Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ENTEROBACTERIACEAE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Behavior of antibodies against Enterobacteriaceae common antigen in the serum and colostrum of sows immunized with Escherichia coli].

Specific anti-O E. coli and anti-CA (common antigen of Enterobacteriaceae) hemagglutinins were titrated in sera and colostrum of sows immunized against colibacillosis. Pregnant sows had been immunized with vaccines prepared in different ways on Escherichia coli 0115:K88 (pathogenetic strain in the environment of the farm) for 2-3 weeks before parturition. The vaccines were given orally--the suspension of living bacteria; intramuscularly--formaline killed E. coli 0115:K88 or extract obtained by treating the bacteria mass with EDTA buffer. Samples of sera and colostrum were taken 24 hours after parturition and were titrated by means of the passive hemagglutination test performed on plastic trays. With the increase of specific anti-O antibody, a simultaneous rise of anti CA antibody level was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Outbreak of amikacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in an intensive care nursery.

An outbreak of amikacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (KES) occurred in the Intensive Care Nursery (ICN) of the Louisville General Hospital from January 1978 through March 1978. Epidemic disease and an increased colonization rate in newborn infants due to amikacin-resistant microorganisms has not been documented previously. Three of the 11 neonates died. The organisms isolated were resistant to amikacin and two experimental aminoglycosides, sissomicin and netilmicin. The outbreak was contained following institution of several control measures, including pharyngeal inoculation of an experimental strain of alpha streptococcus in four infants.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1980

[Microcalorimetry in the taxonomy of some groups of Enterobacteriaceae].

The thermogenesis of 17 strains belonging to 12 species of the Enterobacteriaceae family was measured at 30 degrees C with an ampoule microcalorimeter. It was analyzed qualitatively (aspect of profiles) and quantitatively (total heat evolved, thermogenesis duration, maximum thermal power). The value of these criteria is discussed with respect to their discriminating value in the classification of bacteria. The information obtained may concur with the identification of species; it gives ground to reconsider actual phenotypes and genotypes and taxonomy generally.

Calorimetry↗
PubMed1980

[Formation of iron-binding metabolites by bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family].

The capacity of Enterobacteriaceae strains cultivated in a synthetic medium for the biosynthesis of catechols and hydroxamates has been studied. Among the strains under study all strains of the genera Salmonella (8 strains), Escherichia (102 strains), Citrobacter (5 strains), Enterobacter (2 strains), Serratia (1 strain) synthesize catechols. In the genus Shigella (128 strains) all Sh. flexneri serovars (79 strains) do not synthesize catechols, other representatives of this genus synthesize iron-fixing metabolites The synthesis of catecholsin the pathogenic Escherichia serovars is 1.5-2 times lower than in the non-pathogenic and opportunistic enterobacterial strains. Among the representatives of the genus Klebsiella (82 strains) catechols are synthesized by Kl. pneumoniae (68 strains) and not synthesized by kl. rhinoscleromatis (5 strains) and Kl. ozaenae (9 strains). Catechols are not synthesized also by all Proteus organisms under study (12 strains). All the enterobacteria under study show no capacity for the accumulation of hydroxamates under the conditions of catechol synthesis. The intensity of the synthesis of catechols depends on the composition of the medium and the conditions of cultivation.

Catechols↗
PubMed1980

[Antibiotic resistance and transfer in Enterobacteriaceae of avian origin].

Thirty-six specimens of feces were taken from as many chicken farms, from which 118 different strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated. The resistances of the single isolated bacteria were studied, performing plate sensitivity tests by the Kirby-Bauer method. The capacity of the bacteria under examination to transfer their antibiotic resistances in vitro to a sensitive E. coli strain (E. coli K 12 E 711 F--) was observed. A very high percentage of strains has shown resistance to one or more antibiotics (91%). However a much lesser number of strains were capable of transferring their antibiotic resistances (12.9%). It is suggestive, then, that the animals under examination do not represent an important source of antibiotic resistance diffusion to man.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of Micro-ID, for identification of Enterobacteriaceae.

Micro-ID system is a new identification kit for Enterobacteriaceae which provides the identification at the species level 4 hours after primary isolation. When compared with conventional biochemical tube media, micro-ID gave a 94% agreement. Comparison of Micro-ID with Api 20 E showed a 90% agreement. A comparison of all 3 systems showed that for 90% of the time, the isolates were named the same by the all systems.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

[A key for the determination of Enterobacteriaceae in routine- laboratories (author's transl)].

A determination-key is suggested, which can used for interpretation of "Bunte Reihe". In the first step seven reaction will tested (dextrose-gas-formation, acid-production from lactose, H2S-formation, urease-activity, indol-formation, motility, LDC-activity). The resulting pattern of reaction leads into a codenumber (Table 1). Table 2 shows a list with species/Genera for each pattern of reaction. Are two or more species in the ascertained codenumber, it is necessary to make further tests. They can have selected and interpreted by using table 3 (second step). The main advantages in use of this two-step determination-key for Enterobacteriaceae are: 1. By selection of a higher confidence level as used in most other determination-tables, together with coding the pattern of reaction, the interpretation of "Bunte Reihe" is easy. 2. Subjective and objective errors by interpretation of reactions will prevented. 3. For single reaction is fixed a time up to two days. In comparison with many other methods it brings a shortening of differentiation time in most cases. 4. It isn't necessary to buy an expensive commercial diagnostic-system. The usual "Bunte Reihe" media can used successfull. 5. Because of elimination of subjective interpretation it is possible to compare the results of laboratories, which works by using this determination-key.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recent proposals for nomenclature and classification of Enterobacteriaceae].

The authors review recent proposals concerning the taxonomy and nomenclature of Enterobacteriaceae, underlining the differences with respect to the classification in Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th edition. The comments are accompanied by tables showing the various more practical tests used for differentiating the taxonomic groups up to species levels.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1981

Aminoglycoside resistance among isolates of nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae.

Fifty-seven gentamicin-resistant isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, obtained from patients attending hospital, were examined for the production of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Of the 51 strains producing such enzymes, 34 were presumptively plasmid-mediated as indicated by conjugation experiments.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

[Quantitative and species composition of conditionally-pathogenic microorganisms of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in healthy subjects and intestinal dysbacteriosis].

The spread and quantitative content of opportunistic microorganisms belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in clinically healthy persons and in somatic patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis were studied. Opportunistic enterobacteria were shown to be widely spread in healthy persons (K. pneumoniae in 45%, Citrobacter in 44%, E. aerogenes in 17%, E. cloaceae in 11%). In clinically healthy persons most of these cultures (72.3%) were detected in an amount not exceeding 1 X 10(4) organisms per 1 g of feces, while in patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis opportunistic enterobacteria were detected in most cases (70.9%) in an amount of 1 X 10(5)--1 X 10(8) organisms per 1 g of feces. The results of this study suggest that the presence of the opportunistic enterobacteria K. pneumoniae, Citrobacter, E. aerogenes and E. cloaceae in an amount not exceeding 1 X 10(4) organisms per 1 g of feces is normal for healthy persons, while the increase of their presence in the intestine to 1 X 10(6)--1 X 10(8) is indicative of intestinal dysbacteriosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

[In vitro antibacterial activity of piperacillin-tazobactam in combination with netilmicin or amikacin against Enterobacteriaceae resistant to amoxicillin].

The antibacterial in vitro activity of piperacillin and tazobactam (in a concentration ratio of 8/1) was studied in combination with netilmicin or amikacin by a microtiter checkerboard assay against 162 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. These strains were selected for their resistance pattern to beta-lactam antibiotics and their beta-lactamases were characterized by the mean of isoelectric focusing in comparison with reference strains. A comparison of the MICs of piperacillin, alone and in combination, assessed the efficacy of tazobactam as beta-lactamase inhibitor, particularly when a TEM-1 beta-lactamase was produced. When the strains were sensitive to the aminoglycosides (111 netilmicin-sensitive ones and 131 amikacin-sensitive ones), we observed 55% of synergistic effects and 45% of additions with the combinations piperacillin-tazobactam-netilmicin or amikacin. A synergistic effect was usually encountered with P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, M. morganii and with the strains of E. coli, E. cloacae and S. marcescens which produced a cephalosporinase only. Among the 51 strains that were intermediate or resistant to netilmicin, 8 ones were inhibited by piperacillin-tazobactam-netilmicin at therapeutic levels (3 synergisms, 5 additions). Among the 31 strains that were intermediate or resistant to amikacin, 24 ones (18 synergisms, 6 additions) were inhibited by piperacillin-tazobactam-amikacin at therapeutic concentrations. In most of the cases, the combination of piperacillin-tazobactam with an aminoglycoside enhanced the antibacterial activity of these agents by decreasing the concentrations necessary to inhibit the strains.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1994

Antimicrobial activity of beta-lactams against multiresistant micro-organisms from the family Enterobacteriaceae, and genus Pseudomonas.

The antimicrobial activity of twenty beta-lactams was determined against multiresistant micro-organisms from the Enterobacteriaceae family (450) and the genus Pseudomonas (90). The antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by the disk diffusion method. The most effective antibiotics were cephalosporins of the second and third generation, and non-classical beta-lactams (imipenem and moxalactam). A pronounced resistance was found to carbenicillin, ampicillin, cephalotin and cefazolin. These resistance patterns corresponded to a high consumption of these antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation of acetoin and valine in Enterobacteriaceae cultures on media with glucose and glycerin].

The ratio between acetoin and valine produced by the cultures of the family Enterobacteriaceae changes upon the addition of glucose and glycerol or their mixture to a defined medium. The experiments were carried out with 12 strains of Aerobacter aerogenes and 2 strains of Aerobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens. The highest yield of acetoin was found on the medium with glucose (12.5--13.0 g/litre); the maximum accumulation of valine was registered on the medium with glucose and glycerol (1.8--4.8 g/litre). The presence of glycerol in the medium decreased the production of acetoin by 27--85 percent compared to that on the glucose-mineral medium.

Acetoin↗
PubMed1994

Multiple antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella spp. and other Enterobacteriaceae isolated in Singapore.

A common pattern of multiple antibiotic resistance has been noted in bacteria isolated from Singaporean patients. The resistance pattern includes: ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime and other third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, gentamicin and other aminoglycosides. The bacterial species implicated are Klebsiellas and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae. Preliminary laboratory investigation with a disk-diffusion augmentation test suggests the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. A retrospective study of laboratory blood culture records shows a rising incidence of resistance in Klebsiella spp. since 1985. Antimicrobial susceptibility results suggest a high degree of co-transfer of aminoglycoside resistance. The high frequency of this type of multiple antibiotic resistance should result in greater caution in the selection of presumptive antibiotic therapy for septicaemia, in order to avoid treatment failure and further selection of resistant strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Gentamycin resistant Enterobacteriaceae at a neonatal care unit].

A case of septicaemia in a seven-day-old infant with a gentamicin-resistant strain of Enterobacter cloacae prompted an epidemiological survey in a neonatal unit. Another 18 patients harboured gentamicin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae without symptoms. Control of the outbreak was achieved by cohort nursing, strict hygiene and reduction of aminoglycoside consumption by 50%. Efficiency of the measures was monitored by weekly faecal samples from all patients. All strains produced the aminoglycoside modifying enzyme AAC(3)II. The resistance was plasmid-mediated.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative studies with the rapid KCN-test for Enterobacteriaceae according to Cahan, Sechter and Ohad (author's transl)].

581 strains of Enterobacteriaceae (184 of Salmonella, 100 of Shigella, 31 of Citrobacter freundii, 61 of Escherichia coli, 40 of Klebsiella, 165 of Proteus) were investigated in comparison with the KCN-test according to Møller and with the rapid KCN-test according to Cahan, Sechter and Ohad. There was found that the results obtained with both methods were identical to 99 percent. In both tests there could be observed that inexplicable differences occur only in two strains of Proteus mirabilis. The rapid KCN-test can be recommended because of the good durability of the basic medium and of the solutions of the reagents, because of the short testing time (3 h), of the very good correspondence of the results and of the possibility of a well defined reading.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of beta-lactamase production and enzyme profiles in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in Moldova.

In our study, out of 449 Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated between 1985 and 1990, 16 strains (3 Proteus, 6 nontyphoidal Salmonella, 7 Escherichia coli) were resistant both to Ampicillin- Sulbactam and Amoxycillin-Clavulanic acid associations. The activity profiles of the beta-lactamases produced by these resistant strains are described. Sarcina lutea ATCC 9341 was used as test strain. The effect of the enzymatic filtrate against beta-lactam antibiotics: Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Cefadroxil, Cefuroxime, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, was followed up. The enzyme types were established according to the ability of inactivating the tested antibiotics. Penicillins and cephalosporins were inactivated by these enzymes, except for Carbenicillin and Oxacillin. These beta-lactamases were resistant to Sulbactam and Clavulanic acid. In the studied Salmonella strains they are plasmidic codified, demonstrating that they belong to a new beta-lactamase class.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Resistance patterns of certain Enterobacteriaceae in hospital and outpatients, with particular reference to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (author's transl)].

The relative sensitivities of certain enterobacteriaceae strains obtained from impatient and outpatient material for investigation against trimethoprim-sulf-amethoxazole, ampicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin and tetracycline are reported. The efficacy of the substances tested was very varied, the resistance rates to gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole being most favorable. Differences in sensitivity could be established between strains from inpatient and outpatient material. Resistance rates were sometimes considerably lower in material for investigation from outpatients. This fact is, among other things, explained by frequent hospital infections with resistant organisms. In addition it could be shown that, by selection of resistant strains in certain areas of a hospital, increases in resistance can appear within a short time.

Ambulatory Care↗