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Results for “FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY”

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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of nitrous oxide on maternal and embryonic folate metabolism in rats.

Deficiency of the vitamin, folic acid, or exposure to the anesthetic gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), has been reported to be teratogenic in rats. N2O oxidizes the vitamin B12 prosthetic group of methionine synthetase. This enzyme converts the plasma folate form, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, to tetrahydrofolate and catalyzes the methylation of homocysteine to methionine. To assess the effects of N2O on folate levels in embryos, pregnant rats were exposed to a mixture of 50% N2O:50% O2 for 4, 24 or 48 h. Animals were sacrificed on day 14 of gestation immediately following treatment. Exposure to N2O was not acutely embryotoxic. It significantly inhibited methionine synthetase activity in maternal liver as well as embryonic tissue. Exposure to N2O for 48 h led to a loss of folates from liver and embryos and marked changes in the distribution of folates within these tissues. Specifically, the levels of nonmethylated folates including tetrahydrofolate in embryonic tissue were reduced by 50%, a loss which could be very significant in regard to embryonic macromolecular synthesis.

5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltran↗
PubMed1999

[Maternal nutrition effect on fetus development and pregnant women's health].

A review is made of the main prenatal growth stages and the way they are influenced by social and biological factors pointing out the role of maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy. It is discussed the available evidence on the relation of maternal nutrition and fetal growth through clinical and epidemiological studies performed in animal and humans, analyzing the causal mechanisms of this association, including the role of placenta. Some clinical useful indicators that allow to evaluate maternal nutrition throughout gestation are presented. Emphasis is made on the impact of protein-energy malnutrition as well as on some specific deficiencies, particularly iron and folic acid. At last, the synergic effect of infection and malnutrition on low birth weight and prematurity is analyzed.

Anemia↗
PubMed1994

[Mothers and iron].

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Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed1978

[Pregnancy anemias].

After introductory remarks on the physiology of blood during pregnancy the authors enter the two most frequent anaemias of pregnancy, which are evoked by iron deficiency and infection, as well as the megaloblastic, which are evoked by deficiency of folic acid--more infrequently also by deficiency of vitamin B12. The diagnostic and therapeutic principles are described in detail. It is only in short referred to the very rare haemolytic and toxic farms of anaemia, it is generally renounced to describe the haemorrhagic anaemia. A prophylaxis of the anaemia of pregnancy is intensely recommended.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

Effects of change in dietary folic acid content on pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in rat.

Pentylenetetrazol (PT) eeg thresholds were measured in rats on a folic acid (FA) deficient diet, normal diet, and a diet supplemented with large amounts of folic acid. The intraperitoneal dose per kilogram body weight of PT is significantly higher in the FA deficient group and significantly lower in the FA supplemented group than in rats on a normal diet. This indicates an effect of FA metabolism on PT epilepsy. The Lactobacillus casei minus Streptococcus faecalis activity of the brain is decreased in the FA deficient and increased in the FA supplemented group. The relation between brain folate metabolism and epilepsy is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Significant correlations of plasma homocysteine and serum methylmalonic acid with movement and cognitive performance in elderly subjects but no improvement from short-term vitamin therapy: a placebo-controlled randomized study.

BACKGROUND: Deficiencies of vitamin B-12, folic acid, and vitamin B-6-as defined by laboratory measures-occur in 10-20% of elderly subjects. The clinical significance remains unresolved. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to explore any association between vitamin status and vitamin treatment and movement and cognitive performance in elderly subjects. DESIGN: Community-dwelling subjects (n = 209) with a median age of 76 y were randomly assigned to daily oral treatment with 0.5 mg cyanocobalamin, 0.8 mg folic acid, and 3 mg vitamin B-6 or placebo (double blind) for 4 mo. Movement and cognitive performance tests were performed before and after treatment. RESULTS: A high plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration (> or =16 micromol/L) was found in 64% of men and in 45% of women, and a high serum methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentration (> or =0.34 micromol/L) was found in 11% of both sexes. Movement time, digit symbol, and block design (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and creatinine) correlated independently with plasma tHcy (P < 0.01, < 0.05, and < 0.01, respectively); the simultaneity index and block design correlated with serum MMA (P < 0.05 for both). Vitamin therapy significantly decreased plasma tHcy (32%) and serum MMA (14%). No improvements were found in the movement or cognitive tests compared with placebo. Neither vitamin therapy nor changes in plasma tHcy, serum MMA, serum vitamin B-12, plasma folate, or whole-blood folate correlated with changes in movement or cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: High plasma tHcy and serum MMA were prevalent and correlated inversely with movement and cognitive performance. Oral B vitamin treatment normalized plasma tHcy and serum MMA concentrations but did not affect movement or cognitive performance. This might have been due to irreversible or vitamin-independent neurocognitive decline or to an insufficient dose or duration of vitamins.

Aged↗