Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FLORIDA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Influence of a counteradvertising media campaign on initiation of smoking: the Florida "truth" campaign.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term effects of television advertisements from the Florida "truth" campaign on rates of smoking initiation. METHODS: A follow-up survey of young people aged 12 to 17 years (n = 1820) interviewed during the first 6 months of the advertising campaign was conducted. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the independent effects of the campaign on smoking initiation while other factors were controlled for. RESULTS: Youths scoring at intermediate and high levels on a media effect index were less likely to initiate smoking than youths who could not confirm awareness of television advertisements. Adjusted odds ratios between the media index and measures of initiation were similar within categories of age, sex, susceptibility, and whether a parent smoked. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to the "truth" media campaign lowered the risk of youth smoking initiation. However, the analysis did not demonstrate that all such media programs will be effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The epidemic of pediatric traffic injuries in South Florida: a review of the problem and initial results of a prospective surveillance strategy.

This study identified specific regional risk factors for the high rate of pediatric pedestrian trauma in Florida. Of the 29 cases studied prospectively, 3 (10%) occurred near ice cream trucks and 13 (45%) involved "dart-outs"; mean hospital charges were 24,478 +/- 43,939 US dollars. Recommendations included an engineering change for a dangerous intersection, and a population-based recommendation was to equip ice cream trucks with extending stop signs.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed2004

Florida's motorcycle helmet law repeal and fatality rates.

On July 1 2000, the State of Florida exempted adult motorcyclist and moped riders from wearing helmets provided they have medical insurance of 10,000 US dollars. Monthly time series of motorcycle occupant deaths are examined from 1/1994 to 12/2001. The interrupted time series analysis estimates a 48.6% increase in motorcycle occupant deaths the year after the law change. The impact estimate reduces to 38.2% and 21.3% when trends in travel miles and motorcycle registrations are controlled. Our findings suggest that the law's age exemption should be revoked.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2006

Medication safety infrastructure in critical-access hospitals in Florida.

PURPOSE: The medication safety infrastructure of critical-access hospitals (CAHs) in Florida was evaluated. METHODS: Qualitative assessments, including a self-administered survey and site visits, were conducted in seven of nine CAHs between January and June 2003. The survey consisted of the Institute for Safe Medication Practices Medication Safety Self-assessment, the 2003 Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations patient safety goals, health information technology (HIT) questions, and medication-use-process flow charts. On-site visits included interviews of CAH personnel who had safety responsibility and inspections of pharmacy facilities. The findings were compiled into a matrix reflecting structural and procedural components of the CAH medication safety infrastructure. RESULTS: The nine characteristics that emerged as targets for quality improvement (QI) were medication accessibility and storage, sterile product compounding, access to drug information, access to and utilization of patient information in medication order review, advanced safety technology, drug formularies and standardized medication protocols, safety culture, and medication reconciliation. CONCLUSION: Based on weighted importance and feasibility, QI efforts in CAHs should focus on enhancing medication order review systems, standardizing procedures for handling high-risk medications, promoting an appropriate safety culture, involvement in seamless care, and investment in HIT.

Drug Compounding↗
PubMed1998

Algorithms for resource allocation of substance abuse prevention funds based on the estimated need: a case study on state of Florida--Part 1.

The purposes of Parts 1-3 of this article is to develop a framework for county-based prevention resource allocation algorithms based on the aggregated need for substance abuse prevention services estimated at the county level. The development of these algorithms is founded upon two databases: statewide student drug survey and a set of social indicators routinely collected and published by various agencies of the state of Florida. The resource allocation models are devised by developing several indices of prevention needs that are conceptualized in terms of: 1) county-based composite drug use index (COMDRUG), 2) the definitions of prevention target populations as envisioned by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), 3) composite risk-factor index score, and 4) a set of social indicators that are empirically related to COMDRUG observed at the county level. The first three models are based on the prevention needs estimated from the statewide student survey on substance abuse. The social indicator model, however, is presented as an alternative resource allocation model which may be used in lieu of or in the absence of statewide survey. The resource allocation algorithms found on these four conceptualizations are thought to be more equitable and appropriate to the prevention needs of various communities than may be contrived otherwise. Due to a significant amount of information leading to the development of these models, Part 1 of this series is devoted to the following three topics: 1) sampling method used, 2) poststratification weighting methods used to estimate county-based COMDRUG, and 3) the development of resource allocation models based on COMDRUG and the IOM definitions of prevention target populations.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1986

Effects of Florida's Personal Fitness Course on cognitive, attitudinal and physical fitness measures of secondary students: a pilot study.

The effects of Florida's Personal Fitness Course were studied on 60 secondary students' cognitive achievement, physical fitness, and attitude toward physical activity. Significant improvement in knowledge of fitness concepts, selected physical fitness parameters, and over-all attitude toward participation in physical activity suggests the course was effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Direct and maternal genetic effects due to the introduction of Bos taurus alleles into Brahman cattle in Florida: II. Preweaning growth traits.

Records of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) and condition score (CS) from 1,467 Brahman and Brahman X Angus crossbred calves from Brahman and crossbred Brahman sires and Brahman, crossbred Brahman and Angus dams were collected at the Subtropical Agricultural Research Station, Brooksville, Florida, from 1971 to 1982. Best linear unbiased estimates (BLUE) of Brahman sire and dam group additive genetic effects (as deviations from Angus) and Brahman X Angus dam and calf group nonadditive (intralocus) genetic effects (as deviations from intralocus group genetic effects in the parental breeds) were obtained. Linear combinations of these were used to compute direct and maternal Brahman additive and Brahman X Angus nonadditive (intralocus) group genetic effects. The respective BLUE of these four effects were 5.99 +/- 2.08, -5.70 +/- 1.91, .52 +/- 1.81 and 2.85 +/- .72 kg for BW; 9.60 +/- 10.29, 8.76 +/- 9.47, 9.47 +/- 8.96 and 20.95 +/- 3.56 kg for WW; and -1.10 +/- .55, 1.64 +/- .50, 1.47 +/- .47 and .05 +/- .19 units for CS. Linear combinations of the BLUE of sire, dam and calf group genetic effects can be used to predict the genetic worth of crossbred groups composed of any combination of Brahman and Angus breeding. Nonadditive maternal group genetic effects were the most important factor for BW and WW, whereas nonadditive direct group genetic effects were the most important for CS.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Reproductive and maternal performance of rotational three-breed, and inter se crossbred cows in Florida.

Reproductive, calf growth, and cow weight data were collected during a 16-yr period in southern Florida. Data included 1,767 calves at weaning from purebred, F1, backcross, F2, and three-breed crossbred cows of the Angus (A), Brahman (B), and Charolais (C) breeds. The purebred cows primarily produced purebred calves, the F1 and F2 Cows produced inter se crossbred calves, and the backcross cows produced 3/8:5/8 calves. The 1/2 C:1/4 A:1/4 B three-breed crossbred cows were mated to A series, whereas three-breed crossbred dams with breed compositions of 1/2 B:1/4 A:1/4 C, and 1/2 A:1/4 B:1/4 C were mated to C and B sires, respectively. For analysis of additive breed and heterosis effects, pregnancy rate and cow weight were considered to be traits of the dam alone. The A additive breed effect increased (P < .05) pregnancy rate but reduced (P < .001) cow weight. The effects of AB, AC, and BC heterozygosity all increased pregnancy rate, but the advantage was greater for the crosses that involved B. Both AB and BC heterozygosity increased (P < .001) cow weight, whereas AC did not. The additive direct effect of B and C increased birth weight (BWT) and weaning weight (WWT). The additive maternal effect of B reduced BWT. The direct effect of AB heterozygosity increased BWT and WWT, and that of BC increased only WWT (P < .001). A comparable pattern was observed for maternal heterosis on weight traits. A much smaller effect of AC maternal heterosis on WWT was found. Pregnancy rates of F1, backcross, and three-breed dams were similar.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Heat tolerance in Tuli-, Senepol-, and Brahman-sired F1 Angus heifers in Florida.

We investigated heat tolerance and growth rate in two trials under ambient conditions in central Florida. Trial 1 (1994) involved 38 Brahman (B), 21 Senepol (S), 19 B x Angus (A), 20 S x A, and 20 Tuli (T) x A heifers. Trial 2 (1995) involved 13 A, 35 B, 30 S, 23 B x A, 17 S x A, and 28 T x A heifers. Measurements were made on three consecutive weeks during the hotter and cooler seasons of each year and included rectal temperature (RT, degrees C), respiration rate (RR, bpm), temperament score (TS; 1 = very docile, 5 = very aggressive), blood packed-cell volume (PCV), and plasma cortisol concentration (CORT). Data for RT were transformed (log10 [RT - 37]) before analysis. On the hottest date in Trial 1, log10 RT was not different between B (.39 +/- .011) and B x A (.37 +/- .016) or between T x A (.35 +/- .015) and B x A, but log10 RT was lower (P < .05) in S x A (.30 +/- .015) than in either S (.35 +/- .015) or T x A. On all dates in Trial 1, RR was lower (P < .05 to .001) and PCV was higher (P < .05 to .001) in B than in B x A. There were few differences in TS except on two dates when B scored higher (P < .01 to .001) than B x A, and these differences were associated with higher (P < .05) CORT in B than in B x A. Using initial BW as a covariate, adjusted ADG (kg) of T x A (.52 +/- .023) was not different from adjusted ADG of B x A (.57 +/- .024) or S x A (.54 +/- .023). On the hottest date in Trial 2, log10 RT and RR were higher (P < .001) in A (.59 +/- .017, 74 +/- 2.7) than in B (.47 +/- .010, 39 +/- 1.6), S (.42 +/- .011, 50 +/- 1.8), and crossbred heifers (.47 +/- .011, 60 +/- 1.8; .43 +/- .014, 55 +/- 2.4; and .50 +/- .012, 48 +/- 2.0 for T x A, S x A and B x A, respectively), and RR was higher (P < .001) in B x A than in B. On the coolest date in Trial 2, RR was slightly lower in B (32 +/- .5) than in A(34 +/- .7, P < .01) and B x A (36 +/- .6, P < .001) and was associated with higher PCV in B than in A. On both dates, TS and CORT were higher (P < .01) in B than in A. In Trial 2, adjusted ADG (kg) was higher (P < .01) in B (.43 +/- .017) than in A (.32 +/- .033), higher (P < .001) in S (.45 +/- .018) than in A, and higher (P < .001) in crossbreds (B x A [.53 +/- .023] + S x A [.44 +/- .025] + T x A [.46 +/- .019]) than in A. These data indicate that heat tolerance in F1 crosses of tropically adapted breeds (Tuli, Senepol, Brahman) with a temperate breed (Angus) is similar to heat tolerance displayed by purebred tropical breeds (Senepol, Brahman).

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

Evaluating the nutritional status of beef cattle herds from four soil order regions of Florida. I. Macroelements, protein, carotene, vitamins A and E, hemoglobin and hematocrit.

The nutrient status of grazing beef cattle from four selected soil order regions of Florida was examined. Liver, blood, hair and feces samples from 14 heifers and 14 cows, plus forage samples, were collected during two periods of the year from nine ranches located in four different regions. Soil samples were collected during one period. The soil order regions were the Histosol (southeast), Spodosol (southwest), Entisol (central) and Ultisol (northwest). Mean forage P values were higher (P less than .05) in the wet season, while mean hair P levels were higher (P less than .05) during the dry season. Mean forage, plasma, liver and hair Mg values were higher (P less than .05) in the wet season. Plasma vitamin E, liver vitamin A and forage carotene levels were higher (P less than .05) during the wet season. Mean forage P content was deficient (less than .25%) during both seasons and varied from .10% in the dry season to .16% during the wet season. Mean forage Mg (less than .18%) and K (less than .60%) concentrations were deficient in the dry season. Forage protein was deficient (less than 7.0%) in five of seven ranches during the dry season. Extractable soil Ca, exchangeable soil Ca, Mn, Al, H+, soil organic matter and effective cation exchange capacity were higher (P less than .05) in the Histosol region. Extractable soil K was low (60 ppm) in all regions, except the northwest. Forage P was critical (less than .25%) during the dry season in all regions and varied from .08 to .15%, while plasma P was deficient (4.5 mg/100 ml) in animals from the southeast during the dry season only.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Evaluating the nutritional status of beef cattle herds from four soil order regions of Florida. II. Trace minerals.

An experiment was conducted to determine the trace mineral status of grazing cattle from four selected soil type regions in Florida. Animal tissue, forage and soil samples were collected during the wet (September-October) and dry (February-March) seasons from nine ranches located in four different regions. On the basis of reported critical forage levels, mean forage Co (less than .1 ppm), Zn (less than 30 ppm) and Se (less than .1 ppm) and liver and hair Se (less than .25 ppm), were low during both seasons. Soil Se (less than .50 ppm) and extractable soil Zn (less than 1.5 ppm) were low in all regions except the southeast. Mean forage Se was low in all regions. Of all animals studied in the wet season, 36 and 32% had low liver Cu (less than 75 ppm) and Se (less than .25 ppm) concentrations, respectively. In the dry season, 20 and 39% of the animals had low liver Cu and Se concentrations, respectively. Hair Se was low (less than .25 ppm) in 90% of the samples during the wet season and in 100% during the dry season. During the wet season, forage Zn, Mn, Co and Se were low in 89, 26, 63 and 84% of the samples, respectively, while extractable (double acid) Zn, Mn, Co and total Se were low in 57, 79, 63 and 100% of the soils, respectively. In the dry season, 80, 20, 40 and 80% of forages were low in Zn, Mn, Co and Se, respectively. Of the seven trace minerals studied, Se and Zn are most likely to be deficient, with Co and Cu insufficiency probable in selected areas.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Mosquito production from four constructed treatment wetlands in peninsular Florida.

Several techniques were used to sample adult and immature mosquitoes in 4 constructed treatment wetlands in Florida. Adults of 19 species (7 genera) of mosquitoes were collected, and immatures of the most abundant species and of 60% of all species also were collected. Few significant differences between sites and stations in the numbers of mosquitoes collected were discovered. Culex nigripalpus Theobald was the most abundant mosquito found in adult (carbon dioxide-baited suction traps) and ovitrap collections, whereas Mansonia spp. and Uranotaenia spp. were most common in pump-dip-grab samples. The roles of rooted and floating vegetation and of water quality in determining mosquito production from these areas are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Pregnancy rates and milk production in natural service and artificially inseminated dairy herds in Florida and Georgia.

Effects of artificial insemination (AI) and natural service (NS) breeding systems on pregnancy rates (PR) by stage of lactation, season, and changes in milk production over time were examined using lactation and herd DHIA records of Holstein cows in dairy herds located in Florida and Georgia. The reported genetic profile of service sires of the herd was used to determine the percentage of cows bred to natural service bulls (%NS). Two seasons were considered: winter (November-April) and summer (May-October) from 1995 to 2002 (16 periods). Herd-periods were assigned 1 of 3 breeding systems: AI (0 to 10% NS), mixed (11 to 89% NS) and NS (90 to 100% NS). Seventy percent of the herds used NS bulls as a component of their breeding system during the study period. The PR during winter (17.9%) was greater than that during summer (9.0%). During winter, PR for AI herds (17.9%) did not differ from that for mixed (17.8%) and NS herds (18.0%). During summer, PR for AI herds (8.1%) was slightly less than that for mixed (9.3%) and NS herds (9.8%). During winter, PR for cows at 71 to 91 d, 92 to 112 d, and 113 to 133 d in milk were 1.4% lower for mixed herds compared with AI and NS. Pregnancy rate for NS herds was 2.6% lower during late lactation compared with AI and mixed herds. During summer, PR for cows at 71 to 91 and 92 to 112 d in milk were 2.6 and 1.8% greater, respectively, for NS herds compared with AI. However, from 260 to 364 d in milk, PR for NS herds was less than that for AI and mixed herds. No significant interaction was detected between breeding system and lactation number. Rolling herd average milk production during the study period was less in the NS herds (7180 kg) compared with AI (8513 kg) and mixed herds (8176 kg), but the annual change in milk production was not different among breeding systems. The results indicated that use of NS bulls did not result in meaningful disadvantages in terms of PR and changes in milk production over time.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Trends and seasonality of reproductive performance in Florida and Georgia dairy herds from 1976 to 2002.

Trends in reproductive performance from 1976 to 2002 were studied for dairy farms located in Florida and Georgia using 2,897,517 Dairy Herd Improvement Association lactation records of Holstein cows. One-half of the 1552 herds in the final edited records had measures for at least 8 yr. Measures of reproductive performance changed significantly over time. Days to first service increased from a low of 84 d in 1983 to 104 d in 2001. Cows that calved during spring had 9.2 (1983) to 33.2 (1999) more days to first service than cows that calved during fall. Annual pregnancy rates (PR) for 71 to 364 d since last calving (DSC; PR(71-364)) decreased from 21.6% in 1977 to 1979, to 12% in 2000 to 2002. The greatest PR(71-364) was observed during winter and the lowest during summer (15.8 vs. 5.6% in 2002, respectively). The absolute difference between PR(71-364) during winter and summer remained similar over time at 11 percentage units. Pregnancy rates in the early stages since calving (71 to 133 d) showed greater decreases over time than PR in the later stages since calving. From 1998 to 2002, PR in the later stages since calving (134 to 364 d) was on average 11.5%. Pregnancy rate from 71 to 133 DSC remained greater (13.4%). In the winter, the decrease in PR(71-364) was primarily due to a large decrease in PR(71-91). Average days to conception increased from a low of 121 in 1982 to a high of 167 in 1998. The average difference between cows that calved during spring and fall increased from 22 d in 1976 to 47.5 d in 1986, but remained constant at 39.1 d from 1985. Average calving interval increased from 399 d in 1976 to 429 d in 2000. Average days dry between 1976 and 2001 remained similar at 69 d. Days to culling of nonpregnant cows after 182 DSC increased from 341 in 1983 to 415 in 1998. Season of calving had no clear association with average days to culling. The last milk yield recorded less than 1 mo before culling of nonpregnant cows after 182 DSC decreased by DSC to approximately 1 yr since calving, after which it remained constant at an average of 12.3 kg/d. The last known milk yield of cows culled during spring was 1.6 kg/d greater than those culled during fall. This difference did not significantly change over time. Increases in actual 305-d herd milk production were associated with increased days to first service, days to conception, and calving interval, but also with increased PR(71-364). Herd size did not have a clear association with reproductive efficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Genetic parameters for yield and reproductive traits of Holstein and Jersey cattle in Florida.

Records of yield and reproduction from 4293 Holstein and 2143 Jersey first lactation cows from eight Holstein and six Jersey herds were utilized to evaluate genetic parameters for Florida, a subtropical environment. Statistical analyses were by derivative-free REML with the animal model. Genetic variances were based on variation in estimated breeding values of individual cows. Heritabilities were .27 to .43 for yields (6 estimates), .38 to .51 for constituent percentages (4 estimates), and .025 to .056 for reproduction (6 estimates), which were similar to estimates for temperature areas from similar procedures. Also, correlations of breeding values between yields were high and between yields and reproduction were low and generally antagonistic. Correlated responses in calving interval from selection for yield, with selection intensities of 1.0 to 1.5, would be expected to lead to increases of 1.0 to 5.2 d per generation (12 estimates). Thus, estimates of genetic parameters and correlated responses in this subtropical environment did not differ appreciably from those that occur in temperate dairy areas.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

First case of bioterrorism-related inhalational anthrax, Florida, 2001: North Carolina investigation.

The index case of inhalational anthrax in October 2001 was in a man who lived and worked in Florida. However, during the 3 days before illness onset, the patient had traveled through North Carolina, raising the possibility that exposure to Bacillus anthracis spores could have occurred there. The rapid response in North Carolina included surveillance among hospital intensive-care units, microbiology laboratories, medical examiners, and veterinarians, and site investigations at locations visited by the index patient to identify the naturally occurring or bioterrorism-related source of his exposure.

Anthrax↗
PubMed2004

Seasonal forecast of St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission, Florida.

Disease transmission forecasts can help minimize human and domestic animal health risks by indicating where disease control and prevention efforts should be focused. For disease systems in which weather-related variables affect pathogen proliferation, dispersal, or transmission, the potential for disease forecasting exists. We present a seasonal forecast of St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission in Indian River County, Florida. We derive an empiric relationship between modeled land surface wetness and levels of SLEV transmission in humans. We then use these data to forecast SLEV transmission with a seasonal lead. Forecast skill is demonstrated, and a real-time seasonal forecast of epidemic SLEV transmission is presented. This study demonstrates how weather and climate forecast skill-verification analyses may be applied to test the predictability of an empiric disease forecast model.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Parastrongylus cantonensis in a nonhuman primate, Florida.

Parastrongylus (= Angiostrongylus) cantonensis is a parasitic nematode of Norway rats throughout tropical regions. This parasite is neurotropic and causes disease and death in humans and other mammals. We report the first identification of P. cantonensis as the cause of a debilitating neurologic disease in a captive primate in Florida.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗