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Results for “Retinal Neoplasms”

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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Primary ocular Epstein-Barr virus-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with AIDS: a clinicopathologic report.

OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of chronic multifocal chorioretinitis with vitritis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that was resistant to antiviral and antitoxoplasmic medication and required a retinal biopsy for definitive diagnosis. METHODS: Vitreous biopsy, pars plana vitrectomy, and retinal biopsy were performed. The vitreous biopsy material was sent for bacterial, fungal, and viral culture, and the vitreous cassette was sent for cytology. The retinal biopsy material was divided and sent for polymerase chain reaction testing for toxoplasmosis and virology and pathologic tissue analysis. RESULTS: Vitreous cytology showed a mixed population of lymphocytes and histiocytes, but all other microbiologic and virologic studies were negative. Tissue analysis revealed an infiltrate of atypical mononuclear cells extending from the inner limiting membrane through the outer plexiform layer characteristic of a B cell, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the central nervous system (NHL-CNS). In situ hybridization for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was positive. An extensive systemic evaluation did not show evidence of extraocular tumor. CONCLUSION: Although rare, primary ocular NHL-CNS can be seen in patients with AIDS, and its clinical presentation often closely resembles other disorders. To our knowledge, this case represents the first ocular NHL in which EBV is shown to be associated.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Presumed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients with retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To review the characteristics, treatment, and outcome of presumed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) in patients with retinoblastoma. METHODS: Descriptive consecutive case series study from 1970 to 1996. RESULTS: Of 45 eyes with retinoblastoma that received various modalities of eye-sparing treatment and adequate follow-up, five developed presumed rhegmatogenous RD after treatment. All five eyes had previous treatment with external beam radiation, four of which also had been treated with cryotherapy. To minimize the potential spread of the malignancy intraoperatively, long disease-free intervals were ensured before scleral buckling surgeries were performed, and special care was taken during subretinal fluid drainage. The RDs were totally reattached in three eyes and partially reattached in the other two. CONCLUSION: Presumed rhegmatogenous RD may occur after external beam radiation or cryotherapy for retinoblastoma. It poses special challenges in management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Repair of late retinal detachment after successful treatment of retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To analyze the results of vitreous surgery for late retinal detachment (RD) after successful treatment of retinoblastoma. METHODS: The records of all patients with retinoblastoma seen at a single ocular oncology service between 1982 and 1998 were reviewed to identify patients treated for late RD. Previous treatments, characteristics of the RD, surgical techniques used, and visual and anatomic results of the surgery were recorded. RESULTS: Of more than 500 charts reviewed, four patients treated for late RD were identified. All four had received previous, whole-eye, external beam radiotherapy and subsequently required cataract surgery. Other previous treatments included radioactive plaque, cryotherapy, xenon photocoagulation, and chemotherapy. At presentation, some patients had shifting subretinal fluid. None had a tear identifiable preoperatively, but two patients had a definite small slit tear at a tumor edge identified at surgery. One patient had a primary scleral buckle that failed. All patients had vitreous surgery with silicone oil. Average postsurgical follow-up was 30 months. Preoperative visual acuity ranged from 20/80 to light perception and improved postoperatively in two patients. The retina remained completely attached in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: Despite shifting subretinal fluid and no identifiable tear, a rhegmatogenous RD should be considered if it occurs late in patients with otherwise stable, treated retinoblastoma. Tumor reactivation must be excluded carefully. Vitreous surgery can be used to repair the RD successfully and improve vision.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Histopathologic changes in retinoblastoma after chemoreduction.

PURPOSE: To report the histologic findings in the eyes of two patients with bilateral retinoblastoma who underwent chemoreduction therapy and enucleation of one eye. METHODS: Clinical histories were obtained for both patients. The enucleated eyes were routinely processed and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS: The first patient underwent two cycles of carboplatin, vincristine, and etoposide, and the second patient underwent one cycle of carboplatin, vincristine, and etoposide before enucleation. The eyes of both patients exhibited a clinical type 3 regression pattern. Histopathologic examination showed a gliotic mass with interspersed calcifications in one eye and necrotic tumor adjacent to histologically intact retinoblastoma in the other eye. CONCLUSION: Chemoreduction has variable effects on retinoblastoma and the clinical type 3 regression pattern has several histologic counterparts.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2002

Fluorescein angiographic findings in primary intraocular lymphoma.

PURPOSE: Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), also known as primary central nervous system lymphoma, is a rare yet blinding and fatal disease. Often presenting with ocular involvement, it can masquerade as posterior or intermediate uveitis, thus delaying diagnosis. A noninvasive ancillary test such as fluorescein angiography could be helpful in raising the level of suspicion in the diagnosis of this disease. METHODS: Results of fluorescein angiography (FA) and clinical characteristics of 17 patients (31 eyes) who presented to the National Eye Institute with the diagnosis of PIOL (confirmed by histopathologic analysis) were reviewed. RESULTS: The most common angiographic characteristics included disturbances at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), such as granularity (19 eyes [61%]), blockage (17 eyes [55%]), and late staining (14 eyes [45%]). These changes are well correlated to histopathologic findings of lymphoma cells located between the RPE and Bruchs membrane. Perivascular staining or leakage and cystoid macular edema were rare. Other less common findings included pigment epithelial detachments and punctate hyperfluorescent lesions. Clinical characteristics found in eyes for which results of FA were available included vitreitis (29 eyes [94%]), subretinal infiltrates (19 eyes [61%]), and anterior chamber cells (10 eyes [32%]). In some cases, clinical examination did not correlate with FA findings. CONCLUSIONS: Although PIOL may present with a normal angiographic phenotype, extensive RPE changes demonstrated by FA, combined with the absence of perivascular staining or leakage and macular edema, may be associated with and distinctive of PIOL.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of diagnostic fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in eyes with retinoblastoma (RB) as well as its indications and potential complications. METHODS: A retrospective study by survey was designed and a questionnaire inquiring on FNAB use in RB diagnosis during the past 15 years was submitted to 12 high-volume ocular oncology clinics. RESULTS: A total of 3,651 patients with RB have been diagnosed and treated in 12 clinics since 1985. During the same period, eight biopsies were obtained for diagnostic purposes and six of these proved to be RB by cytology; the other two showed inflammatory cells and benign retinal cells. The median age for the biopsied patients was 46 months; 6 of the biopsied children were older than 4 years of age. The average age at the time of biopsy was 46 months. Most of the cases were biopsied with clinical diagnosis of uveitis/endophthalmitis through the limbus and pars plana with 25- and 27-gauge needles. Five of six cases of RB had enucleation and one patient had cryotherapy and I-125 brachytherapy after FNAB. The average follow-up time for biopsy-proven RB cases was 10.8 years with no recurrent disease. CONCLUSION: The results of this survey suggest that FNAB indication for RB diagnosis is rare; the majority of cases can be diagnosed and treated by ocular oncologists without invasive procedures.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2003

von Hippel angioma in South Indian subjects--a clinical study.

PURPOSE: To assess the management strategies for retinal capillary hemangioma in von Hippel-Lindau disease. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, nonconsecutive case series of 12 patients. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients diagnosed with retinal capillary hemangioma from January 1996 to June 2002. Age at diagnosis, visual acuity, tumor pattern and location, associated clinical features, type of treatment, and visual and anatomical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: None of the patients had evidence of extraocular hemangiomas. The patients were observed for 2 to 24 months. Ten of 12 hemangiomas were endophytic. Subretinal exudation was present in all patients. Cryotherapy was the most common treatment option with successful anatomical (7 of 8 patients) and visual (5 of 8 patients) outcomes. Photocoagulation was successful in 1 of 2 patients. Two patients in the cryotherapy group and two in the photocoagulation group had complications, including macular scar, macular hole, epimacular membrane, and combined traction and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Two patients were lost to follow-up after cryotherapy. Seven of 10 patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 months had improved visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Endophytic peripheral retinal capillary hemangioma with subretinal exudation was the commonest presentation in this series. Although cryotherapy and photocoagulation regress the tumor, these treatment modalities are associated with complications that may require surgical intervention. Retinal detachments in this group of patients are amenable to surgical intervention.

Adolescent↗