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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

A teaching scholars program to develop leaders in medical education.

The authors describe a year-long faculty development initiative to develop leaders in medical education. The Teaching Scholars Program for Educators in the Health Sciences at McGill University enables faculty to improve their educational knowledge and skills while maintaining their clinical, teaching, and research responsibilities. The program, tailored to the participant's individual needs, consists of five main components: two university courses; independent study; participation in faculty-wide faculty development workshops and medical education rounds; a monthly seminar; and attendance at a national or international conference or course. Since its inception in 1997, 22 faculty members have completed the program; four are currently participating in it. This report discusses the experience of 15 scholars who completed the program by September 2000. Evaluations indicate that the scholars achieved most of their stated objectives. The university courses provided a foundation in educational principles and methodology; independent study allowed them to work on educational projects relevant to their disciplines; and the monthly seminars, faculty development workshops, and outside courses offered opportunities for skill acquisition and reflection. Participants also appreciated the opportunity to meet others interested in medical education and to become aware of available educational resources. A year after completing the program, many had joined new educational committees, taken on new leadership roles in medical education, and developed new courses for students and residents. Some of their projects had been presented at national meetings and were being prepared for publication. Two scholars had pursued further study at a master's level. Despite the ongoing challenge of protecting time for educational pursuits, this program has been beneficial in helping to develop educational leaders in the Faculty of Medicine.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2006

When training is insufficient: reflections on capacity development in health promotion in Peru.

The international development community has lately recognized the programatic importance of capacity development. Despite growing attention, a consensus is still lacking on appropriate strategies and interventions to strengthen local capacity for development programs. The CHANGE Project designed and implemented a program to contribute to capacity development in health promotion in Peru between 2002 and 2005. This article discusses key lessons learned in the program. Successful capacity development requires the strengthening of institutional networks. Training activities alone are insufficient. Educational opportunities need to be integrated into strategies that aim to institutionalize competencies in specific work contexts and promote the inter-institutional linkages. The experience suggests that capacity development programs need to start by assessing challenges to make competencies effective in job performance. Projects should neither be donor-driven nor depend on individuals. Instead, they should focus on institution building, find creative ways to promote long-term sustainability of capacity development, and require long-term commitment to promote ownership and sustainability. What is needed is an approach that maximizes the impact of programs through collaboration among institutions committed to supporting and absorbing capacity, and to having mechanisms to monitor and change job performance according to the needs of staff, supervisors and other stakeholders.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doe's quality system program: cooperative development and implementation.

Implementation of a Quality Systems approach to making defensible environmental program decisions depends upon multiple, interrelated components. Often, these components are developed independently and implemented at various facility and program levels in an attempt to achieve consistency and cost savings. The U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) focuses on three primary system components to achieve effective environmental data collection and use. (1) Quality System guidance, which establishes the management framework to plan, implement, and assess work performed; (2) A Standardized Statement of Work for analytical services, which defines data generation and reporting requirements consistent with user needs; and (3) A laboratory assessment program to evaluate adherence of work performed to defined needs, e.g., documentation and confidence. This paper describes how DOE-EM fulfills these requirements and realizes cost-savings through participation in interagency working groups and integration of system elements as they evolve.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A competency achievement orientation program. Professional development of the home health nurse.

One of the vital components to the assurance of quality nursing care is a comprehensive orientation program. The concept of a competency achievement program facilitates the development of independent practice and judgment skills on the part of today's home healthcare nurse. The authors discuss one agency's program to meet the needs of newly employed registered nurses.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed2004

Strategies for avoiding reinventing the precollege education and outreach wheel.

The National Science Foundation's recent mandate that all Principal Investigators address the broader impacts of their research has prompted an unprecedented number of scientists to seek opportunities to participate in precollege education and outreach. To help interested geneticists avoid duplicating efforts and make use of existing resources, we examined several precollege genetics, genomics, and biotechnology education efforts and noted the elements that contributed to their success, indicated by program expansion, participant satisfaction, or participant learning. Identifying a specific audience and their needs and resources, involving K-12 teachers in program development, and evaluating program efforts are integral to program success. We highlighted a few innovative programs to illustrate these findings. Challenges that may compromise further development and dissemination of these programs include absence of reward systems for participation in outreach as well as lack of training for scientists doing outreach. Several programs and institutions are tackling these issues in ways that will help sustain outreach efforts while allowing them to be modified to meet the changing needs of their participants, including scientists, teachers, and students. Most importantly, resources and personnel are available to facilitate greater and deeper involvement of scientists in precollege and public education.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed1987

Development of phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth in non-institutionalized epileptic children subjected to different plaque control programs.

The periodontal condition was studied in phenytoin (PHT)-treated non-institutionalized epileptic children (n = 59) subjected to different preventive programs. One group followed an intensive preventive program during a 2-year period initiated before the start of PHT medication. The second group was given a moderate preventive program initiated after various periods of PHT medication. Patients not subjected to any additional preventive program during their PHT medication were used as controls. None of the individuals following the intensive preventive program developed pseudopockets. About 46% of the children in the moderate preventive group and 40% of the individuals not subjected to any preventive program developed pseudopockets. The amount of time the children were without plaque control was significantly and positively correlated to the development of gingival overgrowth. To minimize this occurrence, PHT-treated children should be subjected to a preventive program initiated before the start of PHT medication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The Institutional Program for Health and Environment in the development process of the Oswaldo Cruz foundation].

The objective of this paper is to show the development program about health and environment in an institution of academic research and teaching, technological development and services. We analyse data from the register of projects in health and environment in the development process as the thematic axis for this program. We show the sectors which the projects are related, the key words of research and teaching, the construction of thematic axis that should guide and the different approach of interdisciplinary. At the end we show the challenges and perspectives for an interdisciplinar work about health and environment in an academic research and teaching institution.

Brazil↗
PubMed2005

Positive youth development linked with prevention in a Vietnamese American community: successes, challenges, and lessons learned.

PURPOSE: To describe a positive youth development program that was successfully designed and implemented in partnership with a Vietnamese American community and to provide insight into the types of outcomes that can result from such programs in similar communities. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with Vietnamese community leaders (n = 8) and youth (n = 10) who were involved in a positive youth development program in Oklahoma City. Interviews were tape recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded by two independent analysts. Data matrices were used to help identify major themes. RESULTS: Participants felt they had strengthened numerous assets as a result of involvement in the youth development program, including communication with parents or another adult, leadership skills, constructive use of free time, and positive peer influences. Some of the participants also reported establishment of a relationship with a nonparent adult, inclusion of community service in their aspirations for the future, and avoidance of high-risk behaviors owing to their involvement in the program. Both adults and youth felt that the Vietnamese community had changed its perception of youth as a result of increased involvement of young people in community service and cultural activities. CONCLUSION: Positive youth development is a promising prevention strategy that can be adapted to Vietnamese communities in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Long-term reductions in mortality among children under age 5 in rural Haiti: effects of a comprehensive health system in an impoverished setting.

OBJECTIVES: Evidence regarding the long-term impact of health and other community development programs on under-5 mortality (the risk of death from birth until the fifth birthday) is limited. We compared mortality in a population served by health and other community development programs at the Hôpital Albert Schweitzer (HAS) with national mortality rates among children younger than 5 years for Haiti between 1958 and 1999. METHODS: We collected information on births and deaths in the HAS service area between 1995 and 1999 and assembled previously published under-5 mortality rates at HAS. Published national rates for Haiti served as a comparison. RESULTS: In the early 1970s, the under-5 mortality rate at HAS declined to a level three fourths lower than that in Haiti nationwide. More recently, HAS rates have remained at one half those for Haiti nationwide. Child survival interventions in the HAS service area were substantially higher than in Haiti nationwide although socioeconomic characteristics and levels of childhood malnutrition were similar in both areas. CONCLUSIONS: HAS's programs have been responsible for long-term sustained reduction in mortality among children aged less than 5 years. Integrated systems for health and other community development programs could be an effective strategy for achieving the United Nations Millennium Goal to reduce under-5 mortality two thirds by 2015.

Benchmarking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Professional development needs of registered nurses practicing at a military community hospital.

BACKGROUND: Focus groups were used to determine what factors need to be considered when designing a professional development program for RNs practicing at a military community hospital. METHOD: Six focus groups were formed with RNs from multiple directorates and settings within various specialties. FINDINGS: Five thematic groupings were identified: 1) specific professional development needs for leadership, clinical/specialty practice, competence development, and maintenance, 2) methods for providing continuing education, 3) methods for evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of continuing education, 4) barriers to professional development, and 5) professional development issues impacting retention of military nurses. CONCLUSION: The professional development needs of RNs practicing in military hospitals are complex and multifaceted. The thematic groupings identified guided the design of a professional development program for RNs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

Transgenerational health promotion.

The Adult Health and Development Program (AHDP) is an intergenerational, interdisciplinary health promotion and rehabilitation program in which nursing and other college students are paired with older adults to engage in activities to improve their health and well-being. The purpose of this article is to describe resources and strategies used to implement a new program. The University of Delaware's program uses the ACAEM Paradigm developed by the AHDP at the University of Maryland where the program has existed for 27 years. However, the University of Delaware emphasizes the concepts of transition as described by Schumacher and Meleis and adult learning theory. Older adults are often the most open to education and other forms of support when they need help in making a change or transition in their lives. Schumacher and Meleis contend that transitions are a central concept in nursing and propose a model of transition in which education is the primary modality for preparing for transitions. The model also specifies ways to measure desirable transition outcomes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Grants management skills keep funded projects on target.

An often neglected but equally relevant aspect of program development and nursing research is the management of funded projects from the time an idea is generated to the final submission of project report. When effective grants management skills are used to oversee the development of a program proposal and the oversight of the funded project, the likelihood for successful outcome is increased. In this article several steps have been described in the grants management process that can be used to assure that projects are developed and proceed according to plan.

Budgets↗
PubMed2002

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme: a program for holistic development of children in India.

The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is the largest program for promotion of maternal and child health and nutrition not only in India but in the whole world. The scheme was launched in 1975 in pursuance of the National Policy for Children. The scheme has expanded in the last twenty-seven years form 33 projects to 5171 blocks. ICDS is a multi-sectoral program and involves several government departments. The program services are coordinated at the village, block, district, state and central government levels. The primary responsibility for the implementation of the program lies with the Department of Women & Child Development at the Centre and nodal department at the states, which may be Social Welfare, Rural Development, Tribal Welfare or Health Department or an independent Department. The beneficiaries are children below 6 years, pregnant and lactating women and women in the age group of 15 to 44 yrs. The beneficiaries of ICDS are to a large extent identical with those under the Maternal and Child Health Program. The program provides an integrated approach for converging all the basic services for improved childcare, early stimulation and learning, health and nutrition, water and environmental sanitation aimed at the young children, expectant and lactating mothers, other women and adolescent girls in a community. ICDS program is the reflection of the Government of India to effectively improve the nutrition and health status of underprivileged section of the population through direct intervention mechanism. The program covers 27.6 million beneficiaries with supplementary nutrition. The program services and beneficiaries has essentially remained the same since 1975. Recently a review of the scheme was held, sponsored by Government of India, which suggested modifications in the health and nutrition component of ICDS scheme to improve the program implementation and efficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determining nursing faculty development needs.

Although faculty members often come to a university school of nursing with little or no experience in teaching, research, or other forms of scholarship, few schools of nursing have a comprehensive, formalized faculty development program. In considering the need to find and retain the best faculty in this competitive market, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing appointed a task force to develop a formal faculty development program for the School. After reviewing the literature and contacting 24 schools of nursing, the task force concluded that most do not offer a systematic approach to faculty development. The task force developed and distributed a needs assessment and received responses from 53% of the faculty. Based on the needs assessment the task force made eight recommendations to the faculty for an ongoing, comprehensive faculty development program.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Empowering individuals with early dementia and their carers: an exploratory study in the Chinese context.

This article discusses an early dementia program developed for sufferers and family carers in a Chinese context. Instead of replicating formats of similar programs developed in Western countries, this program considered cultural issues and caring values that are unique to Chinese people. Its main objective was to empower sufferers and carers through educational activities and support programs. Observations and interviews were used for program evaluation. The program creates a "win-win" situation in which both parties experienced pleasurable feelings and developed a close relationship. It also highlights the values of "meaningful occupation" in dementia care. Furthermore, the program broadens our understanding of needs and concerns of sufferers and carers at early stages, which are deemed important to develop continuous dementia programs along the disease course.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Initial results from the European Network of Health Promoting Schools program on development of health education in Finland.

The European Network of Health Promoting School (ENHPS) program aims to foster healthy lifestyles for school populations by developing supportive teaching and learning environments conducive to promotion of health. Most European countries have joined the network since its organization in 1993. This paper describes how the European, national, and local aims of the ENHPS program have been realized in Finnish schools during the first year of the second triennium (1997-1999). Substantial development related to health promotion has occurred in the Finnish ENHPS schools. A safe school environment was emphasized, and networking with other schools was encouraged at the international and national levels. Attitudes toward the ENHPS program generally were positive. However, Finnish schools have emphasized developing "structures" for health promotion. In the future, efforts should concentrate on students' active participation in the activities of health promotion in everyday teaching and learning situations.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Bringing faculty development to community-based preceptors.

Community-based education of health profession students has increased dramatically, yet providing faculty development to a large, dispersed, and diverse population of community-based faculty is challenging. The authors describe lessons learned from 1997 to 2000 in developing, using, and disseminating a collection of preceptor development materials designed to be relevant to community-based faculty and easy to use. These activities were carried out by the Preceptor Development Program, which was developed by the Mountain Area Health Education Center of Asheville, North Carolina, which works with over 500 community preceptors of health profession students and medical residents. The program includes materials on nine core faculty development topics in a variety of formats: seminars, monographs, Web modules, and one-page summary "thumbnails." Faculty developers can download these free, customizable materials from the Web and are encouraged to adapt them for their own use.

Curriculum↗