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Results for “POLYVINYLS”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical and in vitro toxicological evaluations of water packaged in polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate bottles.

This study proposed a new strategy assessing the health risks of mineral water packaging and compared the chemical analytical techniques and some in vitro cytotoxicological assays for the study of PVC and PET materials at the main stages of the manufacturing process of bottles. These evaluations were carried out with food simulant (deionized-endotoxin-tested water) and with natural mineral water in real conditions of packaging and storage (from 0 to 24 months). The complementarity of these two approaches is discussed. Some analytical and cytotoxic abnormalities were detected in the food simulant after contact with the batches of powdered PVC compound, PET resin and their intermediate steps of transformation (PVC-'paraison', PET-'perform'). But these results did not reflect the actual behaviour of the finished PVC and PET bottles, for which no major abnormality was detected in the natural mineral water.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Investigation and analysis of ferrous sulfate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel dosimeter.

Ferrous sulfate (Fe(SO4)2) PVA gels were investigated for a range of absorbed doses up to 20 Gy using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectrophotometry to determine R1 and optical density (OD) dose responses and G values. It was found that R1- and OD-dose sensitivities increased with O2 saturation or by the introduction of a freeze-thaw cycle during preparation of the PVA gel. The storage temperature of the Fe(SO4)2 PVA gel at -18 degrees C increased R1-dose sensitivity above that of gels stored at 5 degrees C. The addition of sucrose to the formulation was found to result in the largest increase in both R1- and OD-dose sensitivities. Fe(SO4)2 PVA gel with and without the addition of xylenol orange was demonstrated to have a G value of approximately 20 ions/100 eV and with sucrose approximately 24 ions/100 eV.

Calibration↗
PubMed1998

Milk leakage in nonlactating women: a randomized clinical trial evaluating a polyvinyl chloride device versus disposable breast pads.

A randomized clinical trial was carried out to evaluate the safety and helpfulness of the LactaPrev System (LPS) compared with disposable pads for milk leakage management for postpartum, nonlactating women (those who do not breastfeed). Fifty-five women completed the single-blind, randomized trial. Participants wore each device on each breast concurrently. Assignment of the LPS or pad to each breast was done randomly. Fifty-eight percent of participants preferred the LPS. The longer the participation in the study, which correlated with the duration of milk leakage, the greater the preference (p = 0.05). Preference was related to bra size (p = 0.05). The smaller the bra size, the greater the preference for the LPS. There was no greater incidence of complications from the LPS compared with the disposable breast pad.

Adolescent↗