Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DENTAL IMPLANTATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Osseointegration of dental implants complexed with rhBMP-2: a comparative histomorphometric and radiographic evaluation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of rhBMP-2 on implant osseointegration using histomorphometric and radiographic imaging analyses and determine the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiographs regarding clinical bone-implant contact levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hollow-cylinder implants were filled with an absorbable collagen sponge soaked with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or left empty and implanted in the mandibles of dogs. Animals were followed for 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks. At the end of each time interval, the animals were sacrificed and specimens were collected for histomorphometric and radiographic evaluation of the bone-implant contact levels. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited the same mean histologic bone-implant contact on the outer surface of the implant, except for the 4-week group. The radiographic evaluation of bone-implant contact overestimated the actual osseointegration levels by at least 30%, a significant amount. DISCUSSION: The osteoinductive and regenerative potential of rhBMP-2 is of clinical benefit in cases where bone augmentation is indicated and improved levels of osseointegration are expected. Radiographic evaluation has been the most widely employed technique in clinical practice for assessing bone levels around dental implants and comparing changes over time. However, there is a limit to the diagnostic accuracy of conventional radiographs when compared to the data obtained by histologic analysis. CONCLUSION: Application of rhBMP-2 within the confined boundaries of the hollow chamber of the implant had a limited effect on the osseointegration level along its outer surface, perhaps because of physically restricted diffusion. Radiographic evaluation resulted in the overestimation of bone-implant contact, and poor correlation with the histomorphometric data was found.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term survival and success of oral implants in the treatment of full and partial arches: a 7-year prospective study with the ITI dental implant system.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the long-term survival and success of different implant-supported prostheses supported by ITI implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty consecutive patients were rehabilitated using implant-supported prostheses. Seven hundred fifty-nine implants were loaded. Single-tooth prostheses (n = 106), cantilever fixed partial prostheses (n = 42), fixed partial prostheses (n = 137), fixed complete prostheses (n = 5), implant/tooth-supported prostheses (n = 13), and overdentures (n = 37) were used. The mean follow-up period was 3.85 years. Life table analyses were performed. Implant survival rates were calculated by means of standard life table principles. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the implant survival and success by implant placement site for each type of prosthesis. RESULTS: The cumulative implant survival rates were calculated for implants supporting single-tooth prostheses (95.6%), cantilever fixed partial prostheses (94.4%), fixed partial prostheses (96.1%), fixed complete prostheses (100%), implant/tooth-connected prostheses (90.6%), and overdentures (95.7%). Similar survival and success rates were documented for implants placed in maxillae and mandibles. Implant size did not influence survival. DISCUSSION: Seven-year survival rates were similar for implants supporting single-tooth prostheses, cantilever fixed partial prostheses, fixed partial prostheses, and implant/tooth-supported prostheses. Medium-long term implant survival and success were not influenced by the site (maxilla or mandible). Implant and prosthetic survival rates for overdentures supported by 2 implants were comparable to those for overdentures supported by 3 or more implants. CONCLUSION: Prostheses supported by ITI implants represent a reliable medium-term treatment. (More than 50 references.)

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A study of dental implants in medically treated hypothyroid patients.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the success outcomes of implants and prosthodontic treatment placed in patients with a previous history of hypothyroidism that was being controlled with medications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven female patients with a medically confirmed history of primary hypothyroid disease who were on replacement medications at the time of implant surgery were selected as the study group. They were matched with 29 control patients by age, gender, location (jaw and zone) of implants, type of prosthesis, and dental status of the opposing arch. Additional factors studied were medical history, medications, smoking habits, and bone quality and quantity. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the number of implant failures between the two groups (p = .781). The hypothyroid patients had more soft tissue complications (p = .018) following stage 1 surgery. More bone loss around implants in the hypothyroid patients was recorded after year 1 of loading when compared with loss in their matched controls (p = .017). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that medically controlled hypothyroid female patients treated with dental implants are not at higher risk of implant failure when compared with matched controls, and that a history of controlled hypothyroidism does not appear to be a contraindication for implant therapy with endosseous implants.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

In vivo forces on dental implants: hard-wiring and telemetry methods.

Methods are presented for measuring vertical force components on bridged titanium dental implants in dog mandibles. These methods have included custom-made strain-gauge transducers, plus hard-wiring and telemetric schemes for data collection. The essential components of the measurement system are described, and typical bite force data are illustrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Guided bone regeneration around dental implants in the atrophic alveolar ridge using a bioresorbable barrier. An experimental study in the monkey.

The aim of this study was to evaluate guided bone regeneration (GBR) around dental implants placed in atrophic alveolar ridges using an experimental, nonporous bioresorbable barrier. In 8 Rhesus monkeys, the maxillary canines and lateral incisors were extracted bilaterally and the remaining alveoli were reduced to create atrophic ridges. After a healing period of 3 months, soft tissue expansion was performed using a subperiosteal tissue expander. After 1 month of tissue expansion, and IMZ implant was placed in the atrophic ridge on each side in such a way that its coronal 4 mm to 5 mm remained circumferentially exposed above the bone level. The test implants were covered with a bioresorbable barrier made of poly (D,L-lactid-co-trimethylencarbonate) in a 70/30 ratio, whereas the control implants were covered with a nonresorbable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) barrier. The e-PTFE barriers were stabilized with titanium minipins while the bioresorbable barriers were analogously fixed using bioresorbable minipins made of poly (L-lactid-co-D,L-lactid) 70/30. Clinical healing progressed uneventfully in both groups and no soft tissue dehiscences occurred. Histometric and histomorphometric analyses were performed 5 months post surgery. Both test and control implants exhibited direct bone-to-implant contact to variable extents. The mean direct mineralized bone-to-implant contact length fraction was 32% of the total implant length in the test sites and 58% in the control sites. Control sites exhibited significantly greater bone fill compared to the experimental sites (P < 0.001). Histologic observations of test specimens demonstrated a moderate inflammatory reaction related to the degradation and resorption products of the barrier. In conclusion, the nonresorbable e-PTFE GBR barrier was found to be superior to the bioresorbable barriers tested in the present investigation.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

Bone regeneration adjacent to titanium dental implants using guided tissue regeneration: a report of two cases.

The biologic principle of guided tissue regeneration was applied to regenerate alveolar bone in conjunction with the placement of titanium dental implants. In one case, complete osseointegration of an implant was achieved by the placement of a Teflon membrane over an implant that had been inserted into an alveolus immediately following tooth extraction. In a second case, the same biologic principle was used to increase the volume (height and width) of a resorbed, edentulous alveolar ridge to provide adequate bone dimensions for implant installation. In both cases, the membranes appear to have prevented the repopulation of the wound area by cells other than those derived from surrounding bone tissue. These two different applications of the principle of guided tissue regeneration open new avenues for reconstructive osseous surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Investigation of the integration process of dental implants by means of a numerical analysis of dynamic response.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work was to present a preliminary numerical analysis of the integration process of dental implants using a finite element simulation of the dynamic response following impulse excitation. Assessment of the osseointegration process has been previously examined using a numerical approach by calculating the natural frequency of a cantilever attached to the implant. The methodology adopted in this work allows a direct measurement of the implant response following impulse loading and avoids the addition of a bulky cantilever set-up. METHODS: The geometric configuration was obtained by averaging the coordinate data from tomographic scans of 14 mandibles. The materials properties were approximated from experimental analysis performed on trabecular and cortical bone tissue. A load was applied to the top of the implant in one direction resulting in an initial displacement. The implant was then freed and allowed to vibrate over approximately 10 cycles. Three fixity conditions were assumed by changing the properties of the surrounding bone ranging from full integration to a poorly integrated implant typical of the situation during bone healing following surgery. The results of the three fixity conditions were compared by calculating the fundamental displacement amplitudes and frequencies of the vibrating impact. RESULTS: The calculated results indicated that the implant vibrated at a predominant frequency when partially integrated with a displacement principally in the direction of the applied impulse. However, when the implant was fully integrated a more complex vibration pattern ensued, suggesting the superposition of two or more fundamentals. SIGNIFICANCE: Attention has been paid to the formulation of the numerical model for validation purposes as well as a reliable reference for the optimum interpretation of the experimental data. In this way it was possible to establish a simulation procedure to investigate the response of the tissues surrounding the implant and their properties at different stages of healing. It should be pointed out that the numerical procedures represented a valid preliminary approach to the problem and were capable of indicating a guide to the optimum design of the experimental apparatus for measurement of displacement and frequency in vivo.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1977

The strength of LTI carbon dental implants.

In vitro mechanical tests have been performed on a variety of LTI pyrolytic carbon blade-type dental implants, and the test results have been analyzed using an analytical model. Tensile stresses at fracture were calculated to be about 5 X 10(4) psi and 8 X 10(3) psi in the LTI carbon coating and the graphite substrate, respectively. These values are close to their respective fracture strengths. The fracture loads predicted by the model are in good agreement with data obtained from the mechanical tests and are higher than forces expected in mastication.

Carbon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of gingival esthetics in the edentulous patient prior to dental implant placement using a flangeless removable prosthesis: a case report.

Development of gingival contours found in healthy natural dentitions enhances the esthetic results achieved with implant-supported fixed prostheses. However, this endeavor is frequently difficult to achieve, especially in the completely edentulous patient. Edentulous patients with optimal hard and soft tissue can be treated with a specially designed removable prosthesis that will develop gingival contours prior to implant placement. By means of a transitional complete removable prosthesis with ovate pontics and no labial flange, a natural-looking soft tissue profile can be developed prior to dental implant placement. A minimally invasive tissue punch surgical technique is used to place the implants, which are immediately restored with a 1-piece, cross-arch, provisional fixed prosthesis. This article presents the prosthodontic and surgical protocols utilized to improve the appearance of the definitive implant rehabilitation.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed2000

Early colonization of dental implants by putative periodontal pathogens in partially edentulous patients.

There is limited scientific information available on the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets in partially edentulous individuals. Knowledge about this process is one step in better understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. In this study, the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets by putative periodontal pathogens was studied in 20 partially edentulous individuals using anaerobic culture techniques. At baseline, the presence and levels of putative periodontal pathogens in the microflora of periodontal pockets and saliva were established. Immediately after loading of the titanium implants and after 6 and 12 months the presence and levels of selected putative periodontal pathogens were determined in periodontal and peri-implant pockets. A second aim was to detect bacterial contamination of the implant site and the inside of the implant. At baseline, the most frequently isolated species from the periodontal pockets were Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Peptostreptococcus micros. Bacteroides forsythus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were isolated from 9, 2 and 3 patients respectively. Six months after placing of the bridges, the majority of the implant sites had detectable levels of most periodontal bacterial species with the exception of A. actinomycetemcomitans which could not be isolated from any of the peri-implant samples during the experimental period, although 2 patients had this organism at baseline. In 2 patients with detectable subgingival P. gingivalis at baseline this species was found after 12 months in the peri-implant sites. One of these patients lost 2 implants which was associated with a high proportion of P. gingivalis in the peri-implant pockets. A second patient developed 2 fistulas around 2 implants at 8 months and this event was also associated with the presence of P. gingivalis. It is concluded that proper periodontal infection control before installment of dental implants in partially edentulous patients may prevent early bacterial complications.

Aged↗