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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Effect of working conditions on myocardial contractility in tube-rolling mill workers].

Tetrapolar rheography, M-echocardiography and visual searching ++Doppler echocardiography were used to study the state of the myocardium in 228 practically healthy male workers engaged in different working conditions at a tube-rolling mill. Revealed were increased myocardium and myocardium contraction disorders resulting from physical over-load in combination with heating microclimate and noise. The contributors proposed approaches to the preclinical diagnosis of such changes, which could be applied to the elaboration of preventive measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Labor conditions and morbidity with temporary disability in workers of the excavation teams engaged in the Karaganda open coal mines].

Studies performed at an open-pit mine in the Karaganda Region showed that excavator operators were exposed to the complex action of vibration, noise, unfavourable microclimate and dust in the parameters exceeding the existing norms. A comparative analysis of the levels of morbidity with temporary disability and the actual occupational conditions proved the latters' influence on the morbidity rate, particularly in case with diseases caused by respiratory infections, spinal disorders (radiculitis, lumbago), blood circulation dysfunctions, all of which should be attributed to occupationally conditioned ailments. Hygienic and preventive measures, with due account of specific groups of diseases, can considerably improve the workers' health status and decrease morbidity with temporary disability rates.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1991

[Assessment of probability of vibration disease caused by local vibration taking into consideration concomitant factors].

The article sets forth a theoretical basis for the evaluation of the probability of vibration disease caused by local vibration, with due account of the concomitant factors and with recommendations with regard to the assessment of the aggravating and normalizing factors. Basing on the original data and medical literature information, the contributors provided formulae and charts for the assessment of vibration disease, risks caused by noise, cold microclimate, physical overload, and cigarette smoking as an individual factor. A concept was proposed with regard to the risk-free dosage. The concept was viewed as a new hygienic and occupational category, which facilitated evaluating the real occupational risk levels for any profession and their consequent minimizing.

Cold Climate↗
PubMed1991

[Potential for early diagnosis of myocardial contractility disorders in people working under unfavorable conditions].

As many as 76 practically healthy men, workers of the pipe rolling plant, were examined at rest and during bicycle ergometry using M-echocardiography and visual-retrieval doppler-echocardiography. At rest none of the examined manifested any disorders of myocardial contractility. During bicycle ergometry, workers engaged in physical labour, both easy and of medium gravity, showed a rise of myocardial contractility as the loading was increased (at usual temperatures). In persons engaged in hard physical labour and exposed to the heating microclimate, the stroke volume, ejection fraction and Vcf calculated according to the echocardiogram rose whereas no increment of the contraction and relaxation rates was recorded, which was recognized as a sign of depletion of myocardial contractility reserves.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Houses and allergic respiratory syndromes.

A study was carried out in 49 flats in Bucharest inhabited by 265 persons. A quantitative analysis of fungi spores was performed as well as allergologic tests with Penicillium and Aspergillus fungi (A13), Aspergillus niger (M2), Alternaria tenuis (M1), Cladosporium herbarum (M3), Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (allergenic products supplied by the Bencard firm). The infested flats presented a high percentage of Aspergillus niger spores, particularly pathogenic. The main triggering factors for the appearance of the respiratory allergenic syndromes were found to be the conditions of humidity and the inadequate ventilation. Children are more affected by exposure to these conditions of the housing microclimate. Latent sensitization to fungi and to the Dermatophagoides pteronissinus mite in about 1/3 of the children and 1/5 of the adults represents a highly significant percentage of future candidates to bronchial asthma. A first requirement for the success of treatment in such subjects is the change of inhabiting conditions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aspects of professional hygiene in dental technical laboratories].

Investigations on hygiene and sanitary conditions in a laboratory for dental techniques consisted in physico-chemical determinations on microclimate (temperature, humidity, air currents), determination of dust particles (suspended and sedimented), determination of gases (CO, CO2, NO2, NH3, SO4(2-), chloride ions), and determination of microelements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd). In certain conditions the concentrations for dust, NO2, NH3, SO2(4-), chlorine and Cu were above the maximal accepted levels. Measures should be taken for the prevention and for the elimination of these noxious factors by implementing optimal hygienic conditions (heat, humidity, ventilation), by reducing gas emanations, by using protections equipment (mask, eyeglasses, gloves), and by periodic controls of the health status of dental technicians.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of health status in inhabitants of the protected zone near a steel mill. II. Overweight and obesity].

In the group of 232 inhabitants of the protective zone of Nowa Huta the Steel-Mill (181 women and 51 men) incidence of overweight and obesity was estimated using the Quetelet and Wot indices. The results were compared with appropriate data obtained for 37 men and 100 women, matched with age and occupation, inhabitants of Tokarnia village, known by favorable microclimate, rarely encountered in polluted areas of southern Poland. It was found that overweight and obesity was present in the group of the protective zone statistically more often than in Tokarnia. The differences were more pronounced for women than for men. Concentrations of serum cholesterol and triglycerides were also compared. Distribution of cholesterol in examined groups was similar to the distribution of the Quetelet index, differences of arithmetic means being statistically significant, whereas concentration of triglycerides was remarkably similar in all groups under investigation. In this paper rarely used method of data presentation was applied. From histograms of given parameter normalised curves were derived and served as a representation of parameter distribution in the studied population. This method grossly alleviated task of comparison and evaluation of obtained data.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A study of work conditions on board fishing vessels in the far-eastern region.

The authors present the results of investigations conducted on board sea-going fishing vessels during long-lasting voyage. They covered common dangerous occupational exposures to noise vibration, lighting, microclimate, air pollution in the work zone and the ship construction. The negative conditions these concerning were described.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Juvenile plantar dermatosis: when are epicutaneous tests indicated?].

The aetiology of juvenile plantar dermatosis (JPD) is probably multifactorial. Atopy, frictional factors and the frequent alternation between a hot and wet microclimate and a dry one seem to favour the dermatosis. An allergic contact dermatitis does not only involve a difficult differential diagnosis; it can also cause secondary deterioration of existing JPD. For these reasons, an attempt is made in this paper to specify the situations in which patch tests are indicated.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Hygienic characteristics of the air and air microflora in the weaving mill of the wool textile industry].

Modern wool textile factories are characterized by hygienically inadequate labour conditions which include exceeding dust and microbe contamination of the air in the working zone and poor microclimate conditions in some shops. Basing on the studies of the air contamination sources, the contributors propose recommendations for health-related improvement of the air conditions.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1990

[Work hygiene of miners engaged in mining and processing of sand and gravel mixtures].

The main hazardous occupational factors in sand and gravel mixture processing include siliceous dust contamination of the air, noise, vibration, intensive labour overload, and unfavourable microclimate conditions. The workers examined displayed exceeding general and occupational health disorders (silicosis, silicotuberculosis, dust bronchitis, cohlear neuritis).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Sanitary-hygienic characteristics of work conditions and health status of workers in nitric acid production industry].

Workers engaged in thin nitric acid manufacturing are exhibited to the combined action of both physical and chemical factors (noise, heating microclimate, nitric oxides, ammonia). Within the working hours, ECG changes and arterial blood pressure instability are displayed in operators and technicians. Influenza, acute respiratory disorders and osseo-muscular diseases present the main causes of morbidity with temporary disability. Technicians are characterized by a markedly greater morbidity rate. Ammonia and nitric oxides, as aggressive media, lead to higher rates of oral mucoid, hard dental tissues and periodontium lesions. Health-related labour conditions improvement measures are proposed.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Hygienic assessment of labor conditions in chemical industry sites during reconstruction].

In periods of reconstruction of chemical enterprises, hazardous compounds concentrations may exceed MAC, they are also characterized by contamination of the skin with toxic substances, welding aerosols discharge into the working zone, and microclimate distabilization. The workers' health states display functional shifts with concomitant decrease of labour productivity, increase heart rates, a higher 11-oxycorticosteroids contents in saliva and peroxidase activity. Morbidity with temporary disability also increases. A range of health improving measures is needed to be performed at the stages of preventive sanitary control.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1989

[The general aspects of the epidemiology of hospital infections--the measures for prevention and control].

The author analyzes the 3 important factors of in-hospital infections--the source of infection, route of transmission and the receptive organism, with details regarding the measures of prevention and control. Emphasis is laid on the role of the hospital personal which have an effective contribution in the prevention of these diseases, namely: a) strict application of hygiene measures (hospitalization conditions, microclimate, food, water supply, removal of wastes and residues, sterilization, disinfection, cleaning, etc.); b) choice of procedures of investigations and therapy with minimum risk of infection, application of asepsis and antisepsis techniques, the judicious use of antibiotics; c) accurate, prompt evaluation of the infectious potential and receptivity of the patients; d) clinical surveillance of the patients and health of the personal; e) corresponding professional education of the entire personal of the hospital. Further indications are given regarding correct performance of disinfection and sterilization and the substances used.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1989

A hygienic survey of the environment of underground space and buildings.

Full utilization of underground space and buildings could have positive economic and social effects. However, the microclimate and air quality must be well controlled so that they are not harmful to human health. This survey indicated that relative humidity is a common hygienic problem in underground space and buildings. Attention should be paid to humidity control and to the strengthening of routine ventilation at the construction stage. Carbon dioxide can be used as a hygiene index of air pollution: the sanitary standard for it in the air of underground buildings is 10%. The hygienic survey shows that the concentration of carbon dioxide is usually below this standard in the environments of underground space and buildings.

Air Movements↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-immunologic characteristics and prevention of occupational allergic dermatoses due to molybdenum exposure].

Occupational diseases of the skin have been detected in 19.6% of 352 workers engaged in molybdenum production. These diseases are characterized by a relatively low incidence on the dermatitis transformation into eczema and a considerable length of this process, by weak skin reactions to molybdenum tests (with 20% aqueous solution of ammonium paramolybdate), by the predominance of skin itching in the clinical picture, by a secondary pyococcic infection, and by frequent combination of eczema with allergic involvement of the ENT organs. Experimental and clinical immunologic studies have revealed that mostly humoral immune mechanisms with a relatively weak involvement of the T-lymphocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of the dermatoses due to molybdenum exposure; this fact is responsible for poor clinical manifestation of the delayed type hypersensitivity reactions and at the same time a manifest IgE-dependent pattern of allergic reactions. A clear-cut correlation between the frequency of the dermatoses and molybdenum level in environmental dust was detected, as were a considerable molybdenum contamination of the skin and the fact that hot and humid microclimate are conducive to the development of dermatoses. Basing on the results of these studies, the authors have developed recommendations on the diagnosis and prevention of molybdenum-induced dermatoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Is gastro-intestinal mucus an ion-selective barrier?

The mucus layer at the epithelial surface seems to be responsible for the formation of a microclimate in which the concentrations of H+, K+, Na+, and Cl- are rather constant. It is possible that this is not due simply to an unstirred layer effect, but also to a higher diffusion resistance of mucus. Flux measurements revealed that sodium and potassium permeabilities in mucus are 50% lower than those in saline. Dilution and biionic diffusion potentials indicated a higher relative permeability of mucus for sodium and potassium than for chloride. Thus mucus represents a diffusion barrier, slightly more permeable for cations than for anions.

Animals↗