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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Experimental study on distraction osteogenesis for reconstruction of maxillary defects with replacement of transplant disk in goats].

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to set up a new method for reconstruction of maxillary defect with distraction osteogenesis through an animal experiment. METHODS: 11 adult goats were randomly divided into 2 groups (9 in the experimental group and 2 in the control group) in this study. 3 subgroups were set up in the experimental group based on the consolidation period. Other 2 goats were chosen as the control group. Maxillary defect was made firstly through partial maxillectomy for the experimental group. Length of the defects was from 12 to 14mm with an average of 12.7mm. A transport disc was then made through anterior Le Fort I osteotomy and it would be shifted backward for the closure of the defect. Only maxillary defect was made for the control group. Distraction was activated after a latency of 7 days at a rate of 0.4mm twice a day for 15-18 days. RESULTS: Bone defects in the maxilla were well repaired when the transport disc was distracted back to its original position. Radiology and histology demonstrated good new bone formation in the distraction gap. CONCLUSIONS: Transport distraction osteogenesis would be a reasonable method for reconstruction of maxillary defect.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Study of the expression of integrin alphaV beta3 in mandibular distraction osteogenesis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and distribution pattern of Integrin alphaV beta3 (ItgalphaV beta3) in course of distraction 44 adults New Zealand white osteogenesis and to quest for the function of ItgalphaV beta3 in distraction osteogenesis (DO). METHODS: rabbits were selected and divided randomly into 3 groups: DO, bone fracture and normal group. There were 20, 20 and 4 rabbits in each group separately. Animal models were established and animals were killed at different time points. Sections were stained by IHC method. Distribution and expression pattern of ItgalphaV beta3 were observed by semi-quantitative technique, and the results were managed with statistic methods. RESULTS: The expression of ItgalphaV beta3 was found both in the DO and bone fracture groups. The positive staining was seen mainly in vascular endothelial cells on cytomembrane and in cytoplasm. The staining intensity of group of DO was higher than that of the bone fracture group. CONCLUSION: ItgalphaV beta3 plays an important role in promoting the process of DO.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effects of parathyroid hormone on newly regenerated bone during distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit tibial lengthening model. A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: The overall purpose of the study is to determine the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) on bone formation in regenerated and surrounding bone of distracted callus during limb lengthening in rabbits. Additionally the aim of the pilot study is to titrate the optimal dose of PTH for distraction osteogenesis treatment in rabbits' tibial lengthening model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 18 rabbits underwent right tibia lengthening by callus distraction. Lengthening was started 5 days postoperatively 1 mm/day for a 10-day period and consolidation of 20 days followed. Rabbits were divided into three groups: group I received PTH (1-34) treatment at a dose of 5 microg/kg/day, group II received treatment with PTH (1-34) at a dose of 25 microg/kg/day; group III rabbits were treated with saline. After euthanasia, tibiae of both legs were dissected free, kept frozen and underwent x-ray analysis, dual x-ray absorptiometry-scanning, microcomputed tomography scanning and three-dimensional evaluation and mechanical test followed. RESULTS: Over all, during distraction osteogenesis in a new regenerated bone, PTH (1-34) treatment with two different doses of 5 microg/kg/day and 25 microg/kg/day increased callus cross-sectional area, callus bone mineral density and bone mineral content, bone volume density; dramatically increased trabecular number with slight increase in trabecular thickness, whereas decreased trabecular separation, bone surface density and decreased degree of anisotropy when compared to control group animals. CONCLUSION: PTH (1-34) treatment improved mineralization, structural indices of regenerated distracted rabbits' tibiae, whereas treatment at a dose of 25 microg/kg/day PTH (1-34) was significantly more effective than 5 microg/kg/day PTH(1-34) dose treatment when compared to control group. Bigger dose has been chosen for the main study.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

A new method for vector control during alveolar distraction osteogenesis: a case report.

We report a case of dentoalveolar rehabilitation employing the technique of alveolar distraction osteogenesis in a 25-year-old male patient with a right posterior mandibular defect that was a result of previous tooth extractions and consequent severe loss of alveolar bone. A new method for vector control during alveolar distraction osteogenesis was used. This method consisted of placing an orthodontic wire on an immediately loaded implant (in the right third molar position) and securing it by means of resin composite to the implant and the adjacent tooth. Implant positioning and soft tissue management were performed successfully. The described treatment strategy appears to have good potential for providing an ideal final position of the regenerated bone in cases where major tissue defects exist in the posterior mandible.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A new mutation in COL1A1 gene in a family with osteogenesis imperfecta].

OBJECTIVE: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a congenital disease of connective tissue of increased bone fragility and low bone mass, most often caused by single amino acid substitution of glycine residues in the collagen, type I, alpha 1 protein (COL1A1) gene or the collagen, type I, alpha 2 protein (COL1A2) gene, encoding type I procollagen chains. We describe here the clinical, biochemical, and molecular characterization of a family with type I OI in China and would like to explore whether the biochemical characterization of OI in China is different from that in other countries. METHODS: Through clinical research, we study the clinical characteristic of the OI household. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of the proband and his family members by saturation hydroxybenzene-chloroform methods; amplification of target COL1A1 gene by Polymerase chain reaction with 23 pairs of different primers; purification; direct sequencing of the Polymerase chain reaction product. According to the mutation site, we took restriction enzyme analysis to 50 normal control people. RESULTS: We found a G and A heterozygosis mutation at the exon 48 causing an a1 (I) p. G1157D substitution in the proband and his sister who is also a sufferer of OI. At the same time, other normal people in the family and other normal control people do not have this change. CONCLUSION: This is the first delineation of an aspartic acid substitution in new site of the a1 (I) chain causing nonlethal osteogenesis imperfecta. Only nine aspartic acid substitution in type I collagen has been fully reported in the world. Now we revealed a new nosogenesis of OI. Since only few of nucleotide changes in type I collagen glycine codons would result in an aspartic acid substitution, these are predicted to be infrequent. Furthermore, it is possible to suggest that nosogenesis of OI in china is different from other countries.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Bone plating in patients with type III osteogenesis imperfecta: results and complications.

The results of bone plating in four children (6 femurs, 2 tibias) with osteogenesis imperfecta type III were analyzed. Average age at time of operation was 44 months. In three of the femurs, multiple platings were performed for a total of 13 bone platings in the eight bones studied. Average time to revision following plating was 27 months. Indications for revision included fracture (6), deformity (3), hardware failure (3), and nonunion (1). Other complications included one case of compartment syndrome. All eight bones were ultimately revised to elongating intramedullary Bailey-Dubow rods. Bone plating in skeletally immature patients with osteogenesis imperfecta does not provide better outcome than elongating rods. Complications from bone plating leading to revision, such as refracture or hardware failure, are higher than in those children managed with elongating rods, as previously reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Repeated distraction osteogenesis for excessive vertical alveolar augmentation: a case report.

In this article, a procedure involving 2-stage alveolar distraction osteogenesis using eccentric distraction devices for the augmentation of resorbed transplanted iliac bone following mandibular tumor resection is presented. A 6-month consolidation period was allowed between the first and second distractions, and endosseous implants were placed 4 months after the second distraction. Computerized tomographic images obtained before the implantation revealed that, 10 months after the first distraction, the bone generated still showed lower density compared with the basal bone, but the bone from both distractions showed enough maturity for implantation. It may be concluded that 2-stage alveolar distraction osteogenesis can be a useful and safe procedure for excessive alveolar lengthening if a sufficiently long consolidation period is allowed.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Vertical distraction osteogenesis of the extremely resorbed edentulous mandible. A retrospective description of 16 patients].

This study's objective is to assess long-term results of vertical distraction osteogenesis for the extremely resorbed edentulous mandible by clinically measuring and taking x-rays from the beginning of the treatment of 16 subsequent patients to its final moment in the follow up period (ranging from 2-62 months). Bone height, nerve sensitivity, complications and loss of implant were registered. Average bone resorption after 3 years was 11.2%. Out of 16 patients 5 experienced sensory nerve disturbance; 3 suffered complications. The implant success rate was 89.2%. Distraction osteogenesis appears to be a reliable technique, with which stable bone tissue is developed. Risk of sensory nerve disturbance and complications however, must be taken into consideration.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Segmental reconstruction of maxillary defects by arced distraction osteogenesis of zygoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of segmental maxillary regeneration by arced distraction osteogenesis of zygoma. METHODS: The distraction of zygoma with the internal arced devices was performed in 2 dogs to simulate the reconstruction of maxillary defect. The zygoma was distracted about 12 mm, and the process of new bone formation was studied by histology and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The transport disk was distracted about 12 mm around the arc. After 8 weeks of consolidation, the density of new bone was close to that of normal bone. CONCLUSIONS: The segmental maxillary regeneration by arced distraction osteogenesis of zygoma is possible.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A model for evaluating the strength of bones lengthened by distraction osteogenesis.

In an effort to evaluate the strength of bones lengthened by distraction osteogenesis, a modified Ilizarov-type external fixator was applied to the right tibiae of five adult mongrel dogs. Diaphyseal corticotomies were performed, and distraction (lengthening) was carried out at a rate of approximately 1 mm per day for 20 days. After completion of the lengthening, the animals were killed, the fixators were removed, and the right and left tibiae were harvested and stripped of soft tissue. The ends of all harvested bones were fixated in polymethylmethacrylate to allow testing on a materials testing system (MTS) machine. Testing under torsional loads was performed on the MTS machine (50 degrees maximum angle of rotation at ten seconds) until failure. The right tibiae were lengthened an average of 12 mm (range, 7-15 mm). The slopes of the linear portion of the torque versus rotation curves were determined. A comparison of slopes revealed a mean change in stiffness between test and control bones of 20.32% (range, 0.64%-40.5%). All tibiae exhibiting mature regenerate bone demonstrated stiffness greater than the matched controls (range, 0.64-24.09% stiffer). Four of five dogs had problems with proximal and distal ring impingement. This study presents a reproducible model for evaluating the strength of bones lengthened by distraction osteogenesis. The lengthened bones that exhibited bony or mature regeneration were as strong as the control bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical analysis of otic capsule osteogenesis in the Palmerston North autoimmune mouse.

Autoimmunity and the immune complex disease associated with it have been hypothesized to be the cause of several idiopathic diseases of the inner ear--including the new bone formation associated with otic capsule osteogenesis and otosclerosis. The Palmerston North (PN) autoimmune mouse strain, which exhibits both spontaneous systemic autoimmune disease and otic capsule bone formation, has been proposed as a model relating these two disease processes. To investigate the potential role of immunopathologic processes in PN otic capsule lesion formation, inner ears from PN mice were immunostained for the presence of IgG and complement (C3), two immunologic markers involved in the development of the vascular and perivascular changes associated with immune complex deposition. Both systemic autoimmune disease and otic capsule bony lesions were confirmed in all animals. However, immunohistochemical analyses did not establish a direct relationship between the two conditions as complement was absent in all lesions and IgG stained positive in only one instance. These results suggest that immune complex deposition is not directly involved in the otic capsule lesions of the PN mouse, and alternate mechanisms relating autoimmune disease and otic capsule osteogenesis must be explored.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Osteogenesis imperfecta: presentation of a case].

Osteogenesis Imperfecta constitutes a group of anomalies include between the lethal form of the disease and a condition in which the cortical bone is thiness and more breakable. It's frequently associated to dental abnormalities. It's possible to found serious bone alterations associated to regular dentition or on the contrary. The present article reports a clinical case with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Tarda.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Role of allogenic vesical mucosa in inducing neo-osteogenesis in guineapigs.

Fresh allogenic mucosa lining the urinary bladder was transplanted into a 1 cm gap of right ulna bone in 24 guineapigs. The 1 cm, bone gap in the left ulna served as control. At regular intervals, the implanted and control sites were studied grossly with naked eye, radiologically and histopathologically to ascertain the role of allogenic vesical mucosa in inducing neo-osteogenesis. The bone gaps were uniformly bridged by bone in 10-12 wk at the implanted sites and fibrous tissue at control sites. There was no evidence of graft rejection. The study thus suggests the potential of the use of stored allogenic vesical mucosal grafts for neo-osteogenesis in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A 9-base pair deletion in COL1A1 in a lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta.

A proband with lethal osteogenesis imperfecta has been investigated for the causative defect at the levels of collagen protein, mRNA, and DNA. Analysis of type I collagen synthesized by the proband's fibroblasts showed excessive post-translational modification of alpha 1(I) chains along the entire length of the helix. Oververmodification of alpha chains could be prevented by incubation of the cells at 30 rather than 37 degrees C, and the thermal stability of the triple helix, as determined by protease digestion, was normal. RNase A cleavage of RNA:RNA hybrids formed between the proband's mRNA and antisense RNA derived from normal pro-alpha 1(I) chain cDNA clones was used to locate an abnormality to exon 43 of the proband's pro-alpha 1(I) collagen gene (COL1A1). The nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene region showed, in one allele, the deletion of 9 base pairs, not present in either parent, within a repeating sequence of exon 43. The mutation causes the loss of one of three consecutive Gly-Ala-Pro triplets at positions 868-876, but does not otherwise disrupt the Gly-X-Y sequence. Procollagen processing in fibroblast cultures and susceptibility of the mutant collagen I to cleavage with vertebrate collagenase were normal, indicating that the slippage of collagen chains by one Gly-X-Y triplet does not abolish amino-propeptidase and collagenase cleavage sites. How the mutation produces the lethal osteogenesis imperfecta phenotype is not entirely clear; the data suggest that the interaction of alpha chains immediately prior to helix formation may be affected.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

A de novo G to T transversion in a pro-alpha 1 (I) collagen gene for a moderate case of osteogenesis imperfecta. Substitution of cysteine for glycine 178 in the triple helical domain.

Cultured fibroblasts from a patient affected with a moderate form of osteogenesis imperfecta were defective for the synthesis of type I collagen molecules; about half of the alpha 1(I) chains contained a cysteine residue in the triple helical domain and a disulfide link formed when two mutant alpha 1(I) chains were incorporated into a type I collagen heterotrimer. The proband's parents were clinically and biochemically normal. The cysteine was localized within peptide alpha 1(I)CB8 between residues 170 and 200 of the triple helical domain using a chemical procedure with 2-nitro-5-thiocyanobenzoic acid (Tenni, R., Rossi, A., Valli, M., Mottes, M., Pignatti, P. F., and Cetta, G. (1990) Matrix 10, 20-26). Type I procollagen heterotrimers containing either one or two mutant chains showed (i) a slight abnormality in secretion from cells; (ii) a low degree of post-translational overmodifications; (iii) the same, but lower than normal, thermal stability. Total RNA was isolated from the proband's dermal fibroblast cultures, and cDNAs for pro-alpha 1(I) were prepared d using total RNA. A portion of cDNA, coding for the region encompassing residues 119-193 of alpha 1(I) triple helical domain, was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. A single base pair mismatch was identified by chemical cleavage of DNA.DNA heteroduplexes, indicating a possible substitution of a guanine in the triplet coding for glycine 178 or 181. The same unique mismatch was detected by chemical cleavage in about one-half of the molecules in heteroduplexes formed between patient's pro-alpha 1(I) mRNAs and a normal cDNA probe. The amplified products were cloned and sequenced, confirming the heterozygous nature of the patient and demonstrating the presence and the location of a missense mutation; a single T for G substitution was found in the first base of the triplet coding for residue 178 of alpha 1(I) triple helical domain, leading to a cysteine for glycine substitution. Allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization to amplified DNA confirmed a de novo point mutation in the proband's genome. The findings in this patient are in accord with the phenotypic gradient model, which correlates the localization of the structural defect with the clinical outcome of osteogenesis imperfecta. The mutant protein has some properties that differ from the caused by the cysteine for glycine 175 substitution, suggesting a direct influence of the neighboring amino acids on the effects of the mutation.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telescoping intramedullary stabilization of the lower extremities for severe osteogenesis imperfecta.

Intramedullary extendable Bailey-Dubow nails were used for treatment of lower extremity deformities resulting from osteogenesis imperfecta. Sixteen patients had 56 nails placed in 48 long bones, including 18 revisions. All patients were braced postoperatively. The average duration of follow-up was 4.8 years. Nine patients who were nonambulatory preoperatively walked in braces postoperatively. Despite a high rate of complication, extendable nails provide correction of the angular deformities of osteogenesis imperfecta, decrease fracturing, and allow most previously nonambulatory children to walk.

Bone Nails↗