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Results for “Computing Methodologies”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[How do physicians evaluate their medical school training. Retrospective survey of 4 groups of medical students 8-11 years after graduation].

A survey was conducted among 250 graduates of the Bobigny School of Medicine (University Paris-Nord) who had completed medical school from 1986 to 1989 in order to ascertain their opinion concerning the training received. Ninety former students (36%) responded. The mean age of the sample was 34 years; 46 women and 44 men. Most (88.9%) were practicing medicine, principally as general practitioners (61.8%). 81.6% felt they had been well prepared to practice medicine. The rate of satisfaction was higher in the area of fundamental science than in clinical science. The responders generally felt that teaching and validation methods should emphasize real situations. The main criticism concerning the curriculum was an insufficient degree of professionalism, particularly in fields currently of particular importance: epide miology, health economics, education, prevention, office management. Training was also considered to be insufficient in medical techniques, communication, priority decision making, team work, emergency care, organization of time and handling stress. The responders suggested that the future curriculum should focus more on information search, research methodology and computer science. The results of this survey collaborate findings of recent retrospective long-term analyses conducted in other European countries.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed1999

Protein fold recognition score functions: unusual construction strategies.

We describe two ways of optimizing score functions for protein sequence to structure threading. The first method adjusts parameters to improve sequence to structure alignment. The second adjusts parameters so as to improve a score function's ability to rank alignments calculated in the first score function. Unlike those functions known as knowledge-based force fields, the resulting parameter sets do not rely on Boltzmann statistics, have no claim to representing free energies and are purely constructions for recognizing protein folds. The methods give a small improvement, but suggest that functions can be profitably optimized for very specific aspects of protein fold recognition. Proteins 1999;36:454-461.

Computing Methodologies↗
PubMed1999

DNA computing the Hamiltonian path problem.

The directed Hamiltonian path (DHP) problem is one of the hard computational problems for which there is no practical algorithm on a conventional computer available. Many problems, including the traveling sales person problem and the longest path problem, can be translated into the DHP problem, which implies that an algorithm for DHP can also solve all the translated problems. To study the robustness of the laboratory protocol of the pioneering DNA computing for the DHP problem performed by Leonard Adleman (1994), we investigated how the graph size, multiplicity of the Hamiltonian paths, and the size of oligonucleotides that encode the vertices would affect the laboratory procedures. We applied Adleman's protocol with 18-mer oligonucleotide per node to a graph with 8 vertices and 14 edges containing two Hamiltonian paths (Adleman used 20-mer oligonucleotides for a graph with 7 nodes, 14 edges and one Hamiltonian path). We found that depending on the graph characteristics such as the number of short cycles, the oligonucleotide size, and the hybridization conditions that used to encode the graph, the protocol should be executed with different parameters from Adleman's.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2000

Graphically-enabled integration of bioinformatics tools allowing parallel execution.

Rapid analysis of large amounts of genomic data is of great biological as well as medical interest. This type of analysis will greatly benefit from the ability to rapidly assemble a set of related analysis programs and to exploit the power of parallel computing. TurboGenomics, which is a software package currently in its alpha-testing phase, allows integration of heterogeneous software components to be done graphically. In addition, the tool is capable of making the integrated components run in parallel. To demonstrate these abilities, we use the tool to develop a Web-based application that allows integrated access to a set of large-scale sequence data analysis programs used by a transposon-insertion based yeast genome project. We also contrast the differences in building such an application with and without using the TurboGenomics software.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed2000

Computerized reminders for five preventive screening tests: generation of patient-specific letters incorporating physician preferences.

Compliance with preventive screening tests is inadequate in the United States. We describe a computer based system for generating reminder letters to patients who may have missed their indicated screening tests because they do not visit a provider regularly or missed their tests despite the fact that they do visit a provider. We started with national recommendations and generated a local consensus for test indications. We then used this set of indications and our electronic record to determine test deficiencies in our pilot pool of 3073 patients. The computer generated customized reminder letters targeting several tests. Physicians chose any patients who should not receive letters. The response rate for fecal occult blood (FOB) testing was 33% compared with an 18% historical compliance rate within the same community. FOB reminders generated improved test compliance. Test execution must be considered when commencing a program of screening test reminders.

Computers↗
PubMed2000

[Neuroheuristics, a new paradigm in neuroscience].

The recent advances of Molecular Biology and Computer Sciences in Neurosciences open unprecedented perspectives for biomedical investigation. Neuroheuristics offers as a new paradigm where these disciplines are no longer restricted to their technical expertise, but rather subserve a dynamical approach to the clinical and fundamental research for the neurological sciences.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Interaction between cerebral hemispheres biopotentials under the influence of organic solvents (according to the spectral coherent analysis)].

The study covered informative and diagnostic value of parameters in EEG spectral coherent analysis for early and differential diagnosis of chronic exposure to organic solvents. Neurotic symptoms appeared to be early signs of the toxic effect and to be associated with dramatic decrease in regulatory influence from thalamic and hypothalamic structures.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Biopharmaceutical statistics in a pharmaceutical regulated environment: past, present, and future.

The practice of statistics in the pharmaceutical industry has changed markedly over the last 25 years. This paper examines the evolution of clinical trial statistics in relationship to advances in statistical methodology and computational power as well as the changing regulatory environment. The current role of the biopharmaceutical statistician is assessed along with the drivers for future change.

Biopharmaceutics↗