Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FAMILY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Associations of paternal involvement in disease management with maternal and family outcomes in families with children with chronic illness.

OBJECTIVE: The role of fathers in pediatric disease management and its associations with family functioning have rarely been the focus of empirical study. In this study, we used the Dads Active Disease Support scale (DADS), a measure of the amount and helpfulness of paternal involvement in pediatric disease management, to explore the association between father involvement and other aspects of family functioning. METHOD: A sample of 190 heterosexual couples completed the DADS and measures of maternal, marital, and family functioning. RESULTS: Maternal report of higher ratings on DADS Helpfulness scale was associated with fewer self-reported maternal psychiatric symptoms and less perceived impact of the disease on family functioning. Both mothers' and fathers' reports indicated that more paternal involvement was related to more favorable outcomes in marital satisfaction and family functioning. CONCLUSIONS: More paternal involvement in disease management was associated with healthier maternal, marital, and family functioning. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether paternal involvement is likely to be a fruitful target for psychological intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Observation of family functioning at mealtime: a comparison between families of children with and without overweight.

OBJECTIVE: To examine differences between families of children with and without overweight on parental control and support. METHODS: Twenty-eight families with an overweight child and a control group of 28 families with a normal weight child (age range 7-13 years) participated in the study. Observations and self-reports of mealtime family functioning were administered and analyzed. RESULTS: Parents of children with overweight reported to exert more control on their children's feeding behavior and an equal amount of parental support in comparison with parents of children without overweight. However, observations at mealtime indicated that in families with an overweight child, maladaptive control strategies were twice as prevalent, and less parental support was displayed. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reports and observations provide complementary information on how parents interact with their overweight children. Family-based treatment programs should include discussions on the adequate amount of parental control and support.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Association between clinical experiences in family practice or in primary care and the percentage of graduates entering family practice residencies.

In 1990 the authors surveyed all U.S. medical schools in order to solicit information about students' clinical experiences in family practice and in primary care. Of 126 schools, 104 (82.5%) responded. Survey data were correlated with each school's quartile ranking based on the average percentage of graduates who entered family practice residencies. A significant association (p = .0013) was found between required family practice clerkships or preceptorships and institutions ranked in the highest quartile (i.e., having more than 17% of their graduates enter family practice). A similarly significant association (p = .0056) was found for those 12 institutions that had more than 30% of their students select family practice options in required primary care clerkships or preceptorships. The authors suggest that active recruiting of students to take such options may increase the number of graduates who enter family practice.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1995

Home visitation to migrant farm worker families: an application of Zerwekh's family caregiving model for public health nursing.

Zerwekh's family caregiving model incorporates holistic care concepts as intervention strategies for vulnerable families. It is a model that can be taught to nurses when the practice arena involves family care. The article describes the use of Zerwekh's family caregiving competencies by novice nurses (ie, 13 final semester nursing students) in their home visits to migrant farm worker families. A qualitative analysis of data derived through written narratives focuses on Zerwekh's three basic competencies of locating families, building trust, and building strength and on the encompassing competencies of timing and detecting.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Familial resemblance for VO2max in the sedentary state: the HERITAGE family study.

This study investigates the familial resemblance of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) based on data from 86 nuclear families of Caucasian descent participating in the HERITAGE Family Study. In the current study, VO2max was measured twice on a cycle ergometer in 429 sedentary individuals (170 parents and 259 of their offspring), aged between 16 and 65 yr. The VO2max was adjusted by regression procedures for the effects of 1) age and sex; 2) age, sex, and body mass; and 3) age, sex, body mass, fat mass, and fat-free mass, as determined by underwater weighing. Evidence for significant familial resemblance was observed for each of the three VO2max phenotypes. Spouse, sibling, and parent-offspring correlations were significant, suggesting that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the familial resemblance for VO2max. Maximal heritability estimates were at least 50%, a value inflated to an undetermined degree by nongenetic factors. The hypothesis of maternal inheritance, with the father's contribution being environmental, was also found to fit the data with estimates of maternal heritability, potentially associated in part with mitochondrial inheritance, reaching about 30%. These results suggest that genetic and nongenetic factors as well as maternal influences contribute to the familial aggregation of VO2max in sedentary individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Family partnership intervention: a guide for a family approach to care of patients with heart failure.

While family focused care is recommended in standards of care for heart failure (HF), little data exist to guide the structure, content, and delivery of family care. The purpose of this article is to describe what is known about the impact of HF, and to examine a family based approach to improve self-management and adherence in HF. A scientific and theoretical background was used to formulate a family based approach to HF care, the Family Partnership Intervention (FPI), and to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to family members and HF patients. The components of the intervention are described as well as examples of how it was used. Lessons learned in implementing the intervention during a pilot study are addressed.

Caregivers↗
PubMed1999

A gene family in Mycoplasma imitans closely related to the pMGA family of Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

The avian pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum possesses a large gene family encoding lipoproteins which function as haemagglutinins. Representative species of the pneumoniae phylogenetic group of mycoplasmas were examined for the presence of genes homologous to members of this multigene family. Antisera against the pMGA1.1 lipoprotein recognized a 35 kDa protein in Mycoplasma imitans, but did not recognize proteins of Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pirum, Mycoplasma penetrans of Mycoplasma iowae in Western blots. A fragment of the pMGA 1.2 gene and oligonucleotide probes complementary to highly conserved coding and non-coding regions of pMGA genes bound to fragments of genomic DNA of M. imitans, but not to the genomes of M. genitalium, M. pneumoniae, M. pirum or M. penetrans, and only one probe bound to a fragment of the M. iowae genome. One homologue of the pMGA genes was amplified from the M. imitans genome by PCR and used as a probe to clone a 3.1 kbp DNA fragment from a library of HindIII-digested M. imitans genomic DNA. The contiguous DNA sequence of the PCR and HindIII clones was predicted to encode one complete and one partial ORF which shared some peptide sequence identity with the pMGA genes, including the signal peptidase II cleavage site and the proline-rich amino-terminal region. Like the pMGA genes, the M. imitans genes were found to be members of a large gene family, with an association with GAA trinucleotide repeats, a feature which distinguishes these two families from the homologous vlhA gene family in Mycoplasma synoviae. The identification of these gene families in three phylogenetically distinct avian mycoplasma species, but not in human mycoplasmas, suggests their horizontal transfer between species infecting the same host.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

The familial aggregation of the lesser variant in biological and nonbiological relatives of PDD probands: a family history study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of the lesser variant (or PDD-like traits) in the biological and nonbiological second- and third-degree relatives of PDD probands using a screening questionnaire and to investigate the extent to which the risk of the lesser variant differs according to various characteristics of the proband. METHOD: The sample consists of a series of 34 nuclear families with 2 affected PDD children (multiplex, MPX), 44 families with a single PDD child (simplex, SPX), and 14 families who adopted a PDD child. Data on characteristics of the lesser variant in 1362 biological and 337 nonbiological second- and third-degree relatives were collected from parents by telephone interview and from several maternal and paternal relatives by questionnaire. RESULTS: All components of the lesser variant were more common in biological relatives (BR) than nonbiological relatives (NBR), confirming the familial aggregation of the traits. Proband characteristics associated with an increased risk of the lesser variant in relatives were a higher level of functioning and coming from a MPX family. CONCLUSIONS: These findings on the familial aggregation of the lesser variant suggest that the genes for PDD also confer susceptibility to the lesser variant and that PDD may be a genetically heterogeneous disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Bulimic and non-bulimic college females' perceptions of family adaptability and family cohesion.

Bulimia appears to be increasing among young women of middle to upper socioeconomic status. Although the aetiology of bulimia syndrome is not fully understood, family functioning patterns are thought to contribute to development of the disorder. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported bulimic behaviour in female college students and their perceptions of family adaptation and family cohesion levels. A sample of 308 subjects from three social sororities at the University of Missouri-Columbia completed a demographic questionnaire, the Bulimic Test (BULIT) and the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Evaluation Scale (FACES III). Twenty subjects were found to be bulimic, 21 incipient, and 267 non-bulimic. Analysis of data using the chi-square test resulted in a statistically significant relationship between self-reported bulimia and perceptions of family cohesion. No significant relationship was found between self-reported bulimia and family adaptation. Implications for nursing practice are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2006

15q duplication associated with autism in a multiplex family with a familial cryptic translocation t(14;15)(q11.2;q13.3) detected using array-CGH.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic aetiology. In approximately 1% of cases, duplication of the 15q11-13 region has been reported. We report the clinical, array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and cytogenetic evaluation of two individuals from a multiplex family demonstrating autism due to a maternally inherited gain of 15q11-13. Our findings indicate that unlike most 15q11-13 gains, which are caused by interstitial duplication of this region or supernumerary marker chromosomes deriving from proximal 15q, the 15q gain in this family is the result of abnormal segregation of a cryptic familial translocation with breakpoints at 14q11.2 and 15q13.3. The affected members of this family were found to have a normal karyotype at >550 band resolution. This translocation was identified using the 1-Mb resolution whole genome array (Spectral Genomics). The affected individuals have a gain of seven clones from proximal 15q, a loss of two clones from proximal 14q and a gain of two clones from 6q. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with clones from chromosomes 14 and 15, combined with DAPI reverse banding, showed an abnormal karyotype with one normal chromosome 15 and the der(15) t(14;15)(q11.2.;q13.3), resulting in the gain of proximal 15q and the loss of proximal 14q in affected individuals. The duplication of two clones from 6q in the affected subjects was also found in unaffected members of the family. Our findings suggest that the gain of 15q in autism may in some cases be due to cryptic translocations with breakpoints in the pericentromic regions of chromosome 15 and a different acrocentric chromosome. Variation in the size of pericentromic regions of any acrocentric chromosome may justify karyotype and FISH studies of autistic probands and their parents using probes from the 15q proximal region to determine recurrence risk for autism in some families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The Family System Test: differences in perception of family structures between nonclinical and clinical children.

Nonclinical respondents and psychiatric outpatients (N = 400) between the first and twelfth grades portrayed their families as they perceived them in typical and in conflict situations using the Family System Test (FAST), a figure placement technique that focuses on cohesion and hierarchy in the family. Results showed that typical representations were influenced by whether a respondent was a patient or not, but not by the type of mental disorder. Clinical respondents were less likely to represent their families as being either cohesive, moderately hierarchical or as having clear generational boundaries. In conflict representations, both clinical and nonclinical respondents indicated low cohesion in family patterns. Results were interpreted from a family systems approach as well as from a clinical perspective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Family rituals a powerful tool in family therapy.

The use of systemic models in family therapy obliged our team to devise therapeutic tasks involving the entire family. Among these, one was found to be extremely effective: the prescribing of a family ritual. This article gives details of on such example aimed at the destruction of a myth that had been created by three generations of a family. In order that the reader may have a adequate understanding of this ritual, were shall fully describe the story of the family and of the transgenerational evolution of this myth. In the description of the treatment of the family, certain errors were made by the therapists that will come to light-errors that, as usual, were far more instructive than the actual successes. Eventually, it was the very understanding of these errors and their repercussions that led us to the successful prescription of the ritual. Finally, detailed analysis of the substance and aim of the ritual will illustrate and explain exactly what we mean by the term ritual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Do better trainees make worse family therapists? A followup study of client families.

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of training on family therapy outcome and to validate measures of cognitive/perceptual and executive skills. Followup data on family satisfaction were obtained from 176 individuals (73 families) treated by 12 trainee family therapists in their first or second year of training. The prediction that clients' scores on a scale of family satisfaction with therapy (FSS) would increase with training was not confirmed. Instead, there was a tendency for FSS scores to decrease with training. However, trainees' ratings of outcome did increase significantly as training progressed. Cognitive/perceptual and executive skill measures were not validated by the FSS, but negative associations indicated a tendency for trainees with high course-skills to receive poor FSS scores. The results suggest that trainees became more confident as they acquired technical skills, but that they put aside their nonspecific therapist skills as training progressed, to the dissatisfaction of families.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The family Re-Union initiative: a springboard for family-centered community building, locally and nationally.

Family Re-Union is an ongoing conference series and family policy initiative launched in 1992 by Al and Tipper Gore. It has been the springboard for a new wave of family-centered community building efforts, including the development of an educational program to prepare a new generation of community builders. We summarize the history of this family-centered community building movement and discuss how it builds upon and differs from earlier approaches to community development. We describe Family Re-Union and some of the ongoing work it has fueled. And we suggest ways family professionals can take part in this work.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed2004

The heart of the matter 2: integration of ecosystemic family therapy practices with systems of care mental health services for children and families.

Many children in this country do not receive the mental health care they need. At the same time, a nationwide movement known as systems of care is providing innovative services for families and children. This article links the ideas inherent in systems of care with ecosystemic family therapy principles and practices. Based on a study of nine innovative systems of care pilot projects in Massachusetts, it describes how these innovative programs, and others like them, have been most successful in increasing access to services and providing for coordinated services. They have been less successful in accomplishing positive clinical and functional outcomes. Change in these systems is often described in terms of how services are provided. Not enough attention is given to the conversations that take place between families and case coordinators and how these conversations lead to long-term change. This article contends that the ways in which services are delivered in these systems of care fit well with ecosystemic family therapy principles and practices. We, as family therapists, have an opportunity to link these two sets of ideas, which share common assumptions and values and increase the likelihood of positive clinical outcomes for children and families.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2001

Developing culturally competent marriage and family therapists: guidelines for working with Hispanic families.

As the Hispanic population of the United States continues to grow, so will the need for therapists who have been trained to work with Hispanic families. This content analysis of the available treatment literature generated several specific guidelines that can be used in training and evaluating culturally competent therapists. Guidelines included: Use family therapy, act as advocate for the family, assess immigration experience, assess acculturation, respect father, interview family subsystems separately, do not force changes, provide concrete suggestions, and warmly engage the family. Empirical and conceptual support for each guideline is discussed and several conclusions are made regarding culturally competent therapy with Hispanic families.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed1994

Transmission of the human polyomavirus JC virus occurs both within the family and outside the family.

JC polyomavirus (JCV) is a ubiquitous symbiote in the human population, infecting children asymptomatically and then persisting in renal tissue. We reevaluated the urinary excretion of JCV in subjects in various age groups using PCR. The detection rate for urinary JCV DNA was 9 to 17% until the age of 20 years; this rate increased dramatically to about 46% at the ages of 20 to 29 years and then increased gradually with age. Therefore, it appears that in most people excretion of JCV begins at the age of 20 to 29 years, which is earlier than suggested previously. Next, we studied the way in which JCV is spread in the human population. We selected eight Japanese families in which both parents and children excreted JCV in their urine. Their JCV subtypes were determined by PCR amplification of a JCV DNA fragment; this was followed by restriction enzyme analysis. JCV species in all JCV-positive family members were classified into either of the two subtypes, subtypes CY and MY, which are prevalent in the Japanese population. The following features of JCV subtype distribution were seen in the families: (i) both subtypes were detected in children of five of the eight families, and (ii) of 21 children who excreted JCV, 14 children excreted the same subtypes excreted by their mothers or fathers, while the remainder (7 children) excreted subtypes different from those excreted by their parents. These features suggest that JCV is transmitted both within the family and outside the family. The data also indicate that vertical transmission is not common in the spread of JCV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Exclusion of the familial Mediterranean fever locus as a susceptibility region for autosomal dominant familial Hibernian fever.

Autosomal dominant periodic fevers constitute a range of syndromes characterised by recurrent attacks of fever and abdominal pain. Familial Hibernian fever (FHF) has been described in only one United Kingdom based family, but two other Irish families have been found with similar clinical features. FHF resembles familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in several clinical features, but the mode of inheritance of FHF is dominant whereas FMF is recessive. We have investigated whether autosomal dominant periodic fevers, in particular FHF, map to the FMF susceptibility locus (MEFV) on chromosome 16p13.3. We have used informative microsatellite markers flanking this locus to genotype members of the three families mentioned above. Two point and multipoint lod scores definitively excluded linkage to MEFV in the two larger families. A haplotype study confirmed these findings, indicating that FHF is genotypically as well as phenotypically distinct from FMF.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16↗