Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Injections, Intraperitoneal”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Intraperitoneal recombinant human erythropoietin therapy: influence of the duration of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis treatment and peritonitis.

This study was performed to investigate the factors that influence intraperitoneal absorption of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and to evaluate the differences of the pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneally administered rHuEPO before peritonitis and after recovery. First, the pharmacokinetics in different groups of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients was studied. Thirty-six CAPD patients were enrolled and divided into four groups. Group 1 included 20 patients who were either just placed on CAPD therapy or had been on CAPD for < 1 year, but with a low frequency of peritonitis episodes. Group 1 was divided into four subgroups by body weight (20-30, 31-45, 46-55, and > 55 kg). Group 2, patients who had received CAPD treatment for more than 1 year, was further divided into group 2a and group 2b according to a low or a high frequency of peritonitis episodes, respectively. rHuEPO (100 U/kg) was administered as a single bolus of intravenous, subcutaneous, or intraperitoneal injection. Intraperitoneal rHuEPO was retained for 10 h. The results showed no significant differences between subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration in group 1 patients. However, peak concentration, time to reach peak serum level, area under the curves, and bioavailability were substantially lower after intraperitoneal than after subcutaneous administration in group 2a and group 2b patients. There was no influence of body size on peak concentration and area under the curve in group 1 patients. Second, comparison of the pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal administration before and after recovery from peritonitis in group 1 patients revealed that the serum levels of rHuEPO became lower after the occurrence of peritonitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of feeding behavior of rats of a cryptic peptide from the C-terminal end on prepro-growth hormone-releasing factor.

An amidated peptide derived from cleavage of the C-terminal of prepro-GRF [prepro-GRF-(78-107)NH2] and designated CTPG or anorectin was injected ip and into the third ventricle of rats, and food intake and body weight were measured. An acute injection of 0.2, 0.5, or 1.0 microgram CTPG (anorectin; 60, 150, or 300 pmol) into the third ventricle produced a significant dose-related reduction in food intake in the hungry rat during the 12-h dark period. Water intake was suppressed 30% by 1.0 microgram (300 pmol), but the lower doses had no effect. The highest dose (1 microgram or 300 pmol) produced a small rise in glucose concentration 5 min after injection into the third ventricle, which returned to the control value by 15 min. Anorectin increased the sympathetic efferent firing rate 3, 6, and 24 h after a single injection. Intraperitoneal injection of 2.0, 5.0, and 20 micrograms, however, had no significant effect on food or water intake. Chronic infusion into the third ventricle at a rate of 50 ng/h for 7 days produced a persistent reduction in food intake and a steady fall in body weight. The chronically infused rats had a significantly higher level of sympathetic activity, as measured by the firing rate of sympathetic nerves innervating the interscapular brown adipose tissue. These studies raise the possibility that anorectin released during processing of GRF might be involved in the modulation of feeding behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The alkyl-ether phospholipid platelet-activating factor is a stimulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a naturally occurring alkyl-ether phospholipid which serves as an extracellular mediator in various cellular processes. Here we examined the effects of PAF on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in vivo and in vitro. PAF injected iv to rats (125, 250, and 500 ng/100 g BW) caused significant stimulation of pituitary ACTH and adrenal corticosterone secretion. The peak of PAF effect was recorded 10 min after the injection. Intraperitoneal injection of the PAF receptor antagonist BN 52021 prevented the ACTH-releasing effect of PAF. In explanted rat hypothalami maintained viable in vitro, PAF stimulated immunoreactive CRH secretion in a bell-shaped dose-response fashion. The maximal stimulatory effect occurred at the concentration of 10 nM. Higher concentrations appeared to cause desensitization. Alprazolam (1 microM) and BN 52021 (1 microM), two structurally different PAF receptor antagonists, inhibited this effect. The inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism, indomethacin, eicosatetraynoic acid, and the calcium channel blocker verapamil, inhibited PAF-stimulated CRH secretion, suggesting mediation by Ca2+ influx and phospholipase-A2 activation. In addition, we found that 1 nM PAF weakly stimulated ACTH secretion by dispersed rat pituicytes. This stimulatory effect of PAF was also inhibited by the receptor antagonists alprazolam and BN 52021. Our data suggest that PAF plays a role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid secretion and can perhaps serve as a mediator in the interactions of the immune system with the central nervous system.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2001

Suppressive effect of aspirin on chromosome aberration induced by mitomycin C in mice.

Chromosome aberrations induced by mitomycin C (MMC) were suppressed by aspirin in a mouse micronucleus test with peripheral blood and bone marrow cells. Aspirin at doses of 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally or per administered orally 0.5, 6, or 24 h after administration of MMC and then peripheral blood and/or bone marrow cells were sampled 48 h after administration of MMC. The suppressive effect of aspirin was more pronounced in the aspirin-treated groups 24 h than 0.5 and 6 h after administration of MMC. In the aspirin-treated group at 24 h, the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei was decreased by about 60-80% after intraperitoneal injection and by about 40-70% after oral administration. It is suggested that aspirin may directly act on MMC metabolites, but not on MMC itself.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1989

Kaolin-induced writhing response in mice: activation of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system by kaolin.

A mechanism of writhing reaction induced by kaolin, a known activator of factor XII, was studied. Kaolin induced a distinct writhing response, when injected intraperitoneally into mice (2.5 mg/mouse). The response disappeared in 15 min, but it was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of captopril, 20 micrograms, into mice who had received the injection of kaolin 60 min before. This later response as well as the early one was not produced when mice were pretreated with bromelain (10 mg/kg, intravenously), 30 min before the kaolin administration. Therefore we determined if bromelain, a known depleter of plasma prekallikrein and a high molecular weight (HMW) kininogen, depletes those in mice. Plasma was collected from mice with or without pretreatment of bromelain, and kinin release of these plasma samples was examined by action of kaolin. The bromelain-treated mouse plasma released kinin amount of less than detection limit when activated with kaolin, whereas normal plasma released about 300 ng/ml of kinin of bradykinin equivalent as assessed by rat uterus contraction. Furthermore, activation of prekallikrein by kaolin was observed in mouse plasma as amidase activity to produce fluorescence from the synthetic substrate. It was completely diminished in the presence of soybean trypsin inhibitor. These results suggest that bromelain could deplete the HMW-kininogen in mouse plasma in the same way as in rat plasma. Furthermore, it is assumed that the kinin released from HMW-kininogen by kaolin could be responsible for inducing the writhing response.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of methamphetamine on copulatory behavior in male rats.

Many papers have reported the effect of amphetamine and its close relative, methamphetamine on sexual activity in humans. The effect of these drugs on animal sexual behavior is unknown. The present study was done to determine whether methamphetamine modifies the copulatory behavior of male rats. Sexually experienced rats of the Wistar-Imamichi strain, 10 weeks of age, were singly injected intraperitoneally with methamphetamine hydrochloride at doses of 0, 1, 2 or 4 mg/kg body weight. Tests were initiated at 19: 30 in the dark period. Observations were conducted for 90 min. At dosages of 1 or 2 mg/kg there were no changes in copulatory behavior ascribed to the administration of methamphetamine. At 4 mg/kg the frequencies of mounting, intromission and ejaculation were greatly decreased but the spontaneous motor activity and stereotypic behavior increased in all males. In a further experiment, males were given methamphetamine by intraperitoneal injection once a week for 8 weeks. The copulatory behavior was tested 5 times at two weeks intervals. In the 4th testing, the percentage showing ejaculation decreased. In the 5th testing, there was no ejaculation and the incidence of intromission decreased. No stereotypic behavior was displayed in any of the males during the testing. From these results, it was concluded that methamphetamine inhibits the intromitting and ejaculating behavior in male rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Effects of a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on lipopolysaccharide-induced fever.

It has been demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) has a thermoregulatory action, but very little is known about the mechanisms involved. In the present study we determined the effect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibition on thermoregulation. We used 7-nitroindazole (7-NI, 1, 10 and 30 mg/kg body weight), a selective nNOS inhibitor, injected intraperitoneally into normothermic Wistar rats (200-250 g) and rats with fever induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 microg/kg body weight) administration. It has been demonstrated that the effects of 30 mg/kg of 7-NI given intraperitoneally may inhibit 60% of nNOS activity in rats. In all experiments the colonic temperature of awake unrestrained rats was measured over a period of 5 h at 15-min intervals after intraperitoneal injection of 7-NI. We observed that the injection of 30 mg/kg of 7-NI induced a 1.5 degrees C drop in body temperature, which was statistically significant 1 h after injection (P<0.02). The coinjection of LPS and 7-NI was followed by a significant (P<0.02) hypothermia about 0.5 degrees C below baseline. These findings show that an nNOS isoform is required for thermoregulation and participates in the production of fever in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Antidotal efficacy of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and sodium thiosulfate in cyanide poisoning.

Alpha-ketoglutaric acid and sodium thiosulfate antagonize the toxic effects of cyanide. The present study was performed to test whether a synergistic effect may occur. The alpha-ketoglutaric acid/sodium thiosulfate solutions were injected intraperitoneally into mice prior to exposure to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in a dynamic inhalation chamber or preceding an intraperitoneal injection of sodium cyanide (NaCN). All lethal concentration (LCT) and lethal dose (LD) values were determined after a period of 24 h. Alpha-ketoglutaric acid alone provided no protection at 250 mg/kg when challenged with HCN. Sodium thiosulfate 500 mg/kg provided a 5% protection. However, when these doses of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and sodium thiosulfate were combined, protection was increased by 18%. Alpha-ketoglutaric acid (250 mg/kg) and sodium thiosulfate (1000 mg/kg) provided an additional 48% protection against a LCT88 of HCN. A single dose of alpha-ketoglutaric acid (500 mg/kg) and sodium thiosulfate (1000 mg/kg) solutions afforded a 70% increase in survivability of the exposed animals. When mice were injected ip with 100 mg/kg of alpha-ketoglutaric acid 15 min prior to the injection of 5.5 mg/kg (LD50) of NaCN, the lethality was reduced to an LD30. Two hundred mg/kg alpha-ketoglutaric acid, challenged with the same dose of NaCN, reduced the lethality to 23%. When mice were challenged with 6.0 mg/kg of NaCN (LD70) pretreated with 100 mg/kg of alpha-ketoglutaric acid or 200 mg/kg of sodium thiosulfate, the LD was not altered in the former but reduced to an LD15 in the latter. At higher doses of sodium thiosulfate (500 mg/kg), an LD60 occurred at 13.6 mg/kg NaCN (2.5 x LD50).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of copper or insulin in diabetic copper-deficient rats.

The effects of copper and insulin on lipogenesis and glucose tolerance were studied using diabetic, copper-deficient rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg streptozotocin/kg body weight to rats fed a sucrose-copper deficient diet for 7 weeks. Five days later the rats were injected intraperitoneally with [14C]glucose with either saline, insulin, copper, or copper plus insulin. The disappearance of serum [14C]glucose at 30, 60, and 120 min postinjection and the incorporation of [14C]glucose into lipid of epididymal fat 2 hr after administration were determined. The combined effect of copper and insulin significantly decreased peak blood glucose at 30 min and increased the incorporation of [14C]glucose into lipid in the epididymal fat pad when compared to either copper or insulin alone. The enhancement of glucose utilization may be due to a formation of a more stable complex which will increase insulin binding and/or decrease its degradation.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of an anti-inflammatory factor derived from hyperimmunized cows.

An anti-inflammatory factor isolated from milk of hyperimmunized cows was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Macrophages collected from lacteal secretions of a unimmunized nonlactating cow showed increased ability to kill phagocytosed Staphylococcus aureus when incubated with the anti-inflammatory factor. Mice injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of anti-inflammatory factor demonstrated an increased LD50 to S. aureus when challenged intraperitoneally. Injected mice also demonstrated significantly (P less than 0.05) less mammary inflammation and involution and increased clearance of S. aureus when challenged intramammarily. Quantitative histologic analysis of mammary tissues from mice injected with anti-inflammatory factor demonstrated significantly (P less than 0.05) more lumen, less interalveolar connective tissue, and less leukocytic infiltration compared with control mice. Mammary glands of mice injected with anti-inflammatory factor and challenged with S. aureus also contained fewer colony-forming units than control mice. The product appeared to exert its effect on the nonspecific defense system via modulation of leukocyte function.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Honokiol: a potent chemotherapy candidate for human colorectal carcinoma.

AIM: To investigate the anticancer activity of honokiol on RKO, a human colorectal carcinoma cell line in vitro and in vivo, and to evaluate its possible use in clinic. METHODS: In vitro anticancer activity of honokiol was demonstrated by its induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. We analyzed cell proliferation with MTT assay, cell cycle with flow cytosmeter, DNA fragment with electrophoresis on agarose gels. To test the mechanism of honokiol-induced apoptosis, Western blotting was used to investigate the factors involved in this process. The pharmacokinetics study of honokiol was tested by high phase liquid chromatography. In in vivo study, Balb/c nude mice were incubated with RKO cells. Honokiol was injected intraperitoneally every other day into tumor bearing Balb/c nude mice. RESULTS: Our results showed that honokiol induced apoptosis of RKO cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. At 5-10 microg/mL for 48 h, honokiol induced apoptosis through activating Caspase cascades. Pharmacokinetics study demonstrated that, honokiol could be absorbed quickly by intraperitoneal injection, and maintained in plasma for more than 10 h. In nude mice bearing RKO-incubated tumor, honokiol displayed anticancer activity by inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging the lifespan of tumor bearing mice. CONCLUSION: With its few toxicity to normal cells and potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo, honokiol might be a potential chemotherapy candidate in treating human colorectal carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effects of interleukin-10 on activation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in fibrotic rat liver.

AIM: To study the effects of interleukin-10 (IL-10) on the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), nuclear factor- kappa B(NF- kappa B) and Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) in hepatic stellate cells of experimental rats with hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: Sixty clean SD rats were randomly divided into control group (group N), liver fibrotic group (group C) and IL-10 treatment group (group I). Control group received intraperitoneal injection of saline (2 mL/kg), twice a week. Fibrotic group was injected intraperitoneally with 50% carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) (2 mL/kg), twice a week. IL-10 treatment group was given IL-10 at a dose of 4 microg/kg 20 minutes before CCl(4) administration from the third week. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from these rats at the seventh and eleventh weeks during the course of liver fibrosis, respectively. The expression of alpha-SMA and NF- kappa B in HSCs was measured by S-P immunohistochemistry. The expression of Fas and FasL mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. Furthermore, liver tissues were harvested from three groups at the same time. RESULTS: The CCl(4)- induced experimental rat hepatic fibrosis model was established successfully. The purity of extracted hepatic stellate cells was about 95% and the yield of hepatic stellate cells was 1.2-2.3 x 10(6)/g liver tissue averagely. The positive expression of alpha-SMA and NF- kappa B was 36.5% and 28.5% respectively in group N. The positive levels of alpha-SMA and NF- kappa B were increased significantly in group C compared to group N (P<0.01). The positive signals decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group I. In the 11th week, the HSCs of group I became round with visible pyknotic nuclei. The expression of NF- kappa B in group C was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner (P<0.01), but there was no difference in the alpha-SMA expression (P>0.05). The mRNA of Fas and FasL in group C was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner compared to that in control group. After treated with IL-10, the expression level of Fas and FasL was higher in group I than in group C. CONCLUSION: The positive expression of alpha-SMA and NF- kappa B in hepatic stellate cells is decreased by ectogenic IL-10 in liver fibrosis induced by CCl(4). The expression of Fas and FasL is increased in the course of liver fibrosis, and is further increased by IL-10. IL-10 could inhibit the activation of HSCs and cause apoptosis of activated HSCs.

Actins↗
PubMed2003

A mouse model of severe acute pancreatitis induced with caerulein and lipopolysaccharide.

AIM: To establish a non-traumatic, easy to induce and reproducible mouse model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) induced with caerulein and lipopolyasccharide (LPS). METHODS: Thirty-two healthy mature NIH female mice were selected and divided at random into four groups (each of 8 mice), i.e., the control group (NS group), the caerulein group (Cn group), the lipopolysaccharide group (LPS group), and the caerulein+LPS group (Cn+LPS group). Mice were injected intraperitoneally with caerulein only, or LPS only, and caerulein and LPS in combination. All the animals were then killed by neck dislocation three hours after the last intraperitoneal injection. The pancreas and exo-pancreatic organs were then carefully removed for microscopic examination. And the pancreatic acinus was further observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). Pancreatic weight, serum amylase, serum nitric oxide (NO) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of the pancreas were assayed respectively. RESULTS: (1) NS animals displayed normal pancreatic structure both in the exocrine and endocrine. In the LPS group, the pancreas was slightly edematous, with the infiltration of a few inflammatory cells and the necrosis of the adjacent fat tissues. All the animals of the Cn group showed distinct signs of a mild edematous pancreatitis characterized by interstitial edema, infiltration of neutrophil and mononuclear cells, but without obvious parenchyma necrosis and hemorrhage. In contrast, the Cn+LPS group showed more diffuse focal areas of nonviable pancreatic and hemorrhage as well as systemic organ dysfunction. According to Schmidt's criteria, the pancreatic histologic score showed that there existed significant difference in the Cn+LPS group in the interstitial edema, inflammatory infiltration, parenchyma necrosis and parenchyma homorrhage in comparison with those of the Cn group, LPS group and NS group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). (2) The ultrasturcture of acinar cells was seriously damaged in the Cn+LPS group. Chromatin margination of nuclei was present, the number and volume of vacuoles greatly increased. Zymogen granules (ZGs) were greatly decreased in number and endoplasmic reticulum exhibited whorls. The swollen mitochondria appeared, the crista of which was decreased in number or disappeared. (3) Pancreatic weight and serum amylase levels in the Cn +LPS was significantly higher than those of the NS group and the LPS group respectively (P<0.01 or P<0.05). However, the pancreatic wet weight and serum amylase concentration showed no significant difference between the Cn+LPS group and the Cn group. (4) NO concentration in the Cn+LPS group was significantly higher than that of NS group, LPS group and Cn group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). (5) The SOD and MDA concentration of the pancreas in the Cn+LPS group were significantly higher than those of NS, LPS and Cn groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The mouse model of severe acute pancreatitis could be induced with caerulein and LPS, which could be non-traumatic and easy to induce, reproducible with the same pathological characteristics as those of SAP in human, and could be used in the research on the mechanism of human SAP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of sodium hypochlorite on the course of recovery of structural elements and functions of the kidneys in postischemic period].

Kidney morphological structure, function and enzymuria were studied in experiment on 22 non-inbred rats of 200-280 g body weight with 90 min kidney ligature ischemia on day 3 and 7. In experimental group (11 rats) 1 ml 0.06% solution of sodium hypochlorite (SH) was injected intraperitoneally daily after kidney ischemic damage. 11 rats of the control group received 1 ml 0.89% SH solution in daily intraperitoneal injections. Morphological changes in renal structure, functional capacity of the kidneys, enzymuria on experimental day 3 and 7 were studied. It was revealed that SH injected in acute ischemic phase aggravated kidney cell damage. However, SH induced kidney reparative reaction on day 3. In the control group this reaction was registered only on day 7. It is suggested that SH may be an effective prophylactic modality against ischemic renal damage.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of lentivirus-mediated and MUC1 antibody-targeted VP22-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy for ovarian cancer.

UNLABELLED: Transfer of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene into tumor cells using virus-based vectors in conjunction with ganciclovir (GCV) exposure provides a potential gene therapy strategy for the treatment of cancer. Effective gene therapy depends on the efficient transfer and specific targeting of therapeutic genes and their protein products to target cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect of Lentivirus-mediated and MUC1 antibody-targeted VP22-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy in animal models. Mouse models were generated with intraperitoneal injection of human epithelial ovarian cancer cells 3AO, which are MUC1-positive, HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors carrying VP22-TK or scFv-VP22-TK were prepared. The animals were injected intraperitoneally with lentivirus containing scFv-VP22-TK, VP22-TK, followed by GCV treatment. Combined treatment of lentivirus-expressed scFv-VP22-TK or VP22-TK with GCV inhibited the proliferation and prolonged survival times compared with the control vector. The survival time of animals treated with scFv-VP22-TK/GCV was significantly longer than that of animals treated with VP22-TK/GCV (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that MUC1 antibody-targeted VP22-TK/GCV suicide gene therapy can efficiently inhibit ovarian tumor growth and increase survival in a nude mouse model of ovarian carcinoma. These data support the development of this method for human clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell line PC-3 by BBSKE, a novel organoselenium compound, and its effect in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of BBSKE (1,2-[bis (1,2-benzisoselenazolone-3 (2H)-ketone)]ethane), a novel organoselenium compound, on the proliferation and apoptosis of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3, and to study its effect on the growth of prostate cancer in vivo. METHODS: Prostate cancer cells of the cell line PC-3 was cultivated in media with different concentrations of BBSKE and cisplatin. The inhibition of proliferation was measured by colorimetric MTT assay. The morphologic changes were observed by fluorescence microscopy, DNA fragmentation was visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the DNA degradation was determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to identify the expression of bcl-2 and bax. The activity of caspase-3 was determined by a micro-ELISA reader. Mouse prostate cancer cells of the TRAMP-C2 line were cultured and then injected subcutaneously into 2 male C57BL/6 mice to establish the animal model. Then the 2 mice were killed to collect the cancer cells. Twenty-four mice were injected intraperitoneally with single cell suspension of TRAMP-C2 cell and then divided into 3 groups of 8 mice undergoing intraperitoneal injection for 7 days: BBSKE group (BBSKE was administered at the dosage of 25mg/kg/day), cisplatin group (cisplatin 2mg/kg/d was injected), and control group (pure solvent was injected). Three weeks after the mice were killed and the tumors were taken out to calculate the inhibition rate. RESULTS: BBSKE inhibited the growth of the PC-3 cells dosage-dependently with a value of IC(50) of 17.90 micro mol/L after a 48 h exposure, higher than that in the case of cisplatin (15.00 micro mol/L). After exposure of PC-3 cells to BBSKE at the dosage of 20 micro mol/L for 48 hours the apoptosis rate was 26.32%, significantly higher than that of the control group (1.75%, P < 0.01). The expression of bcl-2 was decreased and the expression of bax remained almost unchanged along with the increase of BBSKE concentration. The activity of caspase 3 in the subgroup of BBSKE of the concentration of 5 micro mol/L remained almost unchanged, and was increased to 3.65 +/- 0.57 and 4.39 +/- 1.01 respectively in the BBSKE 10 micro mol/L and 20 micro mol/L subgroups, both significantly higher than that of the control group (both P < 0.05). In the in vivo experiment, the growth of tumor was significantly inhibited by BBSKE with an inhibition rate of 40% and the inhibition rate of the cisplatin group was 48%. CONCLUSION: The novel organoselenium BBSKE inhibits the proliferation of PC-3 cell and promote its apoptosis, probably through downregulating the expression of bcl-2 and the activity of caspase-3. BBSKE also inhibits the growth of prostate cancer in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Immune tolerance induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B for the treatment of rat high-risk corneal transplantation rejection].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanism of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) induced immune tolerance in the treatment of high-risk corneal transplantation in the rat. METHODS: Fisher 344 rats were used as donors and Lewis rats were used as recipients. Corneal neovascularization was induced by sutures. The rats were divided randomly into five groups in a masked fashion. In the 4 SEB-treated groups, 0.2 ml SEB were intraperitoneally injected before the keratoplasty at concentrations of 25 microg/kg, 50 microg/kg, 75 microg/kg and 100 microg/kg, respectively. The control group received a saline buffer injection intraperitoneally. All allografts were observed and scored for 30 days. Meanwhile, the infiltration of lymphocytes in the allografts, the percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations in the immune organs, the proliferation ability of the lymphocytes and the cytokines in the serum were measured. RESULTS: The SEB at the concentration of 25 microg/kg did not prolong the survival time of the allografts as compared to the control group. With the increase of the concentration of SEB, the survival time in the other three SEB-treated groups were prolonged significantly and the 75 microg/kg group showed the best results. The infiltration of the lymphocytes in the allografts and the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the immune organs in the SEB treated groups were reduced. The proliferation ability of the lymphocytes in SEB treated groups was decreased; the concentration of IL-2 was lower while the concentration of IL-10 was higher in the serum in the SEB treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: SEB at an optimal concentration is effective in inhibiting immune rejection in high-risk corneal transplantation. The mechanism of SEB induced immune tolerance is related to the reduction of the number and the immune tolerance status of the lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Study on RAPD characteristics of five S180 clonal strains and on biological characteristics of passage cells from S180-S2D9].

OBJECTIVE: To study the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) characteristics of five S180, clonal cell strains with 23 primers and the biological characteristics of passage cells from S180-S2D9. METHODS: The DNA of 5 clone strains of S180 including S180-S2D9, S180-S2D7, S180-S1F11, S180-S1H10 and S180-S1B11, was amplified with RAPD-PCR using 23 single primers. The PCR products were resolved with electrophoresis on agarose gel. To analyze genomic DNA with RAPD, the cultured cells in vitro were treated with colchicine for 6 hours. Then, the chromosome numbers of 100 cells were examined under the microscope. The KM mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml solution of S180-S2D9 cell, and the growth of ascitic fluid and the life span of the mice were observed. The cultured cells were fixed with 750 ml/L ethanol, and DNA analysis was made by Flow Cytometry. RESULTS: Three of the 23 single primers resulted in diversity between amplified products from different clonal strains. RAPD character of S180-S2D9 was analyzed by the 3 single primers; RAPD bands of the first generation, 25th generation, 50th generation and 75th generation showed no difference; ANOVA showed that the average numbers of chromosomes of four generations were of no significant difference (P>0.05). The ascites of the KM mice subjected to the intraperitoneal injection of first generation and 50th generation S180-S2D9 cells was bloody, and the survival days of mice were 13-23 d and 13-20 d respectively; ANOVA showed there was no significant difference between the first generation and 50th generation (P>0.05). DNA contents assayed by flow cytometry revealed that DNA corresponding content of the cells is individually 0.3890, 0.3542, 0.3575 and 0. 3984. These results imply that the S180-S2D9 passage cells have not been found to vary a lot. CONCLUSION: It is adaptable to give quality control to the clonal cell strains with RAPD.

Animals↗