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Results for “Reality Testing”

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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Pathological lying revisited.

Although pathological lying was first described in the medical literature over 100 years ago, it remains a poorly understood concept. Psychiatrists continue to grapple with the full ramifications of the condition, even though interest specifically in pathological lying seems to have waned in recent times. The impact of pathological lying deserves critical attention from forensic psychiatrists because of the implications that untruths have in a legal context. In this article, the authors review the considerable vagueness and confusion that has surrounded this concept and examine the extent to which a person can control lying behavior and the related question of whether pathological liars have responsibility for their actions. While providing a structured framework for considering pathological lying in the forensic context, the authors conclude that further systematic research is needed to resolve the questions raised in this article.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Debit and credit. Menopause between illusion and reality].

Middle-aged women in patriarchial societies are still widely considered as deficient and damaged and therefore can easily become objects of medical attention. The authors seek the reasons for this in fact that the different changes of male and female potency in the 45 to 55 age-group provoke defense mechanisms. These are meant to ensure the intactness of the male--who then is supposedly in his 'best age'--for the sake of both men and women. Apart from this, psychoanalytical theories--like the one of the "depressive position", held by Melanie Klein--confirm the prejudice that a woman going through the change of life is damaged, and thus has to mourn the "desease" of menopause.

Climacteric↗
PubMed2005

Event-related potentials indicate that reality monitoring differs from external source monitoring.

This experiment investigated differences in event-related potentials (ERPs) observed in 2 types of source monitoring decisions. Participants discriminated between self-generated, heard, and new words (reality monitoring) in one condition; in another they discriminated between words heard in a male or female voice and new items (external source monitoring). The data support the source monitoring framework, which argues that reality monitoring discriminations differ from external source monitoring discriminations. Analysis revealed better overall source accuracy during reality monitoring than during external source monitoring. In the external source monitoring task, an early old-new ERP difference was observed at parietal electrodes followed by frontal old-new effect that persisted longer, replicating previous ERP results. However, early ERP amplitude differences between sources were observed at parietal electrode sites during reality monitoring, suggesting that self-generated items activate more differentiated information during remembering. Furthermore, there were no frontal old-new ERP differences during reality monitoring, suggesting that different decision processes are used in these types of source monitoring decisions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Interfaces between anthropology and the disciplines of the health area: a search for new conceptual approaches].

In studying how societies consider and deal with the human body both as a symbolic as well as a biological entity, anthropology situates itself at the nexus of two axes. These occupy a central epistemological space in the discipline and consist of: the analysis of social facts, ranging from their manifestations in the lives of individuals, to those manifested in the collective life of groups; and the observation of reality, ranging from its material to its immaterial or ideal aspects. This singular position enriches the anthropology of health and opens up theoretical and methodological perspectives that go beyond those of medical anthropology and the anthropology of illness in their restricted focus upon the social parameters of biological disorders, the causes of suffering, and misfortune. This paper attempts to reflect upon examples which encompass the above two axes showing how the anthropology of health can improve our understanding.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

"My new Alfa Romeo GT is not in the garage any more": Cognitive behavioural therapy of panic disorder with agoraphobia co morbid with psychosis.

This paper describes a case of co-morbid panic disorder and psychosis with a focus on the successful treatment of the panic disorder via a CBT approach. The patient has had only one episode of psychosis. The cognitive model of panic disorder is used as a template to consider this young man's psychotic experiences, in the context of some types of delusional beliefs, especially those involving the catastrophic and atypical misinterpretation of the physiological sensations associated with anxiety. This case emphasises the therapeutic value for certain patients of focussing therapy on the non-psychotic symptoms once the acute psychotic state has been managed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Virtually real.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Afterimage↗
PubMed1991

[Familial reality construction. On dealing with intrafamilial realization processes in psychodiagnostic and psychotherapeutic contexts].

Psychodynamic processes are connected to relationship-psychological and family dynamic phenomena in varied ways. Especially the processes of forming judgments and coming to realizations in the family influence the individual psychodynamics greatly. In these processes characteristics, purposes, roles and pathologies are ascribed to the individual family member. In this article these processes will be clearly shown with casuistic material. After this the author will clarify the theoretical relationship between the various levels of description which are the result of examining intrapsychic and family dynamic questions.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Aspects of the analytic relationship.

In this article the analysand-analyst relationship is investigated from the classical and from the post-classical point of view. This leads to the distinction of four fundamental aspects of the analytic relationship: the realistic relationship, the working relationship, the transference relationship, and the primary relationship. Similarities and differences between these various aspects of the analytic relationship are discussed. Examples of confusion about the aspects are given. Disagreement about the issue is mentioned. Emphasis is laid on one of the four aspects: the primary relationship. Its importance in ordinary psychoanalysis has not received the attention it deserves.

Countertransference↗