Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Credentialing”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

GTP-binding protein G alpha Z: its down-regulation by dexamethasone and its credentials as a mediator of antigen-induced responses in RBL-2H3 cells.

We have investigated the possible role of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins in the process of antigen-induced exocytosis in a cultured rat mast cell line, RBL-2H3 cells. The mRNAs for the alpha subunits of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins G alpha S (short and long forms), G alpha i-2, G alpha i-3, and G alpha Z were detected by hybridization with G alpha-specific oligonucleotide probes. The corresponding proteins were identified in membranes of RBL-2H3 cells on the basis of size, immunoreactivity with specific antibodies, and their ability to serve as substrates for ADP-ribosylation by cholera toxin or pertussis toxin. Treatment of cells with as little as 10(-9) to 10(-7) M dexamethasone markedly decreased the amount of G alpha Z mRNA and membrane G alpha Z, as well as the responsiveness of the cells to antigen stimulation. In the same cells, the exposure to dexamethasone caused an increase in the amounts of certain other G alpha subunits, particularly G alpha i-3, and in the responsiveness of the cells to an adenosine analog, N(ethylcarboxamido)-adenosine. Because of the apparent decrease in G alpha Z mRNA and protein in dexamethasone-treated cells and the fact that neither cholera toxin nor pertussis toxin inhibits the stimulatory signals to antigen [J. Biol. Chem. 265:745-753 (1990)], we suggest that G alpha Z is a potential candidate for regulating the early signals in antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Methods for evaluation of medical care other than credentialing. Cost, experience, and results.

Unfortunately, the majority of studies proposed to evaluate a physician's capabilities, such as effectiveness programs, outcome research, and hospital evaluation, do not focus directly on the individual practitioner. The certifying process, although imperfect, still offers the best method of evaluation. The other evaluation methods will need additional refinement to be able to individually analyze a specific physician's performance and determine whether he or she is truly providing the highest quality care. Physicians are being asked to document the effectiveness of their clinical decision making. On the surface this seems so simple, and in some areas where the outcome is either life or death or a specific yes or no type of answer, many have the capability to come forth with some realistic documentation. However, today's society is focused on health and the perfect outcome, and many nonlife-threatening therapies are evaluated by a patient's unrealistic expectation. Thus, the same result may be interpreted differently in one geographic area or by patients with different expectations. The biggest mistake would be to believe that outcome studies can be used to reduce cost. There may be some initial reduction or delays in treatment that suggest an immediate reduction of cost, the so-called sentinel effect, but no information or evidence indicates that these effects can be expanded without actually reducing needed health care services. In fact, the delays or obstruction to entering the health-care system experienced by many individuals often lead to more costly and less effective care with suboptimal results.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗