insight into subjective health care service quality evaluation. Implications of failing to consider the measurement properties of this and other constructs are discussed.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1992

Preference regression modeling of multiple option healthcare delivery systems.

A collection of statistical analysis procedures is applied to the task of estimating relative market shares among different healthcare plans under the offering of multiple options. The results are developed into an interactive spreadsheet for estimating market shares when consumer perceptions of plan features are modified through product redesign or communications strategies.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2000

Hospital outpatient and emergency services in rural Victoria.

Outpatient and emergency services in rural hospitals have rarely been studied. This paper analyses routinely collected data, together with data from a survey of hospitals, to provide a picture of these services in Victorian public hospitals. The larger rural hospitals provide the bulk of rural outpatients and emergency services, particularly so for medical outpatients. Cost per service varies with the size of the hospital, possibly reflecting differences in complexity. Funding policies for rural hospital outpatient and emergency services should be sufficiently flexible to take into account the differences between rural hospitals.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed2005

[Informatics in the Croatian health care system].

Informatization process of the Croatian health care system started relatively early. Computer processing of data of persons not covered by health insurance started in 1968 in Zagreb. Remetinec Health Center served as a model of computer data processing (CDP) in primary health care and Sveti Duh General Hospital in inpatient CDP, whereas hospital administration and health service were first introduced to Zagreb University Hospital Center and Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital. At Varazdin Medical Center CDP for health care services started in 1970. Several registries of chronic diseases have been established: cancer, psychosis, alcoholism, and hospital registries as well as pilot registries of lung tuberculosis patients and diabetics. Health statistics reports on healthcare services, work accidents and sick-leaves as well as on hospital mortality started to be produced by CDP in 1977. Besides alphanumeric data, the modern information technology (IT) can give digital images and signals. Communication in health care system demands a standardized format of all information, especially for telemedicine. In 2000, Technical Committee for Standardization in Medical Informatics was founded in Croatia, in order to monitor the activities of the International Standardization Organization (ISO) and Comite Européen de Normalisation (CEN), and to implement their international standards in the Croatian standardization procedure. The HL7 Croatia has also been founded to monitor developments in the communication standard HL7. So far, the Republic of Croatia has a number of acts regulating informatization in general and consequently the informatization of the health care system (Act on Personal Data Confidentiality, Act on Digital Signature, Act of Standardization) enacted. The ethical aspect of data security and data protection has been covered by the Code of Ethics for medical informaticians. It has been established by the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), and the Croatian Society of Medical Informatics (CSMI) has translated it into Croatian and published it on its website. Based on a survey of medical staff attitudes toward health care system informatization, the Croatian health system appears to be ready for informatization. The only requirement is that the present and future health care providers have appropriate medical informatics education, proper computer equipment at their workplace, and an opportunity to participate in the development and/or improvement of the health information system. One of the EU health strategy priorities is the improvement of health information and knowledge. It means that integrated health information systems are required, i.e. systems able to provide key information on health and health care system to the politicians, health professionals and public in general.

Croatia↗
PubMed1965

MEDICAL LIBRARY STATISTICS.

Four compilations of medical library statistics have been published to date, namely those by Louise Darling in 1956, by the Medical Library Association in its 1959 Directory, by Harold Bloomquist in 1962, and by the author in 1964. In addition to these sources and to the annual statistics compiled by the Library Services Branch of the U. S. Office of Education, surveys of pharmacy, hospital, and medical society libraries have been completed recently. Standards for medical and special libraries are being considered by the Medical Library Association through its Guidelines Survey and by the Special Libraries Association through its Statistics Coordinating Project and its Standards Survey. To coordinate the collection of medical library statistics and to make the information readily available to the profession, it is suggested that the Medical Library Association support the collection and publication of statistics of representative medical libraries until such time as the Library Services Branch is able to implement fully its program of library statistics.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1996

[Epidemiological surveillance of homicides and suicides. A report on the Cali workshop].

Underregistration of homicides and suicides is a problem that exists in most of the countries of the region, owing to the variety of ways these causes are coded and analyzed, insufficient funding for information management, and lack of trained personnel, of coordinated data collection, and of a non-centralized system for issuing reports. The health sector plays an important role in recording information about violent acts, but the information collected and evaluated by the health services is usually limited to the sex and age of the victim, the nature of the injuries, and, occasionally, the type of weapon or means of aggression. The morbidity and mortality statistics compiled by the services do not reflect the true magnitude of the epidemiologic problem of violence because of, among other reasons, underreporting in emergency rooms and outpatient clinics. In addition, victims--for example, those who experience violence within their families--often do not seek services at health institutions.

Accidents, Traffic↗